Inhabitation of various types of bacteria on different surfaces causes vital health problems worldwide. In this work, a wound dressing defeating bacterial infection had been fabricated. The antibacterial effect of polycaprolactone and hydrophobic carbon quantum dots (hCQDs) based nanocomposite has been presented. The nanocomposite was fabricated both via solvent casting and electrospinning method. Nanocomposites with and without hCQDs had been investigated. A detailed study on their morphology and surface properties were performed by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Prepared nanocomposites had been evaluated by the contact angle, UV-Vis spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and antibacterial activity. It was found that nanocomposites were able to produce singlet oxygen upon blue light irradiation at 470 nm, and they were effective in the eradication of Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria.
The aim of this study was to develop benzydamine hydrochloride-loaded orodispersible films using the modification of a solvent casting method. An innovative approach was developed when the drying process of a small-scale production was used based on a heated inert base for casting the film. During this process, two types of film-forming maltodextrins for rapid drug delivery were used. They were plasticized with two different polyols (xylitol and sorbitol). Superdisintegrant Kollidon® CL-F was tested as an excipient that can induce faster disintegration of the prepared films. The influence of the formulation parameters (dextrose equivalent of film-forming maltodextrins, a type of plasticizer, and the presence of superdisintegrant) on the disintegration time, mechanical properties, and moisture content of films was statistically evaluated using a multivariate data analysis. Orodispersible films containing maltodextrin with lower dextrose equivalent value showed better mechanical properties (tensile strength ranged from 886.6 ± 30.2 to 1484.2 ± 226.9 N cm-2), lower moisture content (0.5 ± 0.0 to 1.2 ± 0.2%), and shorter disintegration time (17.6 ± 2.9 to 27.8 ± 2.8 s). Films plasticized with xylitol showed shorter disintegration time (17.6 ± 2.9 to 29.2 ± 3.8 s) than films containing sorbitol (23.8 ± 2.9 to 31.7 ± 3.9 s). With the addition of superdisintegrant Kollidon® CL-F, a significant influence on disintegration time was not observed. The modified solvent casting method shows great promise in a small-scale laboratory production of orodispersible films, e.g., in a pharmacy lab.
Cílem tohoto článku je poskytnout přehled o mukoadhezivních lékových formách aplikovaných do dutiny ústní, se zaměřením na inovativní formulace mukoadhezivních filmů z hlediska jejich výhod, složení, přípravy a praktického využití. Filmy složené z mukoadhezivních polymerů připravené některou ze zavedených metod (odpařování rozpouštědla, extruze taveniny atd.) mohou být perspektivními kandidáty pro orální aplikaci řady léčiv, především pro jejich flexibilitu a pohodlnost použití. K dalším výhodám této lékové formy patří prodloužení krátké doby setrvání konvenčních orálních lékových forem na sliznici a podání přesné dávky léčiva na místo aplikace. Kromě toho mohou také překrytím chránit a izolovat povrch slizniční léze, což napomáhá ke snížení bolestivosti a zlepšení účinnosti léčby.
This article aims to provide an overview about mucoadhesive dosage forms applied to the oral cavity, focusing on the innovative formulations of mucoadhesive films in terms of their advantages, composition, preparation and practical use. Films (patches) composed of mucoadhesive polymers prepared by any of the established methods (solvent casting, melt-extrusion, etc.) may be promising candidates for oral administration of many drugs, especially for their flexibility and convenience of use. Other advantages of these formulations include prolongation of a short retention time of conventional oral dosage forms to the mucosa and administration of precise doses of the drug to the application site. In addition, films are able to cover and protect the surface of mucosal lesions, which helps to reduce pain and improve the treatment efficacy.
- MeSH
- Administration, Oral MeSH
- Biofilms * MeSH
- Cell Adhesion MeSH
- Technology, Pharmaceutical MeSH
- Dosage Forms MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Surface Properties MeSH
- Solvents MeSH
- Mouth MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Oral mucosa is an attractive region for the local and systemic application of many drugs. Oral mucoadhesive films are preferred for their prolonged time of residence, the improved bioavailability of the drug they contain, their painless application, their protection against lesions, and their nonirritating properties. This work was focused on preparation of nonmedicated carmellose-based films using both solvent casting and impregnation methods, respectively. Moreover, a modern approach to evaluation of mucoadhesive films applying analysis of texture and subsequent multivariate data analysis was used. In this experiment, puncture strength strongly correlated with tensile strength and could be used to obtain necessary information about the mechanical film characteristics in films prepared using both methods. Puncture work and tensile work were not correlated in films prepared using the solvent casting method, as increasing the amount of glycerol led to an increase in the puncture work in thinner films. All measured texture parameters in films prepared by impregnation were significantly smaller compared to films prepared by solvent casting. Moreover, a relationship between the amount of glycerol and film thickness was observed, and a greater recalculated tensile/puncture strength was needed for an increased thickness in films prepared by impregnation.
