• MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Regression Analysis MeSH

• Conspectus
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NML Fields
• management, organizace a řízení zdravotnictví

• Conspectus
• Společenské vědy
• NML Fields
• sociologie

At the beginning of 2020 there was a spinning point in the travel behavior of people around the world because of the pandemic and its consequences. This paper analyzes the specific behavior of travelers commuting to work or school during the COVID-19 pandemic based on a sample of 2000 respondents from two countries. We obtained data from an online survey, applying multinomial regression analysis. The results demonstrate the multinomial model with an accuracy of almost 70% that estimates the most used modes of transport (walking, public transport, car) based on independent variables. The respondents preferred the car as the most frequently used means of transport. However, commuters without car prefer public transport to walking. This prediction model could be a tool for planning and creating transport policy, especially in exceptional cases such as the limitation of public transport activities. Therefore, predicting travel behavior is essential for policymaking based on people's travel needs.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * MeSH
• Bicycling MeSH
• Transportation MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Pandemics * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify predictors of the lifetime prevalence of methamphetamine use in the population of Czech disadvantaged neighbourhoods. METHODS: Using data from a face-to-face representative survey, two types of analysis were performed. A bivariate analysis (unadjusted odds ratios estimated with logistic regression) was conducted to determine the relationship with a dependent variable (lifetime prevalence of methamphetamine use). Subsequently, three multivariate binomial logistic regression models (socio-demographic and socioeconomic status, incarceration and victimization, mobility and space) were conducted to control for the influence of other variables. RESULTS: In a series of multinomial logit models, we have found the following predictors to be significantly associated with lifetime prevalence of methamphetamine use: age, gender, Roma ethnicity, net monthly household income, unstable housing, lifetime experience with incarceration, lifetime experience with discrimination, urban-rural divide, and index of rural peripheralization. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that methamphetamine users are multidimensionally disadvantaged and therefore constitute a vulnerable group with specific needs. This should be considered when designing services and policies targeting methamphetamine use in disadvantaged neighbourhoods.

• MeSH
• Housing MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Methamphetamine * MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

BACKGROUND: Sexually dimorphic risk of obesity-associated asthma is posited to accelerate around puberty. Yet, the role of air pollution on the lean and obese asthmatic children has never been examined. OBJECTIVE: To compare whether a unit exposure to airborne benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is associated with altered risks of asthma across the overweight/obese (OV/OB) control, lean asthmatic, and OV/OB asthmatic children, respectively, compared to the lean controls, before and after adjusting for oxidant stress markers (i.e. 15‐F2t‐IsoP, 8‐oxo‐dG, and Carbonyl). METHODS: Asthmatic and healthy control children, recruited from polluted urban and rural areas, were matched to ambient concentration of B[a]P. A unit increase in B[a]P and multinomial logistic regression on OV/OB control, lean asthmatic, and OV/OB asthma were compared across the sex- and age-groups. RESULTS: The median B[a]P was associated with a linear increase among the female children, according to OV/OB and asthma, respectively, and together, compared to the lean control girls (p = 0.001). While B[a]P was associated with positive relationship with 15‐F2t‐IsoP level among the OV/OB boys, the same exposure-outcome association was inverse among the OV/OB girls. One natural log-unit increase in ambient B[a]P was associated with 10.5-times greater odds (95% CI, 2.6-39.6; p = 0.001) the adolescent OV/OB boys, compared to the unit odds among the lean controls. In contrast, the adolescent OV/OB girls were associated with highest adjusted odds of the asthma (aOR = 15.4; 95% CI, 2.9-29.1; p < 0.001) compared to the lean control girls. An adjustment for 15‐F2t‐IsoP, and Carbonyls was associated with greater odds of asthma per unit exposure for the adolescent OV/OB girls (aOR = 16.2; 95% CI, 1.4-181.8; p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: B[a]P exposure was associated with a leap in the odds of asthma among the OV/OB adolescents, particularly the girls, after adjusting for 15‐F2t‐IsoP and Carbonyls.

• MeSH
• Benzo(a)pyrene toxicity   MeSH
• Asthma chemically induced   etiology   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Air Pollutants toxicity   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Pediatric Obesity complications   MeSH
• Sex Characteristics * MeSH
• Sexual Maturation MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases are leading causes of death and patients with dementia are often affected by them. OBJECTIVE: Investigate associations of cardiovascular diseases with different dementia disorders and determine their impact on mortality. METHODS: This study included 29,630 patients from the Swedish Dementia Registry (mean age 79 years, 59% women) diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mixed dementia, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), or unspecified dementia. Records of cardiovascular diseases come from the Swedish National Patient Register. Multinomial logistic regression and cox proportional hazard models were applied. RESULTS: Compared to AD, we found a higher burden of all cardiovascular diseases in mixed and vascular dementia. Cerebrovascular diseases were more associated with DLB than with AD. Diabetes mellitus was less associated with PDD and DLB than with AD. Ischemic heart disease was less associated with PDD and FTD than AD. All cardiovascular diseases predicted death in patients with AD, mixed, and vascular dementia. Only ischemic heart disease significantly predicted death in DLB patients (HR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.16-2.55). In PDD patients, heart failure and diabetes mellitus were associated with a higher risk of death (HR = 3.06; 95% CI = 1.74-5.41 and HR = 3.44; 95% CI = 1.31-9.03). In FTD patients, ischemic heart disease and atrial fibrillation or flutter significantly predicted death (HR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.08-4.14 and HR = 3.15; 95% CI = 1.60-6.22, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our study highlights differences in the occurrence and prognostic significance of cardiovascular diseases in several dementia disorders. This has implications for the care and treatment of the different dementia disorders.

