• MeSH
• Empathy MeSH
• Communication MeSH
• Urinary Bladder Diseases psychology   MeSH
• Stress, Psychological MeSH
• Nurse's Role psychology   MeSH
• Nurse-Patient Relations MeSH

Východiska: Akutní mozkový infarkt (acute cerebral infarction; ACI) je časté cerebrovaskulární onemocnění charakterizované akutním nástupem a závažným stavem. Cíl: Naším cílem bylo posoudit vliv empatie a psychologické intervence win-win na ošetřovatelskou péči o pacienty s ACI v důsledku psychického stresu a vliv různých způsobů zvládání stresu. Metody: Pacienti s ACI (n = 50), kteří byli od června 2021 do prosince 2022 podrobeni rutinní ošetřovatelské intervenci, byli zařazeni do kontrolní skupiny, zatímco pacienti (n = 50), kteří byli od ledna 2023 do června 2024 podrobeni rutinní ošetřovatelské intervenci kombinované s empatií a psychickou intervencí win-win, byli zařazeni do studijní skupiny. Výsledky: Studijní skupina měla vyšší skóre v dimenzi konfrontace, ale nižší skóre v dimenzích vyhýbání se a rezignace než kontrolní skupina (p < 0,05). Skóre General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) se zvýšilo, zatímco skóre Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) se snížilo ve srovnání s hodnotami před intervencí v obou skupinách. Studijní skupina měla vyšší skóre GSES, ale nižší skóre FoP-Q-SF než kontrolní skupina (p < 0,05). Skóre Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale se v obou skupinách zvýšilo ve srovnání s hodnotami před intervencí (p < 0,05). Závěr: Empatie a psychologická intervence win-win mohou zmírnit psychický stres pacientů s ACI a jejich příbuzných a zlepšit způsoby, jak pacienti zvládají situaci.

Background: Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is a common cerebrovascular disease characterized by acute onset and severe condition. Aim: We aimed to assess the effect of empathy and win- -win psychological intervention on the nursing of patients with ACI based on psychological stress and coping styles. Methods: ACI patients (N = 50) who were given routine nursing intervention from June 2021 to December 2022 were enrolled as a control group, while patients (N = 50) who were given routine nursing intervention combined with empathy and win-win psychological intervention from January 2023 to June 2024 were enrolled as a study group. Results: The study group had a higher score in the confrontation dimension, but lower scores in the avoidance and resignation dimensions than those from the control group (P < 0.05). The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) score increased, while the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) score decreased in both groups compared with those before intervention. The study group had a higher GSES score, but a lower FoP-Q-SF score than those from the control group (P < 0.05). The Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale score increased in both groups compared with that before intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Empathy and win-win psychological intervention can alleviate the psychological stress in ACI patients and their relatives, improve patients‘ coping styles.

• Keywords
• psychologická intervence,
• MeSH
• Empathy MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Brain Infarction * nursing   psychology   MeSH
• Nursing MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Resilience, Psychological MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

Adolescentní vývojové období představuje etapu přechodu od dětství do dospělosti. Tento proces je ovlivňován biologickými změnami i psychosociálními vlivy, které vyplývají z rodiny, vrstevnického prostředí a širších sociokulturních okolností. Adolescenti stojí před vývojovými úkoly směrem k dosažení vlastní autonomie a nalezení „svého místa na slunci“. Vývojové komplikace se mohou projevit zejména v emočně nestabilním prožívání, narcistické nerovnováze a nestabilitě blízkých vztahů, autodestruktivním chováním. Spektrum potíží je na jednom konci možné popsat jako běžnou adolescentní nestabilitu (adolescentní krizi), na druhém konci jako poruchový vývoj osobnosti, který již lze klinicky popsat jako emočně nestabilní – hraniční poruchu osobnosti. Větší zastoupení adolescentních dívek v oblasti těchto potíží bývá spojováno s časným biologickým dospíváním, vlivem sociálních sítí a norem, které prezentují, traumatizací v blízkých vztazích. Současné přístupy pohlížejí optimističtěji na možné pozitivní změny v průběhu dalšího vývoje v dospělosti a snaží se o vytvoření specifických psychoterapeutických programů pro tyto pacienty. Přístup dětských lékařů, zaměřený na rodinu adolescenta a zvládající obtíže v komunikaci s nimi, může výrazně pomoci – podpořit rodinu a motivovat k další psychiatrické a psychoterapeutické péči.