Background: Rosuvastatin Calcium and Ezetimibe are used to control cholesterol level while Perindopril Erbumine is used to treat hypertension. Hepatic metabolism reduces the therapeutic effect of these drugs. Objective: Instant release buccal films (IRBFs) could possibly be a solution to this issue. The objective of the study was to formulate IRBFs of Rosuvastatin Calcium, Perindopril Erbumine and Ezetimibe using solvent casting technique. Methods: Polymers used to prepare IRBFs included hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E5), PEG 400 (as plasticizer) and Tween 80 (as surfactant). Solvent casting technique was used to fabricate the films, followed by their in-vitro analysis including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared evaluation (FTIR), In-vitro dissolution, In-vitro disintegration, stability tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), folding fortitude, thickness evaluation, surface pH, tensile strength, weight variation and percentage moisture content. Results: Optical microscopy as well as SEM analysis displayed that the surfaces of IRBFs were smooth with uniform mixing of ingredients. IRBFs disintegrated within 15 seconds while on dissolution they exhibited instant drug release i.e. 100% release in 2 minutes. Conclusions: The results show promising potential of IRBFs in drug delivery.
- Keywords
- bukální filmy, gravimetrie,
- MeSH
- Administration, Buccal * MeSH
- Biofilms drug effects MeSH
- Biomedical and Dental Materials analysis therapeutic use MeSH
- Ezetimibe administration & dosage MeSH
- Histological Techniques MeSH
- Hypercholesterolemia drug therapy MeSH
- Hypertension drug therapy MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Face pathology MeSH
- Perindopril administration & dosage MeSH
- Rosuvastatin Calcium administration & dosage MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- In Vitro Techniques MeSH
- Drug Liberation * MeSH
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Clinical Study MeSH
The direct tailoring of the size, composition, or number of layers belongs to the advantages of 3D printing employment in producing orodispersible films (ODFs) compared to the frequently utilized solvent casting method. This study aimed to produce porous ODFs as a substrate for medicated ink deposited by a 2D printer. The innovative semi-solid extrusion 3D printing method was employed to produce multilayered ODFs, where the bottom layer assures the mechanical properties. In contrast, the top layer provides a porous structure for ink entrapment. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol were utilized as film-forming polymers, glycerol as a plasticizer, and sodium starch glycolate as a disintegrant in the bottom matrix. Several porogen agents (Aeroperl® 300, Fujisil®, Syloid® 244 FP, Syloid® XDP 3050, Neusilin® S2, Neusilin® US2, and Neusilin® UFL2) acted as porosity enhancers in the two types of top layer. ODFs with satisfactory disintegration time were prepared. The correlation between the porogen content and the mechanical properties was proved. A porous ODF structure was detected in most samples and linked to the porogen content. SSE 3D printing represents a promising preparation method for the production of porous ODFs as substrates for subsequent drug deposition by 2D printing, avoiding the difficulties arising in casting or printing medicated ODFs directly.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Experimentální studie sledovala vlastnosti bukálních mukoadhezivních filmů (tloušťka, hmotnost, hmotnostní stejnoměrnost aobsah vlhkosti ve filmech) připravených metodou odpařování rozpouštědla. Filmy obsahovaly buď jeden mukoadhezivní polymer (hyaluronát sodný odvou různých molekulových hmotnostech nebo sodná sůl karboxymethylcelulosy), případně kombinaci uvedených polymerů. Jako nejdůležitější parametr hodnocení filmů se zvolil obsah vody v bukálních mukoadhezivních filmech. Obsah vody byl ovlivněn jak molekulovou hmotností hyaluronátu sodného, tak také poměrem jednotlivých mukoadhezivních polymerů ve složení bukálních filmů. Složení filmů ovlivňuje také ostatní kvalitativní parametry filmů.
