Personality traits influence risk for suicidal behavior. We examined phenotype- and genotype-level associations between the Big Five personality traits and suicidal ideation and attempt in major depressive, bipolar and schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia patients (N = 3012) using fixed- and random-effects inverse variance-weighted meta-analyses. Suicidal ideations were more likely to be reported by patients with higher neuroticism and lower extraversion phenotypic scores, but showed no significant association with polygenic load for these personality traits. Our findings provide new insights into the association between personality and suicidal behavior across mental illnesses and suggest that the genetic component of personality traits is unlikely to have strong causal effects on suicidal behavior.
- MeSH
- depresivní porucha unipolární * psychologie MeSH
- duševní zdraví MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osobnost genetika MeSH
- sebevražedné myšlenky * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- charakteristické znaky člověka MeSH
- inteligence MeSH
- kreativita * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osobnost fyziologie genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- novinové články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Rhesus-positive and rhesus-negative persons differ in the presence-absence of highly immunogenic RhD protein on the erythrocyte membrane. This protein is a component of NH(3) or CO(2) pump whose physiological role is unknown. Several recent studies have shown that RhD positivity protects against effects of latent toxoplasmosis on motor performance and personality. It is not known, however, whether the RhD phenotype modifies exclusively the response of the body to toxoplasmosis or whether it also influences effects of other factors. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In the present cohort study, we searched for the effects of age and smoking on performance, intelligence, personality and self-estimated health and wellness in about 3800 draftees. We found that the positive effect of age on performance and intelligence was stronger in RhD-positive soldiers, while the negative effect of smoking on performance and intelligence was of similar size regardless of the RhD phenotype. The effect of age on four Cattell's personality factors, i.e., dominance (E), radicalism (Q(1)), self-sentiment integration (Q(3)), and ergic tension (Q(4)), and on Cloninger's factor reward dependency (RD) was stronger for RhD-negative than RhD-positive subjects, while the effect of smoking on the number of viral and bacterial diseases was about three times stronger for RhD-negative than RhD-positive subjects. CONCLUSIONS: RhD phenotype modulates the influence not only of latent toxoplasmosis, but also of at least two other potentially detrimental factors, age and smoking, on human behavior and physiology. The negative effect of smoking on health (estimated on the basis of the self-rated number of common viral and bacterial diseases in the past year) was much stronger in RhD-negative than RhD-positive subjects. It is critically needed to confirm the differences in health response to smoking between RhD-positive and RhD-negative subjects by objective medical examination in future studies.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- inteligence genetika MeSH
- kouření genetika MeSH
- krevní skupiny - systém Rh-Hr genetika metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- osobnost genetika MeSH
- ozbrojené síly * MeSH
- psychomotorický výkon * MeSH
- toxoplazmóza genetika MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Dopamine receptors control neural signals that modulates behavior. Dopamine plays an important role in normal attention; that is the reason for studying the genes of the dopaminergic system, mainly in connection with disorders of attention. DRD4 influences the postsynaptic action of dopamine and is implicated in many neurological processes, exhibits polymorphism and is one of the most studied genes in connection with psychiatric disorders. Associations were found with ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), substance dependences, several specific personality traits, and reaction to stress. These findings have implications for pharmacogenetics. This article reviews the principle published associations of DRD4 variants with psychiatric disorders.
- Klíčová slova
- karcinom prsu, depresivní osobnost, nádorová osobnost,
- MeSH
- deprese patologie MeSH
- hodnotící studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory etiologie MeSH
- osobnost genetika MeSH
- pacienti psychologie MeSH
- psychický stres MeSH
- psychoonkologie MeSH
- psychosomatické lékařství MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Funkční i strukturální zobrazovací metody umožňují zkoumat vztah neuronálních systémů mozku a inteligence, podobně jako jejich vztah k osobnosti, zaměřený zejména na rozměry extraverze a neuroticismus. Článek je stručným přehledem současného poznání.
The advent of functional neuroimaging methods has given us a unique opportunity to analyze brain correlation to personality and intelligence. Personality characteristics describe distinctive and recurrent patterns of thoughts, feelings, and actions that occur in response to particular situational demands. Modern functional neuroimaging methods map the specific human brain regions associated with some dimensions of personality, e.g. extraversion and neuroticism. A short review of functional and structural neuroimaging paradigms reports brain-intelligence correlation too.
- MeSH
- charakter MeSH
- charakteristické znaky člověka MeSH
- chování a mechanismy chování fyziologie MeSH
- diagnostické zobrazování metody využití MeSH
- inteligence fyziologie genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mapování mozku metody MeSH
- nervová síť fyziologie MeSH
- neurobehaviorální symptomy MeSH
- osobnost fyziologie genetika MeSH
- psychologické modely MeSH
- temperament fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
