- MeSH
- analýza potravin metody MeSH
- glykemický index MeSH
- konzumní sacharóza * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nutriční hodnota MeSH
- nutriční terapie MeSH
- označování potravin MeSH
- potraviny a nápoje MeSH
- zdravotní výchova MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Metabolic disorders caused by the imbalance of gut microbiota have been associated with the consumption of processed foods. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of antimicrobial food additives (benzoate, sorbate, nitrite, and bisulfite) and sweeteners (saccharin, stevia, sucralose, aspartame, and cyclamate) on the growth and metabolism of some gut and potentially probiotic bacterial species. The effects on the growth of Bifidobacterium longum, Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis cultures were investigated using a turbidimetric test and by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). To evaluate the metabolic activity, the cultures were exposed to compounds with the highest antimicrobial activity, subjected to cultivation with inulin (1.5%), and analyzed by liquid chromatography for the production of short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate). The results showed that potassium sorbate (25 mg/mL), sodium bisulfite (0.7 mg/mL), sodium benzoate, and saccharin (5 mg/mL) presented greater antimicrobial activity against the studied species. L. lactis and L. acidophilus bacteria had reduced short-chain fatty acid production after exposure to saccharin and sorbate, and B. longum after exposure to sorbate, in comparison to controls (acetic acid reduction 1387 μg/mL and propionic 23 μg/mL p < 0.05).
- MeSH
- cukry škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- kouření tabáku škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poruchy vyvolané užíváním tabáku * MeSH
- prostředky pro ukončení závislosti na tabáku MeSH
- sladidla MeSH
- závislost (psychologie) * MeSH
- závislost na jídle * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- zprávy MeSH
x
x
- Klíčová slova
- pečení, muffiny,
- MeSH
- chuť MeSH
- cukerné alkoholy * analýza klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- cukrovinky analýza MeSH
- diabetes mellitus prevence a kontrola MeSH
- glykemický index MeSH
- nízkokalorická sladidla analýza metabolismus MeSH
- nutriční hodnota MeSH
- obezita prevence a kontrola MeSH
- potraviny pro zvláštní výživu analýza MeSH
- sacharosa škodlivé účinky MeSH
- skladování potravin MeSH
- výzkumná zpráva MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Artificial sweeteners are widely used sugar substitutes, but little is known about their long-term effects on cardiometabolic disease risks. Here we examined the commonly used sugar substitute erythritol and atherothrombotic disease risk. In initial untargeted metabolomics studies in patients undergoing cardiac risk assessment (n = 1,157; discovery cohort, NCT00590200 ), circulating levels of multiple polyol sweeteners, especially erythritol, were associated with incident (3 year) risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; includes death or nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke). Subsequent targeted metabolomics analyses in independent US (n = 2,149, NCT00590200 ) and European (n = 833, DRKS00020915 ) validation cohorts of stable patients undergoing elective cardiac evaluation confirmed this association (fourth versus first quartile adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval), 1.80 (1.18-2.77) and 2.21 (1.20-4.07), respectively). At physiological levels, erythritol enhanced platelet reactivity in vitro and thrombosis formation in vivo. Finally, in a prospective pilot intervention study ( NCT04731363 ), erythritol ingestion in healthy volunteers (n = 8) induced marked and sustained (>2 d) increases in plasma erythritol levels well above thresholds associated with heightened platelet reactivity and thrombosis potential in in vitro and in vivo studies. Our findings reveal that erythritol is both associated with incident MACE risk and fosters enhanced thrombosis. Studies assessing the long-term safety of erythritol are warranted.
Blesk Zdraví, ISSN 1802-3738 Ročník 14, číslo 8, speciál srpen 2022
31 stran : ilustrace ; 15 cm
- MeSH
- podpora zdraví MeSH
- sladidla MeSH
- vaření MeSH
- zdravá strava MeSH
- zdraví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- populární práce MeSH
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NLK Obory
- preventivní medicína
- zdravotní výchova
- nutriční terapie, dietoterapie a výživa
- NLK Publikační typ
- brožury
Natural sweeteners are in high demand as a part of a healthy lifestyle. Among them, sweeteners with decreased caloric value and suitability for diabetes patients are most requested. Extension in their consumption extends the need for their quality control. A fast gradient UHPLC coupled with charged aerosol detection enabling quantitation of stevioside, rebaudioside A-D, and steviolbioside in commercial sweeteners and Stevia rebaudiana plant extracts has been developed. The method was developed to achieve high efficiency, simplicity, versatility, and low solvent consumption. All steviol glycosides were baseline-separated in less than 4 min with a total run time of 7 min. Buffer-free eluents were used in the separations and only 2.45 mL solvent were needed per analysis. The Luna Omega Polar column featuring polar modification of the C18 stationary phase was employed with mobile phases composed of water and acetonitrile for the excellent separation of polar steviol glycosides. The flow rate of the mobile phase 0.35 mL/min, column temperature 50 °C and injection volume 2 µL were used. Critical pair of glycosides, stevioside and rebaudioside A, were baseline separated with a resolution of 2.41. The universal charged aerosol detector allowed quantitation of steviol glycosides with a limit of detection and quantitation 0.15 and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively. Method intra-day precision was less than 2% (RSD), and the recovery was 89.6-105.0% and 93.8-111.4% for plant material and sweetener tablets, respectively. The quantity of steviol glycosides in three out of four commercial sweeteners was 3.0-12.3% higher than declared. The content was about 12.4% less than declared in one sample. But the difference from the labeled content corresponded to trueness and precision of the developed method together with variability of sweeteners production. The most abundant glycoside detected in sweeteners was stevioside followed by rebaudioside A. A leaf-to-stem ratio describing the dominant accumulation of steviol glycosides in leaves affected the differences in the amount of steviol glycosides among plant samples.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Several studies have reported the association of sweetened beverages (SB) with cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between SB and cardiovascular mortality has not been clearly established. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between SB consumption and cardiovascular mortality. METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched up to July 31, 2021, for prospective cohort studies investigating this association in adults. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association between SB: sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)/artificial-sweetened beverages (ASB) exposure and cardiovascular mortality. RESULTS: A total of eight cohort studies comprising 1.2 million participants exposed to SB, reported 15,831 (1.2%) cases of cardiovascular mortality with a median follow-up of 12.2 years. Consuming at least one glass (250 ml) of SB per day (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.00-1.12, P < 0.001) or ≥2 glasses per day (RR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.16-1.31, P < 0.001) was significantly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. SSB and ASB intake of ≥2 glasses per day increased the risk of cardiovascular mortality by 21% (RR:1.21, 95% CI: 1.09-1.33, P < 0.001) and 33% (RR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.12-1.55, P < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal that high SSB and ASB consumption are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Policymakers and public health practitioners should work on multisectoral strategies to reduce the consumption of sweetened beverages around the world and among all population groups.
- MeSH
- cukrem slazené nápoje * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci * chemicky indukované MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nápoje slazené umělými sladidly škodlivé účinky MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- sladidla škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