Characteristics of the buccal mucoadhesive films (film thickness, film weight, uniformity of mass and moisture content) prepared by solvent casting method were tested in this experimental study. The formulations consisted either of one mucoadhesive polymer (sodium hyaluronate of two different molecular weights and sodium carboxymethylcellulose) or combinations thereof. On the basis of the aforementioned tests, it was determined that water content was influenced by the molecular weight of sodium hyaluronate as well as by the ratio of mucoadhesive polymers in the composition. The composition of the films influences also other tested parameters.
This research introduces a novel approach by incorporating various types of gelatins, including bovine, porcine, and fish skin, into polycaprolactone and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) using a solvent casting method. The films are evaluated for morphology, mechanical properties, thermal stability, biodegradability, hemocompatibility, cell adhesion, proliferation, and cytotoxicity. The results show that the incorporation of gelatins into the films alters their mechanical properties, with a decrease in tensile strength but an increase in elongation at break. This indicates that the films become more flexible with the addition of gelatin. Gelatin incorporation has a limited effect on the thermal stability of the films. The composites with the gelatin show higher biodegradability with the highest weight loss in the case of fish gelatin. The films exhibit high hemocompatibility with minimal hemolysis observed. The gelatin has a dynamic effect on cell behavior and promotes long-term cell proliferation. In addition, all composite films reveal exceptionally low levels of cytotoxicity. The combination of the evaluated parameters shows the appropriate level of biocompatibility for gelatin-based samples. These findings provide valuable insights for future studies involving gelatin incorporation in tissue engineering applications.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Zein is renewable plant protein with valuable film-forming properties that can be used as a packaging material. It is known that the addition of natural cross-linkers can enhance a film's tensile properties. In this study, we aimed to prepare antimicrobial zein-based films enriched with monolaurin, eugenol, oregano, and thyme essential oil. Films were prepared using the solvent casting technique from ethanol solution. Their physicochemical properties were investigated using structural, morphological, and thermal techniques. Polar and dispersive components were analyzed using two models to evaluate the effects on the surface free energy values. The antimicrobial activity was proven using a disk diffusion method and the suppression of bacterial growth was confirmed via a growth kinetics study with the Gompertz function. The films' morphological characteristics led to systems with uniform distribution of essential oils or eugenol droplets combined with a flat-plated structure of monolaurin. A unique combination of polyphenolic eugenol and amphiphilic monoglyceride provided highly stretchable films with enhanced barrier properties and efficiency against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and molds. The prepared zein-based films with tunable surface properties represent an alternative to non-renewable resources with a potential application as active packaging materials.
- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology MeSH
- Antifungal Agents pharmacology MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena drug effects MeSH
- Calorimetry, Differential Scanning MeSH
- Escherichia coli drug effects MeSH
- Eugenol pharmacology MeSH
- Laurates pharmacology MeSH
- Microscopy, Atomic Force MeSH
- Monoglycerides pharmacology MeSH
- Food Packaging * MeSH
- Oils, Volatile pharmacology MeSH
- Steam MeSH
- Permeability MeSH
- Surface Properties MeSH
- Wettability MeSH
- Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus drug effects MeSH
- Zein pharmacology MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Mucoadhesive films represent the most developed medical form of buccal application. Despite the intense focus on buccal film-based systems, there are no standardized methods for their evaluation, which limits the possibility of comparison of obtained data and evaluation of the significance of influence of formulation and process variables on properties of resulting films. The used principal component analysis, together with a partial least squares regression provided a unique insight into the effects of in vitro parameters of mucoadhesive buccal films on their in vivo properties and into interdependencies among the studied variables. In the present study eight various mucoadhesive buccal films based on mucoadhesive polymers (carmellose, polyethylene oxide) were prepared using a solvent casting method or a method of impregnation, respectively. An ethylcellulose or hydrophobic blend of white beeswax and white petrolatum were used as a backing layer. The addition of polyethylene oxide prolonged the in vivo film residence time (from 53.24±5.38-74.18±5.13 min to 71.05±3.15-98.12±1.75 min), and even more when combined with an ethylcellulose backing layer (98.12±1.75 min) and also improved the film's appearance. Tested non-woven textile shortened the in vivo film residence time (from 74.18±5.13-98.12±1.75 min to 53.24±5.38-81.00±8.47 min) and generally worsened the film's appearance. Mucoadhesive buccal films with a hydrophobic backing layer were associated with increased frequency of adverse effects.
- MeSH
- Adhesives administration & dosage chemistry metabolism MeSH
- Adhesiveness drug effects MeSH
- Administration, Buccal MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Multivariate Analysis MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium administration & dosage chemistry metabolism MeSH
- Mouth Mucosa drug effects metabolism MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
