Synthetic food colorants are extensively used across the globe regardless of the fact that they induce deleterious side effects when used in higher amounts. In this work, a novel electrochemical sensor based on nickel nanoparticles doped lettuce-like Co3O4 anchored graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets was developed for effective detection of sulfonated azo dye sunset yellow widely used as a food colorant. Hydrothermal synthesis was adopted for the preparation of lettuce-like spinel Co3O4 nanoparticles and Ni-Co3O4 NPs/GO nanocomposite was prepared using ecofriendly and economical sonochemical method. The prepared ternary nanocomposite meticulously fabricated on a screen-printed carbon electrode exhibited remarkable electrocatalytic activity towards sunset yellow determination. This is apparent from the resultant well-defined and intense redox peak currents of Ni-Co3O4 NPs/GO nanocomposite modified electrode at very low potentials. The developed sunset yellow sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 4.16 μA μM-1 cm-2 and a nanomolar detection limit of 0.9 nM in the linear range 0.125-108.5 μM. Furthermore, experiments were conducted to affirm excellent stability, reproducibility, repeatability, and selectivity of proposed sensor. The practicality of sunset yellow determination using the developed sensor was analyzed in different varieties of food samples including jelly, soft drink, ice cream, and candy resulting in recovery in the range of 96.16%-102.56%.
- MeSH
- azosloučeniny analýza MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky metody MeSH
- grafit MeSH
- kobalt chemie MeSH
- kovové nanočástice chemie MeSH
- limita detekce MeSH
- lineární modely MeSH
- nanokompozity chemie MeSH
- nikl chemie MeSH
- oxid hlinitý chemie MeSH
- oxid hořečnatý chemie MeSH
- oxidy chemie MeSH
- potravinářská barviva analýza MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- biologické pigmenty MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Monascus * metabolismus MeSH
- mykotoxiny MeSH
- potravinářská barviva MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- bezpečnost potravin MeSH
- chuťové esence MeSH
- dusitan sodný analýza normy MeSH
- geneticky modifikované potraviny MeSH
- kvalita jídla MeSH
- masné výrobky analýza normy MeSH
- označování potravin MeSH
- polyfosfáty analýza normy MeSH
- potravinářská barviva MeSH
- potravinářská technologie metody normy MeSH
- potravinářské konzervační látky analýza normy MeSH
- potravinářské přísady * MeSH
Food analysis demands fast methods for routine control and high throughput of samples. Chromatographic separation enables simultaneous determination of numerous compounds in complex matrices, several approaches increasing separation efficiency and speed of analysis were involved. In this work, modern types of column with monolithic rod or superficially porous particles were employed and compared for determination of eight synthetic food dyes, their chromatographic performance was evaluated. During method optimization, cyano stationary phase Chromolith Performance CN 100 × 4.6 mm and Ascentis Express ES-CN 100 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm were selected for the separation of polar colorants. The separation was performed by gradient elution of acetonitrile/methanol and 2% water solution of ammonium acetate at flow rate 2.0 mL min-1. Mobile phase composition and the gradients were optimized in order to enable efficient separation on both columns. The method using fused-core particle column provided higher separation efficiency, narrow peaks of analytes resulted in increased peak capacity and shortening of analysis time. After the validation, the method was applied for analysis of coloured beers, soft drinks and candies.
- Klíčová slova
- emulgátory, látky zvyšující kontrast, regulátory kyselosti, aromata, éčka,
- MeSH
- chuťové esence klasifikace MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kvalita jídla MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- potravinářská barviva klasifikace MeSH
- potravinářské konzervační látky MeSH
- potravinářské přísady * aplikace a dávkování klasifikace normy škodlivé účinky MeSH
- potraviny normy škodlivé účinky MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- sladidla klasifikace normy MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- tabulky MeSH
Nature provides us with inexhaustible variety of secondary metabolites that have as one of their observable properties different taste or colour. For the purpose of public education and also general information an initiative of the editors and collaborators of the Chemické listy journal resulted in a series of brief review articles on the topic of natural colours and flavours that the editors decided to publish in electronic book form as the first chemical "e-journalbook" (electronic book consisting of journal articles) in Czech. Chemistry of secondary metabolites provides many lessons that can be a source of information for modern food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries i.a. This modest treatise, along with a number of cited papers in the Chemické listy journal dare to be not only a reminder of this importance but also a source of knowledge for both chemical and nonchemical public.
