Úvod: Podávanie kombinovaného lieku nirmatrelvir/ritonavir súbežne s kardiovaskulárnymi liekmi má množstvo liekových interakcií, ktoré môžu viesť k zlyhaniu farmakoterapie chronických ochorení. Pred indikáciou tohto lieku je preto nevyhnutné vyhodnotiť riziko interakcií, ktoré sa môžu vyskytnúť pri aktuálnej chronickej farmakoterapii. Cieľ: Identifikácia liekových interakcií nirmatrelviru/ritonaviru s liekmi užívanými na liečbu kardiovaskulárnych ochorení a diabetes mellitus 2. typu v chronickej farmakoterapii, zhodnotenie rizika potenciálnych liekových interakcií a sumarizácia klinicky významných interakcií a tým prispieť k zníženiu rizika nežiaducich účinkov farmakoterapie. Metodika: Štúdia prebiehala vo verejných lekárňach a na Infekčnej klinike Fakultnej nemocnice Nitra. Celkovo bolo 150 posudzovaných liekov v kombinácii s nirmatrelvirom/ritonavirom. Liekové interakcie sme overovali pomocou údajov v SmPC a liekových databáz Lexicomp a Liverpool COVID-19 drug interactions checker. Výsledky: Z celkového počtu posudzovaných liekov (N = 150) až 31,3 % vykazovalo interakcie rôznej závažnosti. Kardiovaskulárne lieky tvorili 35 % a antidiabetiká 4,7 %. 25 % liekových interakcií kardiovaskulárnych liekov vyžadovalo úpravu dávky alebo monitorovanie NÚL. 7,7 % bolo závažných interakcií, pri ktorých je daný liek kontraindikovaný, 67,3 % z posudzovaných liekov nevykazovalo žiadne klinicky významné interakcie. Pri 42,9 % antidiabetík je potrebné monitorovať klinický stav pre možný výskyt NÚL. Záver: Podávanie nirmatrelviru/ritonaviru je limitované vysokou prevalenciou liekových interakcií. Táto práca sumarizuje všetky klinicky významné interakcie a má prispieť k zníženiu rizika nežiaducich účinkov farmakoterapie v dôsledku interakcií.
Introduction: Co-administration of the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir with cardiovascular medications has a number of drug interactions that can lead to failure of pharmacotherapy for chronic diseases. It is therefore essential to evaluate the risk of interactions that may occur with current chronic pharmacotherapy before indicating this drug. Aim: To identify drug interactions of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir with medication for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in chronic pharmacotherapy, to assess the risk of potential drug-drug interactions, and to summarize clinically relevant interactions and thereby contribute to the reduction of the risk of adverse effects of pharmacotherapy. Methods: The study was performed in public pharmacies and at the Infectious Diseases Clinic of the University Hospital Nitra. A total of 150 drugs in combination with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were assessed. Drug interactions were validated using SmPC data and the Lexicomp and Liverpool COVID-19 drug interactions checker databases. Results: Of the total number of drugs assessed (N=150), 31.3% showed interactions of variably different severity. 35% of the drugs were cardiovascular and 4.7% antidiabetic drugs. Of the drug interactions, 25% required dose adjustment or monitoring of therapy, 7.7% were severe interactions in which the drug was contraindicated, and 67.3% showed no interactions. For 42.9% of antidiabetic drugs, patients' clinical status needs to be monitored for the possible occurrence of drug adverse events. Conclusion: Administration of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is limited by the high prevalence of drug-drug interactions. This paper summarizes all clinically relevant interactions and is intended to contribute to reducing the risk of adverse drug therapy effects due to interactions.
- Klíčová slova
- nirmatrelvir/ritonavir,
- MeSH
- antivirové látky * farmakologie klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- COVID-19 MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci * farmakoterapie klasifikace MeSH
- lékové interakce * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv klasifikace MeSH
- ritonavir farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
- tabulky MeSH
1. vydanie 263 stran : ilustrace (převážně barevné) ; 25 cm
Kniha je určená pre študentov a odborníkov primárne z radov farmaceutov, laborantov. Nevysvetľuje základné mechanizmy a princípy účinku jednotlivých liečiv, ale poskytuje interaktívny pohľad na racionálnu farmakoterapiu v podobe inšpiratívnych informácií, praktických cvičení, modelových situácii a iných zaujímavých úloh.
