dwarf
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
- MeSH
- kozy MeSH
- virové nemoci imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- viry encefalitidy MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
The bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)) is one of the most detrimental pests of cereals, causing harm mainly by transmitting Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). R. padi migration has been monitored since 1992 using suction traps at five sites in the Czech Republic. The count data were subjected to the following different analyses: (i) the minimum temperature thresholds for the aphids to take off were determined; (ii) a partial redundancy analysis using the minimum, average, and maximum temperatures, as well as the wind speed, the precipitation total, and past aphid migration descriptors was performed to explain the relationship between aphid occurrences and weather patterns; and (iii) three types of models from the field of machine learning were used to predict aphid occurrences. According to our findings, (i) in Central Europe, 8°C is the temperature threshold for R. padi migration unless insufficient daylight delays the take-off; (ii) weather conditions occurring roughly 9 months before R. padi migration influence the migration size; (iii) the duration of the summer migration influences the autumn migration size; and (iv) the daytime and nighttime temperatures in the autumn determine the summer peak, whereas winter frosts and precipitation influence the autumn peak.
- MeSH
- ječmen (rod) * virologie MeSH
- Luteovirus * fyziologie MeSH
- migrace zvířat * MeSH
- mšice * fyziologie virologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- kozy MeSH
- virové nemoci imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- viry encefalitidy MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
Acta endocrinologica, ISSN 0300-9750 vol. 103, suppl. 258, 1983
47 s. : tab., grafy ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- endokrinní žlázy MeSH
- myši MeSH
- poruchy růstu MeSH
- růstové látky MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- Konspekt
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
- NLK Obory
- endokrinologie
Many plant viruses are vectored by insects in a persistent circulative manner. The insect gut and salivary gland are important barriers limiting virus spread, but the mechanisms by which viruses are able to cross the gut escape barriers of the insect remain largely unknown. Wheat dwarf virus (WDV), transmitted by Psammotettix alienus in a persistent, circulative, and nonpropagative manner, causes the most economically important virus disease in wheat. In this study, ADP ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) was found to interact with the coat protein of WDV in a yeast two-hybrid, pull-down assay and to colocalise with virions in the gut and salivary glands of P. alienus. When transcription of ARF1 was suppressed by RNA interference, the WDV titre decreased in the haemolymph and salivary glands, and transmission efficiency decreased, but titre in the gut did not differ from that of the control. These data suggest that ARF1 of P. alienus binds to the WDV virion and helps virus spread from gut to haemolymph. Our study provides direct experimental evidence that WDV can use the existing membrane trafficking mechanism to aid its spread within the insect vector. This first analysis of the molecular interaction between WDV and its vector P. alienus contributes to understanding the mechanisms involved in circulative transmission of the virus by the leafhopper vector.
- MeSH
- ADP-ribosylační faktor 1 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- Geminiviridae patogenita MeSH
- Hemiptera genetika metabolismus virologie MeSH
- hmyz - vektory genetika MeSH
- nemoci rostlin virologie MeSH
- RNA interference MeSH
- slinné žlázy metabolismus virologie MeSH
- střeva virologie MeSH
- techniky dvojhybridového systému MeSH
- virion metabolismus MeSH
- virové plášťové proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A rapid method for detection, discrimination and quantification of wheat and barley strains of wheat dwarf virus (WDV) was successfully developed. The sensitivity of quantification of the wheat and barley strains of WDV ranged from an average of 1.2 × 10(7)-1.2 × 10(2) and from an average of 1.4 × 10(7)-1.4 × 10(4) copies of viral genome, respectively. These standard serial dilutions were applied to plant and vector tissues for virus titer calculations. Both strains of WDV were clearly discriminated by specific probes and melting curve analysis. Both TaqMan(®) and SYBR(®) Green technologies provided accurate and reliable methods for monitoring, detection, discrimination, and quantification of WDV.
- MeSH
- Geminiviridae klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- ječmen (rod) virologie MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- nemoci rostlin virologie MeSH
- pšenice virologie MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- virová nálož metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