- Klíčová slova
- sekundární metabolity,
- MeSH
- barvicí látky MeSH
- chuť MeSH
- chuťová percepce * MeSH
- chuťové esence * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- potravinářská barviva * MeSH
- potravinářské přísady MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Beer is one of the most popular alcoholic beverages worldwide. For consumer acceptance, significant factors are its taste, flavour and colour. This study determines selected synthetic green, blue and yellow food colorants in popular Easter herb-coloured green beers on tap produced in breweries on Holy Thursday. The abuse of beer colouring with Tartrazine (E 102), Quinoline yellow (E 104), Sunset yellow (E 110), Patent blue (E 131), Indigo carmine (E 132), Brilliant blue FCF (E 133), Green S (E 142) and Fast green FCF (E 143) was assessed in 11 green beer samples purchased in local restaurants. HPLC was used for the separation and detection of artificial colorants with diode-array detection and a Chromolith Performance CN 100 × 4.6 mm column with guard pre-column Chromolith CN 5 × 4.6 mm. Separation was performed in gradient elution with mobile phase containing methanol-aqueous 2% ammonium acetate at pH 7.0. The study showed that eight beers (70%) marketed in the Czech Republic contained artificial colorants (Tartrazine and Brilliant blue FCF). The concentration of colorants found in analysed green herb-coloured beers ranged from 1.58 to 3.49 mg l(-)(1) for Tartrazine, 0.45-2.18 mg l(-)(1) for Brilliant blue, while Indigo carmine was detected only once at concentration 2.36 mg l(-)(1). Only three beers showed no addition of the synthetic colorants. However, the levels of artificial colorants found in beers marketed in the Czech region were very low and did not show a serious risk for consumers' health.
- MeSH
- acetáty MeSH
- barva MeSH
- benzensulfonáty analýza MeSH
- indigotindisulfonát sodný analýza MeSH
- kontaminace potravin analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methanol MeSH
- pivo analýza MeSH
- potravinářská barviva analýza MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie MeSH
- rozpouštědla MeSH
- tartrazin analýza MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Increasing attention has been recently paid to the toxicity of additives used in food. The European Parliament and the Council published the REGULATION (EC) No. 1333/2008 on food additives establishing that the toxicity of food additives evaluated before 20th January 2009 must be re-evaluated by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The aim of this review is to survey current knowledge specifically on the toxicity issues of synthetic food colorants using official reports published by the EFSA and other available studies published since the respective report. Synthetic colorants described are Tartrazine, Quinoline Yellow, Sunset Yellow, Azorubine, Ponceau 4R, Erythrosine, Allura Red, Patent Blue, Indigo Carmine, Brilliant Blue FCF, Green S, Brilliant Black and Brown HT. Moreover, a summary of evidence on possible detrimental effects of colorant mixes on children's behaviour is provided and future research directions are outlined.
- MeSH
- chování dětí účinky léků MeSH
- dávka bez pozorovaného nepříznivého účinku MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- potravinářská barviva škodlivé účinky chemická syntéza farmakokinetika MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- spotřebitelská bezpečnost produktů * MeSH
- testy toxicity MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- vývoj dítěte účinky léků MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- kalich, calyx, Abelmoschus cruentus (Bertol.) Walp., Karkade (arab.), Luo Shen Hua (čín.), Roselle (angl.), Hibisci calyce, Hibisci flos cum calyce, delfinidin, rostlinný nálev,
- MeSH
- abortiva * MeSH
- anthokyaniny * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- flavonoidy * MeSH
- fytoterapie * MeSH
- inhibitory ACE * MeSH
- kojenec * MeSH
- květy * MeSH
- laktace * MeSH
- léčivé rostliny * chemie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lékové interakce * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv * MeSH
- potravinářská barviva * MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- steroly * MeSH
- těhotenství * MeSH
- terapeutické užití * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- těhotenství * MeSH
The presented work describes the development of a simple, fast and effective on-line SPE-UHPLC-UV/vis method using fused core particle columns for extraction, separation and quantitative analysis of the nine illegal dyes, most frequently found in chilli-containing spices. The red dyes Sudan I-IV, Sudan Red 7B, Sudan Red G, Sudan Orange G, Para Red, and Methyl Red were separated and analyzed in less than 9 min without labor-consuming pretreatment procedure. The chromatographic separation was performed on Ascentis Express RP-Amide column with gradient elution using mixture of acetonitrile and water, as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min(-1) and 55°C of temperature. As SPE sorbent for cleanup and pre-concentration of illegal dyes short guard fused core column Ascentis Express F5 was used. The applicability of proposed method was proven for three different chilli-containing commercial samples. Recoveries for all compounds were between 90% and 108% and relative standard deviation ranged from 1% to 4% for within- and from 2% to 6% for between-day. Limits of detection showed lower values than required by European Union regulations and were in the range of 3.3-10.3 µg L(-1) for standard solutions, 5.6-235.6 µg kg(-1) for chilli-containing spices.
- MeSH
- analýza potravin metody MeSH
- azosloučeniny chemie MeSH
- barvicí látky chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Capsicum chemie MeSH
- extrakce na pevné fázi metody MeSH
- indikátory a reagencie chemie MeSH
- koření analýza MeSH
- naftoly chemie MeSH
- on-line systémy MeSH
- potravinářská barviva chemie MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