- MeSH
- farmaceutické služby MeSH
- farmakoterapie MeSH
- gastrointestinální nemoci terapie MeSH
- infekce dýchací soustavy MeSH
- péče orientovaná na pacienta MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
- NLK Obory
- farmacie a farmakologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
Spisulosine (1-deoxysphinganine) is a sphingoid amino alcohol isolated from the sea clams that showed potent antiproliferative activity against a broad spectrum of solid tumors but failed in clinical trials due to neurotoxicity. However, its structural similarity to other bioactive sphingoids, interesting mode of action, and appreciable potency against cancer cells make it a suitable lead for future anticancer drug development. The present study was conducted to elucidate mechanisms of the antiproliferative/cytotoxic effects of newly synthesized spisulosine analog homospisulosine (KP7). The evaluation was performed on cervical carcinoma cells, representing an in vitro model of one of the most common cancer types and a significant worldwide cause of women's cancer mortality. Treatment with homospisulosine (2.0 μM) for 24, 48, and 72 h significantly inhibited the growth of HeLa cells in vitro and induced apoptosis detectable by DNA fragmentation, externalization of phosphatidylserine, dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP. In addition, treating HeLa cells with spisulosine increased p27 and Bcl-2 on protein levels and phosphorylation of Bcl-2 on Ser70 residue. These results support the potential for spisulosine analogs represented here by homospisulosine for future therapeutic development.
- MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- fosforylace MeSH
- HeLa buňky MeSH
- karcinom * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protinádorové látky * farmakologie MeSH
- upregulace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
V článku ponúkame prehľad vplyvu folátu a kyseliny listovej na etiológiu vybraných ochorení, ako aj súčasný stav fortifikácie potravín na Slovensku a v krajinách s najväčším podielom produkcie fortifikovaných potravín. Folát a jeho syntentizovaná forma kyselina listová sú dôležitou zložkou zdravej, vyváženej stravy. Folát má významnú úlohu pri metabolizme buniek, syntéze DNA, RNA a proteínov. Príjem folátu je dôležitý z hľadiska profylaxie niektorých ochorení. Významnú úlohu zastáva v limitovaní prevalencie vrodených deformít neurálnej trubice, hyperhomocysteínémii, niektorých typov rakoviny či zmiernení prejavov Alzheimerovej choroby. Suplementácia nedostatku príjmu folátu v strave je zabezpečovaná fortifikáciou potravín.
In the article we offer an overview of the influence of folate and folic acid on the aetiology of selected diseases, as well as the current state of food fortification in Slovakia and countries with the largest share of fortified food production. Folate and its synthesized form of folic acid are an important component of a healthy, balanced diet. Folate plays an important role in cell metabolism, DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Folate intake is important for the prophylaxis of some diseases. It plays an important role in limiting the prevalence of congenital neural tube deformities, hyperhomocysteinaemia, certain types of cancer or in alleviating the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Supplementation of folate intake deficiency in the diet is ensured by food fortification.
BACKGROUND/AIM: A series of experiments on HeLa cells were conducted to provide new information concerning the anti-cancer properties of jaspine B hydrochloride (JBH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: HeLa cells treated with 0.5 μmol/l JBH for 24, 48, and 72 h underwent flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle, and measurement of phosphatidylserine externalization, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), casp-3 activation, cleavage of PARP, ceramide levels, aSMase activity, and Bcl-2 release. nSMase activity was measured by a colorimetric assay. Gene expression was determined by qRT-PCR. Immunocytochemistry was performed to detect p21 and p27 expression. RESULTS: JBH-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells associated with externalization of phosphatidylserine, reduced MMP, activation of casp-3, and cleavage of PARP as well as up-regulation of TNF-α, FasL, and casp-8. Significant increase in nSMase activity, ceramide levels, Bcl-2 release (predominantly in the inactive form), and pro-apoptotic nuclear localization of p21 and p27 were also detected. CONCLUSION: JBH-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells is associated with disrupted sphingolipid homeostasis resulting in increased ceramide levels.