• MeSH
• Dementia complications   mortality   MeSH
• Cardiovascular Diseases complications   mortality   MeSH
• Cohort Studies MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Proportional Hazards Models MeSH
• Registries MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Sweden MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Crashes due to motorcyclists colliding with an open car door can cause devastating injuries. In Taiwan, such crashes typically occur when the motorcyclist is travelling alongside a row of parallel-parked cars, and a driver suddenly opens the door in front of or next to the motorcycle without determining whether it is safe to do so. Injuries resulting from motorcycle door crashes tend to be severe. This study examined the factors that contribute to motorcycle door crashes. METHODS: By using linked data from the National Traffic Crash Dataset and Emergency Medical Service for Taipei City for the years 2010-2015, this study estimated a mixed multinomial logit model to predict the likelihood of three types of door crashes: driver-door crashes, left passenger-door crashes, and right passenger-door crashes. RESULTS: Data on 8237 motorcycle door crashes were extracted from the two datasets and matched. The results from the mixed multinomial logit model revealed that illegal parking, older car occupants, teenage car occupants, intoxicated car occupants and motorcyclists, and motorcycle speeding contribute to driver-door crashes; and female passengers and taxis as the type of vehicle involved in crash are associated with left passenger-door crashes. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested that controlling motorcycle speed, and prosecuting illegal parking and drink driving/riding may constitute effective countermeasures. The "Dutch Reach" intervention measure, which is commonly adopted in Europe for bicycle door crashes, should be applied in Taiwan to curb motorcycle door crashes, especially for elderly car occupants.

• MeSH
• Automobiles statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Datasets as Topic MeSH
• Accidents, Traffic mortality   prevention & control   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Motorcycles statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Head Protective Devices statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Driving Under the Influence statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Age Factors MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Taiwan MeSH

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the differences between non-excessive, moderately excessive, and highly excessive internet use among adolescents. These differences were explored in terms of personal characteristics, psychological difficulties, environmental factors, and manner of internet use. METHODS: A representative sample was investigated, consisting of 18,709 adolescents aged 11-16 and their parents, from 25 European countries. Excessive internet use was measured using a five item scale covering following factors: salience, conflict, tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and relapse and reinstatement. The main data analysis utilised multinomial and binary logistic regression models. RESULTS: The vast majority of respondents reported no signs of excessive internet use. Moderately excessive users (4.4%) reported higher emotional and behavioural difficulties, but also more sophisticated digital skills and a broader range of online activities. The highly excessive users (1.4%) differed from the non-excessive and moderately excessive users in their preference for online games and in having more difficulties with self-control. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents who struggle with attention and self-control and who are inclined toward online gaming may be especially vulnerable to the otherwise uncommon phenomenon of excessive internet use.

• MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Adolescent Behavior psychology   MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Mental Health * MeSH
• Risk Assessment MeSH
• Internet utilization   MeSH
• Confidence Intervals MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Multivariate Analysis MeSH
• Behavior, Addictive * MeSH
• Odds Ratio MeSH
• Attention physiology   MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Self Concept MeSH
• Video Games statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Due to contradictory results of previous studies evaluating the association between ischemic stroke (IS) and thrombophilic polymorphisms, their routine screening in IS patients, particularly those older than 60 years, is not recommended. We evaluated the differences in the distribution of rs6025 and rs1799963 polymorphisms according to IS subtypes and their interaction with smoking. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study of 423 hospital-based consecutive survivors of their first-ever IS and 614 population-based controls. Survivors (18-81 years) with IS documented by brain imagining were examined at a median of 16 months after the index event. The stroke subtype was categorized using the Causative Classification of Stroke System. Controls (50-75 years) were free of a history of stroke/TIA, coronary heart disease, and venous thromboembolism. RESULTS: Age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of individuals carrying at least one copy of the rs1799963A minor allele was 5.3% among stroke survivors (by subtypes: 3.1% in large artery atherosclerosis, 2.0% in cardio-aortic embolism, 2.4% in small artery occlusion, and 10.3% in undetermined stroke) vs. 2.4% among controls. In multinomial multivariate adjusted analysis, rs1799963 was exclusively associated with undetermined stroke (OR: 3.67; 95% CI: 1.52-8.85; p = 0.004). There was strong evidence of rs1799963 × smoking synergistic interaction (OR: 5.14; 95% CI: 1.65-16.01; p = 0.005). There was no association of rs6025 with IS in general, or with any subtype. CONCLUSIONS: In our consecutive IS survivors, carriage of the rs1799963A allele is associated with undetermined stroke. This effect appears to be confined to smokers.

• MeSH
• Stroke diagnosis   epidemiology   genetics   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Phenotype MeSH
• Gene Frequency MeSH
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease MeSH
• Heterozygote MeSH
• Risk Assessment MeSH
• Homozygote MeSH
• Brain Ischemia diagnosis   epidemiology   genetics   MeSH
• Smoking adverse effects   epidemiology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Multivariate Analysis MeSH
• Odds Ratio MeSH
• Polymorphism, Genetic * MeSH
• Prevalence MeSH
• Prothrombin genetics   MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Chi-Square Distribution MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Case-Control Studies MeSH
• Thrombophilia blood   complications   diagnosis   epidemiology   genetics   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

• MeSH
• Multivariate Analysis MeSH

• Conspectus
• Statistika
• NML Fields
• statistika, zdravotnická statistika