• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mentální anorexie psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• ženy MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Epidemiological, as well as most in vivo, studies suggest that flavonoids have a positive influence on various cardiovascular diseases. Traditionally, these effects were only attributed to their antioxidant activity, which has been extensively studied. Apart from the direct antioxidant properties, which include direct reactive oxygen species scavenging activity and transient metal chelation, this review reports on many other effects that in pharmacologically achievable concentrations may also be responsible for their positive cardiovascular influence. These include direct inhibition of some radical-forming enzymes (xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidase, and lipoxygenases), decreased platelet aggregation and leukocyte adhesion, and vasodilatory properties. For each of the aforementioned effects different structural features are necessary. Briefly, a catecholic B-ring is necessary for scavenging activity; hydroxyl groups in an ortho position, the 3-hydroxy-4-keto group, or the 5-hydroxy-4-keto group enable iron chelation; planar conformation with the 4-keto group and 2,3-double bond is essential for inhibition of leukocyte adhesion and platelet aggregation; specific hydroxy-methoxy ortho conformation in ring B is necessary for the inhibition of NADPH oxidase; and the 4-keto group is a requisite for vasodilatory action. This review shows that positive cardiovascular effects of flavonoids are achieved by various flavonoids via the interaction with different targets.

• MeSH
• aktivace trombocytů účinky léků   MeSH
• antioxidancia farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• buněčná adheze účinky léků   MeSH
• enzymová indukce účinky léků   MeSH
• flavonoidy chemie   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci farmakoterapie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• vazodilatace účinky léků   MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Positive effects of dexrazoxane (DEX) in anthracycline cardiotoxicity have been mostly assumed to be associated with its iron-chelating properties. However, this explanation has been recently questioned. Iron plays also an important role in the catecholamine cardiotoxicity. Hence in this study, the influence of DEX on a catecholamine model of acute myocardial infarction (100 mg/kg of isoprenaline by subcutaneous injection) was assessed: (i) the effects of an intravenous dose of 20.4 mg/kg were analyzed after 24 h, (ii) the effects were monitored continuously during the first two hours after drug(s) administration to examine the mechanism(s) of cardioprotection. Additional in vitro experiments on iron chelation/reduction and influence on the Fenton chemistry were performed both with isoprenaline/DEX separately and in their combination. DEX partly decreased the mortality, reduced myocardial calcium overload, histological impairment, and peripheral haemodynamic disturbances 24 h after isoprenaline administration. Continuous 2 h experiments showed that DEX did not influence isoprenaline induced atrioventricular blocks and had little effect on the measured haemodynamic parameters. Its protective effects are probably mediated by inhibition of late myocardial impairment and ventricular fibrillation likely due to inhibition of myocardial calcium overload. Complementary in vitro experiments suggested that iron chelation properties of DEX apparently did not play the major role.

• MeSH
• chelátory železa farmakologie   MeSH
• hemodynamika účinky léků   MeSH
• infarkt myokardu chemicky indukované   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• isoprenalin antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• kardiotonika farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• myokard metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• razoxan farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• vápník metabolismus   MeSH
• železo metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Coumarins are a large group of natural substances with diverse pharmacological properties that may predetermine some of them for the prevention and/or treatment of cardiovascular diseases and also other pathologies. Free iron participates in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, chelation of iron may attenuate some ROS consequences, but on the other hand, reduction of ferric ions to ferrous ones is unfavourable and leads to intensification of ROS production. In this study, we have examined the interaction of iron with coumarins which has been rarely analyzed. A series of naturally occurring and chemically synthesized 4-methylcoumarins were analyzed for their ferrous and total iron-chelating properties and compared with standard iron chelator deferoxamine. The iron chelation activity was assessed by a simple spectrophotometric approach based on the specific indicator for ferrous ions--ferrozine. The methodology was also extended for the measurement of total iron. Among the tested coumarins, ortho-dihydroxyderivatives were the most potent iron chelators and 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin even reached the efficiency of deferoxamine in neutral pH. However, these ortho-dihydroxycoumarins did not bind iron firmly in acidic conditions (e.g., in acute myocardial infarction) and, moreover, they reduced ferric ions that could lead to intensification of the Fenton chemistry. Other tested coumarins did not substantially chelate iron with the exception of ortho-diacetoxycoumarins. Conclusively, the use of iron-chelating coumarins in acidic conditions may be disadvantageous in contrast to neutral conditions.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia chemie   MeSH
• chelátory železa chemie   MeSH
• ferrozin chemie   MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• kumariny chemie   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• železo chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Flavonoids have been demonstrated to possess miscellaneous health benefits which are, at least partly, associated with iron chelation. In this in vitro study, 26 flavonoids from different subclasses were analyzed for their iron chelating activity and stability of the formed complexes in four patho/physiologically relevant pH conditions (4.5, 5.5, 6.8, and 7.5) and compared with clinically used iron chelator deferoxamine. The study demonstrated that the most effective iron binding site of flavonoids represents 6,7-dihydroxy structure. This site is incorporated in baicalein structure which formed, similarly to deferoxamine, the complexes with iron in the stoichiometry 1:1 and was not inferior in all tested pH to deferoxamine. The 3-hydroxy-4-keto conformation together with 2,3-double bond and the catecholic B ring were associated with a substantial iron chelation although the latter did not play an essential role at more acidic conditions. In agreement, quercetin and myricetin possessing all three structural requirements were similarly active to baicalein or deferoxamine at the neutral conditions, but were clearly less active in lower pH. The 5-hydroxy-4-keto site was less efficient and the complexes of iron in this site were not stable at the acidic conditions. Isolated keto, hydroxyl, methoxyl groups or an ortho methoxy-hydroxy groups were not associated with iron chelation at all.

• MeSH
• chelátory železa chemie   MeSH
• deferoxamin chemie   MeSH
• flavanony chemie   MeSH
• flavonoidy chemie   MeSH
• flavony chemie   MeSH
• isoflavony chemie   MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• vazebná místa MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Předložený článek poukazuje na významné preventivní a/nebo kurativní účinky oddenku kurkumy či kurkuminu, které byly zjištěny u modelů experimentálních zvířat u množství nemocí, zahrnující aterosklerózu, rakovinu, diabetes, respiratorní, jaterní, pankreatické, intestinální a žaludeční nemoci, neurodegenerativní a oční nemoci. Zároveň uvádí i možné interakce této drogy s ostatními léčivy.

The present article highlights significant preventive and/or curative effects of Rhizoma curcumae, or curcumin, that have been found in experimental animal models in a number of conditions, including atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, respiratory, hepatic, pancreatic, intestinal and gastric diseases, neurodegenerative conditions and eye diseases. It also deals with possible interactions of this drug with other medications.

• Klíčová slova
• Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuma longa, vedlejší účinky,
• MeSH
• ateroskleróza farmakoterapie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus farmakoterapie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• kukurbitaciny farmakologie   škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kurkumin MeSH
• nádorové procesy MeSH
• nemoci trávicího systému farmakoterapie   MeSH
• plicní nemoci farmakoterapie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• potravinářská barviva chemie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• potravní doplňky MeSH

• MeSH
• kostní denzita * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mentální anorexie * komplikace   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH

Sborník přednášek z V. sjezdu České psychiatrické společnosti s mezinárodní účastí.

• MeSH
• duševně nemocní MeSH
• duševní poruchy MeSH
• poruchy osobnosti MeSH
• psychiatrie MeSH
• psychofarmakologie MeSH
• psychotropní léky MeSH
• schizofrenie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH
• kongresy MeSH
• přednášky MeSH
• sborníky MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Psychiatrie
• NLK Obory
• psychiatrie