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of the most common developmental disorders affecting movement and posture of the body, causing activity limitations and participation restrictions. The motor disorders of persons with CP are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, cognition, communication and perception. The symptoms of CP are very diverse and persons with CP are usually presented with a mixed type of symptoms. The non-progressive disturbances can be attributed to disorders that were developed during pregnancy, birth and/or infant stage. The aim of this study was to improve physicians' professional practice of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine for persons with cerebral palsy in order to improve their functionality, social and community integration, and to reduce activity limitations and/or participation restrictions. A systematic review of the literature including an 18-year period and consensus procedure by means of a Delphi process was performed and involved the delegates of all European countries represented in the Union of European Medical Specialists Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (UEMS PRM) Section. As the result of a Consensus Delphi procedure, 74 recommendations are presented together with the systematic literature review. The PRM physician's role for persons with cerebral palsy is to lead and coordinate the multiprofessional team, working in an interdisciplinary way. They should propose and manage the complex but individual PRM program developed in conjunction with other health professionals, medical specialists and importantly in agreement with the patient, their family and care giver. This should be, according to the specific medical diagnosis to improve patients' health, functioning, social and education status, considering all impairments, comorbidities and complications, activity limitations and participation restrictions. This evidence-based position paper is representing the official position of The European Union through the UEMS PRM Section and designates the professional role of PRM physicians in persons with cerebral palsy.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozková obrna * MeSH
- odborná praxe MeSH
- rehabilitační lékařství * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
The ability of horse chestnut extract (HCE) to induce contraction force in fibroblasts, a process with remarkable significance in skin repair, motivated us to evaluate its wound healing potential in a series of experiments. In the in vitro study of the ability of human dermal fibroblasts to form myofibroblast-like cells was evaluated at the protein level (Western blot and immunofluorescence). The in vivo study was conducted on male Sprague-Dawley rats with inflicted wounds (one open circular and one sutured incision) on their backs. Rats were topically treated with two tested HCE concentrations (0.1% and 1%) or sterile water. The control group remained untreated. The incisions were processed for wound tensile strength (TS) measurement whereas the open wounds were subjected to histological examination. On the in vitro level the HCE extract induced fibronectin-rich extracellular matrix formation, but did not induced α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) expression in dermal fibroblasts. The animal study revealed that HCE increased wound TS and improved collagen organization. In conclusion, the direct comparison of both basic wound models demonstrated that the healing was significantly increased following HCE, thus this extract may be found useful to improve healing of acute wounds. Nevertheless, the use of an experimental rat model warrants a direct extrapolation to the human clinical situation.
- MeSH
- Aesculus chemie MeSH
- extracelulární matrix účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- hojení ran účinky léků MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- myofibroblasty účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- pevnost v tahu MeSH
- regenerace MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie farmakologie MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Multiprofessional teamwork in physical and rehabilitation medicine (PRM) allows achieving patient-centered goals in accordance with the assumptions of the bio-psycho-social model of functioning. Team composition and methods of collaboration depend of the specificity of goals to be achieved, as well local contextual factors. International comparative studies on rehabilitation teamwork are lacking, despite data on how teams differ between countries are crucial for the process of harmonization of PRM practice across Europe. AIM: To compare models of collaboration within rehabilitation teams in Central Europe. DESIGN: A cross-sectional explorative study. SETTING: The data were collected in Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia between February and June 2018. POPULATION: PRM physicians. METHODS: An anonymous questionnaire inquiring of rehabilitation teamwork details was spread through national PRM societies, and other organizations associating PRM physicians. An ordered logit regression was applied to analyze the results. RESULTS: Responses were obtained from 455 respondents. Significant differences between the studied countries in the composition of rehabilitation teams and frequencies of team meetings were detected. In the analyzed population of PRM physicians, we found positive associations between the chance of participation in team meetings and working in a hospital, the amount of time devoted to PRM practice, and older age. The chance for patients and caregivers to participate in rehabilitation team meetings was correlated with PRM physician's hospital practice, activity as a PRM teacher, older age and devoting more time to PRM practice. Country specificities of rehabilitation team content were analyzed with regards to local economic, legal, and historical backgrounds, and availability of human resources. Underrepresentation of key professionals (e.g. occupational therapists, orthotists/prosthetists), inadequate distribution of professionals in healthcare and as well as outdated educational systems in some countries may affect the efficacy of the comprehensive care in rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: Central European countries differ in rehabilitation teamwork with regard to the contribution of professionals, meeting frequencies, and participation of patients and caregivers. Well-designed studies on teamwork models delineating ways to improve teamwork efficacy are in demand. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: Between-country diversity of rehabilitation team content should be considered while planning activities aimed at European harmonization of PRM practice.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezioborová komunikace * MeSH