The adolescent developmental period represents a stage of transition from childhood to adulthood. This process is influenced by biological changes and psychosocial influences resulting from the family, peer environment and broader sociocultural circumstances. Adolescents face developmental tasks towards achieving their own autonomy and finding their “place in the sun”. Developmental complications can manifest themselves in particular in emotionally unstable experiences, narcissistic imbalance and instability of close relationships, and self-destructive behavior. The spectrum of problems can be described at one end of the spectrum as common adolescent instability (adolescent crisis), at the other end of the spectrum as disordered personality development, which can already be clinically described as emotionally unstable – borderline personality disorder. The greater representation of adolescent girls in the area of ​​these problems is often associated with early biological puberty, the influence of social networks and the norms they present, and traumatization in close relationships. Current approaches are more optimistic about possible positive changes during further development in adulthood and try to create specific psychotherapeutic programs for these patients. The approach of pediatricians, focused on the family of an adolescent with difficulties in managing communication with them, can be of significant help – supporting the family and motivating them to further psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care.

• Keywords
• emoční nestabilita,
• MeSH
• Emotional Adjustment * MeSH
• Borderline Personality Disorder MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Psychotherapy MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Adolescent Development * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Surgery Department, Hospital organization & administration   MeSH
• Motivation MeSH
• Job Satisfaction MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Health Workforce MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Publication type
• závěrečné práce

• MeSH
• Interpersonal Relations MeSH
• Motivation MeSH
• Personnel Management MeSH
• Job Satisfaction MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Nurses MeSH

• Conspectus
• Vývojová psychologie. Individuální psychologie
• NML Publication type
• závěrečné práce

• MeSH
• Interpersonal Relations MeSH
• Communication MeSH
• Education, Nursing, Continuing MeSH
• Motivation MeSH
• Job Satisfaction MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Education, Professional MeSH

• Conspectus
• Management. Řízení
• NML Publication type
• závěrečné práce

• Keywords
• hodnotící nástroje,
• MeSH
• Motivation MeSH
• Personnel Management methods   MeSH
• Job Satisfaction MeSH
• Work Performance MeSH
• Social Welfare MeSH
• Employee Performance Appraisal MeSH

• Conspectus
• Management. Řízení
• NML Publication type
• závěrečné práce

• MeSH
• Interpersonal Relations MeSH
• Communication MeSH
• Motivation MeSH
• Allied Health Occupations MeSH
• Job Satisfaction MeSH
• Burnout, Professional MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH

• Conspectus
• Management. Řízení
• NML Publication type
• závěrečné práce

Accelerated epigenetic aging has been associated with changes in cognition. However, due to the lack of neuroimaging epigenetics studies, it is still unclear whether accelerated epigenetic. Aging in young adulthood might underlie the relationship between altered brain dynamics and cognitive functioning. We conducted neuroimaging epigenetics follow-up of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) prenatal birth cohort in young adulthood and tested the possible mediatory role of accelerated epigenetic aging in the relationship between dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) and worse cognition. A total of 240 young adults (51% men; 28-30 years, all of European ancestry) participated in the neuroimaging epigenetics follow-up. Buccal swabs were collected to assess DNA methylation and calculate epigenetic aging using Horvath's epigenetic clock. Full-scale IQ was assessed using the Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was acquired using a 3T Siemens Prisma MRI scanner, and DFC was assessed using mixture factor analysis, revealing information about the coverage of different DFC states. In women (but not men), lower coverage of DFC state 4 and thus lower frequency of epochs with high connectivity within the default mode network and between default mode, fronto-parietal, and visual networks was associated with lower full-scale IQ (AdjR2 = 0.05, std. beta = 0.245, p = 0.008). This relationship was mediated by accelerated epigenetic aging (ab = 7.660, SE = 4.829, 95% CI [0.473, 19.264]). In women, accelerated epigenetic aging in young adulthood mediates the relationship between altered brain dynamics and cognitive functioning. Prevention of cognitive decline should target women already in young adulthood.

• MeSH
• Default Mode Network * diagnostic imaging   physiology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Epigenesis, Genetic * physiology   MeSH
• Intelligence * physiology   MeSH
• Cognition * physiology   MeSH
• Connectome * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
• DNA Methylation MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Brain * diagnostic imaging   physiology   MeSH
• Nerve Net * diagnostic imaging   physiology   MeSH
• Aging * physiology   genetics   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Numerous studies have now documented that athletes of different competition levels vary in their motivational styles. Some are internally motivated and train to be better based on intrinsic values, whereas others are controlled by external pressures that drive performance. A third style does not make causal attributions regarding their performance and are amotivated. In the current study, we used latent profile analysis to examine unique typologies of sports motivation in 456 Czech university students comprised of both recreational and more elite athletes participating in various sports and attending a sport education program. Four qualitatively distinct profiles were distinguished varying in the composition of intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation. The four profiles differed in their mean levels of social physique anxiety, global self-esteem, and physical self-worth, three markers of how a person feels about themselves in terms of normative standards. Multiple group comparisons based on gender, individual versus team sports, and level of competition reinforced relative consistency in profile composition. Results are discussed in terms of how people can blend different motivational styles, what this portends for self-beliefs, and whether there is relative consistency across meaningful groups.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Motivation * MeSH
• Body Image MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Self Concept MeSH
• Athletes * psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sports * psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Students * psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Universities statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH