The process of platelet aggregation is often influenced by several factors including sex and age. A literature review confirmed the existence of sex-related differences in platelet aggregation. Although 68 out of 78 papers found such differences, there are still some controversies regarding these differences, which can be due to multiple factors (age, trigger, concomitant disease, sample handling, etc.). These outcomes are discussed in line with novel results obtained from a local study, in which blood samples from a total of 53 overall healthy women and men with ages ranging from 20 to 66 years were collected. Aggregation was induced with seven different triggers (ristocetin, thrombin receptor activating peptide 6 [TRAP-6], arachidonic acid [AA], platelet-activating factor 16 [PAF-16], ADP, collagen, or thromboxane A2 analog U-46619) ex vivo. In addition, three FDA-approved antiplatelet drugs (vorapaxar, ticagrelor, or acetylsalicylic acid [ASA]) were also tested. In general, women had higher aggregation responses to some agonists (ADP, TRAP), as well as lower benefit from inhibitors (ASA, vorapaxar). The aggregatory responses to AA and TRAP decreased with age in both sexes, while responses to ADP, U-46619, and PAF were affected by age only in women. In conclusion, more studies are needed to decipher the biological importance of sex-related differences in platelet aggregation in part to enable personalized antiplatelet treatment.
- MeSH
- adenosindifosfát farmakologie MeSH
- agregace trombocytů * MeSH
- Aspirin terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory agregace trombocytů * terapeutické užití MeSH
- kyselina 15-hydroxy-11 alfa,9 alfa-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienová farmakologie MeSH
- kyselina arachidonová farmakologie MeSH
- laktony farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- trombocyty MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
A polyphenol-rich diet has beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. However, dietary polyphenols generally have low bioavailability and reach low plasma concentrations. Small phenolic metabolites of these compounds formed by human microbiota are much more easily absorbable and could be responsible for this effect. One of these metabolites, 4-methylcatechol (4-MC), was suggested to be a potent anti-platelet compound. The effect of 4-MC was tested ex vivo in a group of 53 generally healthy donors using impedance blood aggregometry. The mechanism of action of this compound was also investigated by employing various aggregation inducers/inhibitors and a combination of aggregometry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. 4-MC was confirmed to be more potent than acetylsalicylic acid on both arachidonic acid and collagen-triggered platelet aggregation. Its clinically relevant effect was found even at a concentration of 10 μM. Mechanistic studies showed that 4-MC is able to block platelet aggregation caused by the stimulation of different pathways (receptors for the von Willebrand factor and platelet-activating factor, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, protein kinase C, intracellular calcium elevation). The major mechanism was defined as interference with cyclooxygenase-thromboxane synthase coupling. This study confirmed the strong antiplatelet potential of 4-MC in a group of healthy donors and defined its mechanism of action.
- MeSH
- fenoly MeSH
- imunologické testy * MeSH
- katecholy * farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- polyfenoly MeSH
- vyšetření funkce trombocytů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Background: Acupuncture has become a viable option for migraine prophylaxis in Europe; however, despite its wide use, more data on the short- and long-term cost-effectiveness are needed when considering the perspectives of a paying third-party, the patient, and of society in general. The aim was to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of adjuvant acupuncture to pharmacologic treatment vs pharmacologic treatment alone in migraine patients after a 3-month acupuncture course and a 6-month follow-up from all perspectives. Methods: The study involved an open-label randomized clinical trial of patients receiving acupuncture (n=42), and a waiting list control group (n=44). The number of migraine days during the last 28 days, as well as direct and indirect costs were considered. The trial was registered under DRKS00009803. Results: The total cost per patient reached €696 vs €285 after 3 months of acupuncture and €66 vs €132 in the acupuncture and control groups after a 6-month follow-up, respectively (P=0.071). The trends observed in effectiveness and costs from all perspectives are discussed. Conclusion: The inclusion of acupuncture in health care results beneficial mainly for its observed trend in reduced losses of productivity and income, with the latter often exceeding the costs of acupuncture treatment. As such, acupuncture may be recommended as an adjuvant treatment in migraine prophylaxis to standard pharmacotherapy.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Background: Adjuvant acupuncture for the symptomatic treatment of migraine reduces the frequency of headaches and may be at least similarly effective to treatment with prophylactic drugs. Methods: This article describes an open-label randomized controlled clinical trial with two groups: the intervention group (n=42) and the waiting-list control group (n=44). This study occurred at the Czech-Chinese Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Hospital Hradec Kralove between October 2015 and April 2017. Results: After 12 weeks of acupuncture, the number of migraine days was reduced by 5.5 and 2.0 days in the acupuncture and the waiting-list control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant inter-group difference of 2.0 migraine days (95% CI: -4 to -1). A significantly greater reduction in the number of migraine days per 4 weeks was reached at the end of the 6-month follow-up period in the acupuncture vs. control groups (Δ -4.0; 95% CI: -6 to -2). A statistically significant difference was observed in the number of responders to treatment (response defined as at least a 50% reduction in average monthly migraine day frequency) in the acupuncture vs waiting-list control groups (50% vs 27%; p<0.05) at the end of the intervention. A significantly greater percentage of responders to treatment was noted in the intervention vs control groups at the 6-month follow-up (81% vs 36%; p<0.001). Conclusion: Acupuncture can reduce symptoms and medication use, both short term and long term, as an adjuvant treatment in migraine prophylaxis in Czech patients.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
The aim of this study was to explore the changes in the adipokines leptin and adiponectin in obese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who underwent seven days of fasting and 21 days of low-calorie diet (LCD). The plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations were measured in 14 obese patients with T1DM at baseline, immediately after 7 days of fasting, and after 21 days of LCD. 13 non-obese patients with T1DM were studied only after an overnight fasting. Bioimpedance technique was used for determination of body composition. Obese T1DM patients lost 6.0 kg (6.0; 6.8) (median, 25 %; 75 %) and decreased their fat tissue after fasting and LCD. Plasma leptin in obese T1DM was significantly higher than in non-obese T1DM patients: 9.10 (5.06; 25.89) vs. 1.71 (1.12; 7.08) microg . l(-1) and transiently decreased immediately after fasting: 3.45 microg . l(-1) (1.47; 7.00), (P<0.05). Adiponectin/leptin ratio in obese T1DM was significantly lower than in non-obese T1DM patients: 0.67 (0.57; 1.49) vs. 3.50 (2.46; 6.30) . 10(3) and transiently increased immediately after fasting: 2.22 (1.26; 3.24) . 10(3), (P<0.05). We conclude that obese patients with T1DM are characterized by hyperleptinemia that is reduced by prolonged fasting, but only slightly affected by low calorie diet.
- MeSH
- adiponektin krev MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu krev komplikace dietoterapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- glukosa metabolismus MeSH
- glykemický clamp MeSH
- hmotnostní úbytek * MeSH
- kalorická restrikce MeSH
- kyseliny mastné neesterifikované krev MeSH
- leptin krev MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- obezita krev etiologie MeSH
- omezení příjmu potravy MeSH
- složení těla MeSH
- tuková tkáň patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