- péče orientovaná na pacienta * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rehabilitační lékařství organizace a řízení MeSH
- týmová péče o pacienty * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Cieľ: Cieľom práce je určiť, ktorý spôsob chirurgickej liečby intervertebrálneho disku v krčnej chrbtici má väčší efekt na dizabilitu, funkčný stav a kvalitu života pacientov. Súbor a metodika: V tejto prospektívnej, konzekutívnej, klinickej štúdii sa porovnávala dizabilita, funkčný stav a kvalita života u skupiny 48 pacientov, ktorí podstúpili prednú cervikálnu discektómiu a implantáciu klietky – anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) so skupinou 40 pacientov, ktorí podstúpili prednú cervikálnu discektómiu a implantáciu dynamickej náhrady - dynamic cervical implant (DCI). Dysfunkcia krčnej chrbtice bola hodnotená prostredníctvom testu Neck Disability Index (NDI). Funkčný stav pacientov bol hodnotený pomocou Pulses Profilu a kvalita života bola hodnotená testom kvality života podľa Spitzera. Výsledky: Štatistickým vyhodnotením výsledkov dotazníka (NDI, Pulses a Spitzer) medzi porovnávanými skupinami pacientov sa nezistili žiadne významné rozdiely (p> 0,05). Dvanásť mesiacov po operácii skupina pacientov s ACDF a pacientov s DCI vykazovali signifikantne nižšiu mieru dizability, zvýšenie funkčného stavu a zlepšenie kvality života. Medzi týmito skupinami ale neboli štatisticky významné rozdiely. Záver: Obidve metódy chirurgickej liečby (ACDF a DCI) vykazujú po uplynutí dvanástich mesiacov od operácie porovnateľne pozitívny vplyv na dizabilitu, funkčný stav a kvalitu života pacientov, ktorí sa podrobili operácii medzistavcovej platničky krčnej chrbtice.
Objective: The purpose of this paper is to determine which surgical treatment method of intervertebral disc in the cervical spine has better effect on disability, functional status and quality of life of patients. Sample and methods: In this prospective, consecutive, clinical study, we compare disability, functional status, and quality of life in a group of 48 patients who underwent anterior cervical discectomy and implantation of a Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Cage (ACDF), and a group of 40 patients who underwent anterior cervical discectomy and Dynamic Cervical Implant (DCI) arthroplasty. Dysfunction of the cervical spine was assessed according to the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Functional status of patients was evaluated by Pulses Profile and quality of life was evaluated by the Test of Quality of Life according to Spitzer. Results: Statistical evaluation of the questionnaire results (NDI, Pulses and Spitzer) between the compared groups of patients found no significant differences (p>0.05). Twelve months post-surgery the group of ACDF patients and the patients with DCI displayed reduced disability, increased functional status, and improved quality of life. However, there were no significant differences between these groups. Conclusion: The use of both methods of the surgical treatment (ACDF and DCI) for the period of twelve months show comparably positive effect on disability, functional status, and quality of life in patients who underwent intervertebral disc surgery in the cervical spine.
- Klíčová slova
- umělá náhrada ploténky,
- MeSH
- artroplastika metody MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály terapeutické užití MeSH
- diskektomie metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- krční obratle chirurgie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- meziobratlová ploténka * chirurgie MeSH
- neurochirurgické výkony * metody MeSH
- páteř chirurgie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is the most common type of musculoskeletal pain, thus it is one of the most commonly encountered conditions in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. The physicians who are primarily responsible for the nonsurgical management of LBP are physiatrists. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate the approaches of physiatrists to low back pain across Europe. Preferences, tendencies, and priorities in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of LBP, as well as the epidemiological data pertaining to LBP in PRM practice were evaluated in this Europe-wide study. METHODS: The study was conducted under the control of the European Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ESPRM) Musculoskeletal Disorders Research Committee. A total of 576 physiatrists from most European countries participated in the survey. RESULTS: The results show that physiatrists frequently deal with patients with LBP in their daily practice. Most patients are not referred to other departments and are treated with various conservative methods. Less than one-fifth of patients are primarily referred for surgery. The physiatrists believe that a clear diagnosis to account for cases of low back pain is rarely established. The most common diagnosis is discopathy. History and physical examination remain the most valuable clinical evaluation tools for low back pain according to physiatrists. Less than half the patients require a magnetic resonance imaging. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most commonly prescribed drugs for low back pain. Exercise, back care information, and physical therapy are the preferred conservative treatments. More than half of the physiatrists offer interventional treatments to patients with low back pain. CONCLUSION: The present study is a preliminary report that presents the attitudes of European physiatrists in the management of low back pain. Further researches are warranted to standardize the conservative management of LBP.
- MeSH
- anamnéza MeSH
- antiflogistika nesteroidní terapeutické užití MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fyzikální vyšetření MeSH
- konziliární vyšetření a konzultace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lumbalgie terapie MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rehabilitační lékaři * MeSH
- techniky fyzikální terapie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
