We evaluated the prevalence and epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates in pigs during production cycle on a Czech farm with the history of previous use of ceftiofur. ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were obtained from rectal swabs from pigs of different age groups (suckling piglets, weaned piglets, growers and sows). Collected samples were directly cultivated on MacConkey agar with cefotaxime (2 mg l-1 ), whereas intestinal swabs of slaughtered pigs and surface swabs from pig carcasses were also pre-enriched in buffered peptone water without antimicrobials before the cultivation. Clonal relationship of selected isolates was determined by XbaI pulse-field gel electrophoresis and multi-locus sequence typing. The transferability of plasmids carrying blaCTX-M genes was tested by conjugation experiments. From all examined samples, 141 (43·7%, n = 323) were positive for ESBL-producing E. coli. All ESBL-producing isolates showed resistance to multiple antimicrobials and were positive for blaCTX-M genes. The blaCTX-M-1 was carried by conjugative IncN/ST1 plasmids (c. 40-45 kb) while the blaCTX-M-15 was located on conjugative F plasmids with F:18:A5:B1 formula (c. 165 kb). This study demonstrated the persistence of CTX-M-positive E. coli isolates 2 months after banner of ceftiofur usage and indicated possible risk of transmission of these isolates to humans via the food chain.
- MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Escherichia coli enzymologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- farmy MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli mikrobiologie patofyziologie veterinární MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- multilokusová sekvenční typizace MeSH
- nemoci prasat mikrobiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- plazmidy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- prasata růst a vývoj mikrobiologie MeSH
- proteiny z Escherichia coli genetika metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- chov MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- Herpesviridae fyziologie MeSH
- herpetické infekce genetika mortalita veterinární MeSH
- kapři genetika virologie MeSH
- náchylnost k nemoci veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ryb genetika mortalita virologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
AIM: The occurrence and epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in the environment of turkey farms in the Czech Republic were studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates were found on 8 (20%) of 40 turkey farms surveyed. A total of 200 environmental smears were examined, and a total of 25 ESBL-producing E. coli were isolated. These isolates were analysed using XbaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and divided into nine pulsotypes. Most of the isolates harboured the gene bla(SHV-12) on a 40-kb plasmid of the IncFII group with an identical EcoRV restriction profile. Indistinguishable or clonally related SHV-12-producing isolates belonging to the same pulsotypes were found at some unrelated farms. CONCLUSIONS: Widespread occurrence of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates with bla(SHV-12) carried on IncFII plasmids in meat production flocks in the Czech Republic was demonstrated. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Results indicate vertical transmission of ESBL-producing E. coli within the turkey production pyramid. The study shows the risk of multiresistant ESBL-producing bacteria and antibiotic-resistance genes being transmitted to humans via the food chain.
- MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika MeSH
- chov zvířat MeSH
- Escherichia coli enzymologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli epidemiologie genetika mikrobiologie MeSH
- krocani MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- maso mikrobiologie MeSH
- plazmidy MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- proteiny z Escherichia coli genetika MeSH
- pulzní gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
AIMS: To determine the presence of antibiotic-resistant faecal Escherichia coli in populations of wild mammals in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. METHODS AND RESULTS: Rectal swabs or faeces collected during 2006-2008 from wild mammals were spread on MacConkey agar and MacConkey agar containing 2 mg l(-1) of cefotaxime. From plates with positive growth, one isolate was recovered and identified as E. coli. Susceptibility to 12 antibiotics was tested using the disk diffusion method. Resistance genes, class 1 and 2 integrons and gene cassettes were detected in resistant isolates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) were further characterized by DNA sequencing, macrorestriction profiling and determination of plasmid sizes. Plasmid DNA was subjected to EcoRV digestion, transferability by conjugation and incompatibility grouping by multiplex PCR. The prevalence of resistant isolates was 2% in small terrestrial mammals (rodents and insectivores, n(E. coli) = 242), 12% in wild ruminants and foxes (n(E. coli) = 42), while no resistant isolates were detected in brown bears (n(E. coli) = 16). In wild boars (Sus scrofa) (n(E. coli) = 290), the prevalence of resistant isolates was 6%. Class 1 and 2 integrons with various gene cassettes were recorded in resistant isolates. From wild boars, five (2%, n(rectal smears) = 293) multiresistant isolates producing ESBL were recovered: one isolate with bla(CTX-M-1) + bla(TEM-1), three with bla(CTX-M-1) and one with bla(TEM-52b). The bla(CTX-M-1) genes were carried on approx. 