This paper analyses the contemporary public debate about vaccination, and medical knowledge more broadly, in the context of social media. The study is focused on the massive online debate prompted by the Facebook status of the digital celebrity Mark Zuckerberg, who posted a picture of his two-month-old daughter, accompanied by a comment: 'Doctor's visit - time for vaccines!' Carrying out a qualitative analysis on a sample of 650 comments and replies, selected through systematic random sampling from an initial pool of over 10,000 user contributions, and utilising open and axial coding, we empirically inform the theoretical discussion around the concept of the reflexive patient and introduce the notion of multi-layered reflexivity. We argue that the reflexive debate surrounding this primarily medical problem is influenced by both biomedical and social scientific knowledge. Lay actors therefore discuss not only vaccination, but also its political and economic aspects as well as the post-truth information context of the debate. We stress that the reflexivity of social actors related to the post-truth era re-enters and influences the debate more than ever. Furthermore, we suggest that the interconnection of different layers of reflexivity can either reinforce certainty or deepen the ambiguity and uncertainty of reflexive agents.
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Social Media * MeSH
- Vaccination psychology MeSH
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- MeSH
- Adaptation, Psychological MeSH
- Depression diagnosis MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Crisis Intervention MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adjustment Disorders diagnosis etiology drug therapy therapy MeSH
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic diagnosis etiology drug therapy therapy MeSH
- Stress, Psychological * history diagnosis etiology physiopathology therapy MeSH
- Psychotherapy classification MeSH
- Truth Disclosure MeSH
- Sadness MeSH
- Grief MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Using data from four sites in three African countries, this community randomized study examined the association between childhood sexual and/or physical abuse (CSA and/or CPA) and HIV disclosure, HIV-related stigma, stress, and social support among adults with and without a history of abuse. A history of abuse among men was associated with higher levels of adult-reported stress and HIV-related stigma, and with significantly lower rates of HIV test result disclosure to current partners. Women with a history of CSA and/or CPA had significantly higher perceived stigma, discrimination and stress. Although childhood abuse was significantly associated with adult stress and stigmatization, participants with histories of CSA and/or CPA also reported significantly higher perceived social support compared to people without such experiences. These findings may reflect support received in response to disclosure of CSA or CPA or emotional ambivalence in relationships that have been found to be associated with child abuse. We conclude that it is critical for HIV prevention interventions to advocate for the primary prevention of child abuse, for early identification of adolescents and adults who report experiencing childhood abuse, and to address stigma and stress-related attitudinal, behavioral and relationship difficulties experiences as an aftermath of early abuse that increase their risk of HIV.
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Domestic Violence psychology statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Adult Survivors of Child Abuse psychology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- HIV Infections diagnosis prevention & control psychology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Substance-Related Disorders MeSH
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic psychology MeSH
- Prevalence MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Truth Disclosure * MeSH
- Sexual Behavior psychology MeSH
- Sexual Partners MeSH
- Child Abuse, Sexual psychology MeSH
- Social Support MeSH
- Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
- Social Stigma * MeSH
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Geographicals
- Africa MeSH
- Africa South of the Sahara MeSH
122 s. ; 20 cm
- MeSH
- Estrogen Replacement Therapy MeSH
- Hormone Replacement Therapy MeSH
- Hormones MeSH
- Menopause MeSH
- Gonadal Hormones MeSH
- Truth Disclosure MeSH
- Women's Health MeSH
- Publication type
- Popular Work MeSH
- Conspectus
- Gynekologie. Porodnictví
- NML Fields
- gynekologie a porodnictví
- endokrinologie