90 kb IncI1 conjugative plasmids. CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic-resistant E. coli occurred in populations of wild mammals in various prevalences. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Wild mammals are reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant E. coli including ESBL-producing strains which were found in wild boars.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- divoká zvířata mikrobiologie MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků enzymologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- proteiny z Escherichia coli genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Sus scrofa mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
AIMS: To determine the presence of antibiotic-resistant faecal Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. in feral pigeons (Columba livia forma domestica) in the Czech Republic. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cloacal swabs of feral pigeons collected in the city of Brno in 2006 were cultivated for antibiotic-resistant E. coli. Resistance genes, class 1 and 2 integrons, and gene cassettes were detected in resistant isolates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The samples were also cultivated for enterococci. Species status of enterococci isolates was determined using repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR. Resistance genes were detected in resistant enterococci by PCR. E. coli isolates were found in 203 of 247 pigeon samples. Antibiotic resistance was recorded in three (1·5%, n(E. coli) =203) isolates. Using agar containing ciprofloxacin, 12 (5%, n(samples) =247) E. coli strains resistant to ciprofloxacin were isolated. No ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were detected. A total of 143 enterococci were isolated: Ent. faecalis (36 isolates), Ent. faecium (27), Ent. durans (19), Ent. hirae (17), Ent. mundtii (17), Ent. gallinarum (12), Ent. casseliflavus (12) and Ent. columbae (3). Resistance to one to four antibiotics was detected in 45 (31%) isolates. Resistances were determined by tetK, tetL, tetM, tetO, aac(6')aph(2''), ant(4')-Ia, aph(3')-IIIa, ermB, pbp5, vanA and vanC1 genes. CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic-resistant E. coli and Enterococcus spp. occurred in feral pigeons in various prevalences. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Feral pigeon should be considered a risk species for spreading in the environment antimicrobial resistant E. coli and enterococci.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- Columbidae mikrobiologie MeSH
- Enterococcus účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Zoonózy stále hrají významnou roli v humánní i veterinární medicíně. Jejich eradikace je obtížná a někteří autoři předpokládají, že jejich význam bude nadále narůstat. Mezi původce infekčních onemocnění přenosných ze zvířat na člověka patří také řada grampozitivních bakterií. Autoři se zaměřili na tři původce, kteří představují rizika ve třech rozdílných oblastech – alimentární infekce (Listeria monocytogenes), profesionální infekce (Streptococcus suis) a infekce chovatelů tzv. „pets“zvířat (Staphylococcus aureus a Staphylococcus intermedius). Práce analyzuje rizika infekce člověka z animálních zdrojů a stručně informuje o aktuálním výskytu původců u zvířat, případně živočišných surovin v regionu spádové oblasti Státního veterinárního ústavu Olomouc (Morava).
Zoonoses continue to play a signicant role in both human and veterinary medicine. Their eradication is difficult and some authors are convinced of their growing importance. Among the pathogens of infectious diseases transmissible from animals to man are several gram-positive bacteria. The authors focus on three agents that present a risk in three different areas - alimentary infections (Listeria monocytogenes), professional infections (Streptococcus suis) and infections of breeders of so-called „pet" animals (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus intermedius). The paper analyses the risk of human infections from animal sources and briefly informs on the present incidence of pathogens in animals and/or raw materials of animal origin in the catchment area of the State Veterinary Institute in Olomouc, Moravia.
- MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika chemie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- Salmonella typhimurium genetika izolace a purifikace účinky léků MeSH
- salmonelóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
