Ten Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected in a Czech hospital carried blaKPC-positive plasmids of different sizes (∼30, ∼45, and ∼80 kb). Sequencing revealed three types of plasmids (A to C) with the Tn4401a transposon. Type A plasmids comprised an IncR backbone and a KPC-2-encoding multidrug resistance (MDR) region. Type B plasmids were derivatives of type A plasmids carrying an IncN3-like segment, while type C plasmids were IncP6 plasmids sharing the same KPC-2-encoding MDR region with type A and B plasmids.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Citrobacter freundii účinky léků enzymologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- enterobakteriální infekce farmakoterapie epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků enzymologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- izoenzymy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- karbapenemy terapeutické užití MeSH
- Klebsiella pneumoniae účinky léků enzymologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- Morganella morganii účinky léků enzymologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- otevřené čtecí rámce MeSH
- plazmidy chemie klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- transpozibilní elementy DNA MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence and diversity of IncX plasmids with antibiotic resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae and to identify the most disseminated lineages of the plasmid family. METHODS: IncX plasmids were screened in 1894 Enterobacteriaceae isolates resistant to cefotaxime (2 mg/L) or with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (0.05 mg/L) obtained from various sources in five continents using PCR. IncX plasmid-harbouring isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF or biochemical tests, and screened for antibiotic resistance genes using PCR and sequencing; their clonality was determined by PFGE. Horizontal transfer of plasmids was tested using transformation and conjugation. IncX plasmids were characterized by S1-nuclease and PFGE, RFLP and hybridization. RESULTS: A total of 164 Escherichia coli isolates (8.7%, n = 1894) carried at least one IncX subgroup. Seven isolates harboured two distinct subgroups. IncX1 subgroup was found in 93 isolates, followed by IncX2 (35 isolates), IncX4 (28) and IncX3 (15). IncX4 plasmids were not transferred horizontally as single plasmids and therefore excluded from further analysis. The most disseminated lineages of IncX plasmids included IncX1 harbouring qnrS1 and blaTEM-1,-135 found in 36 E. coli from different sources in Europe and Australia and IncX2 carrying qnrS1 and tet(A) detected in nine E. coli from wildlife in Europe. IncX3 plasmids harboured predominantly blaSHV-12 and qnrS1 or qnrB7. CONCLUSIONS: IncX plasmids were widely distributed in E. coli from wildlife in Europe and were predominantly associated with fluoroquinolone resistance genes. Plasmids showing indistinguishable restriction profiles were identified in E. coli from different sources and countries suggesting wide dissemination of certain plasmid lineages.
- MeSH
- bakteriální geny * MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence * MeSH
- bakteriální transformace MeSH
- beta-laktamy farmakologie MeSH
- celosvětové zdraví MeSH
- divoká zvířata MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fluorochinolony farmakologie MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- konjugace genetická MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární typizace MeSH
- plazmidy analýza klasifikace MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- přenos genů horizontální MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- pulzní gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This study concerned the occurrence of fecal bacteria with plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in rooks (Corvus frugilegus, medium-sized corvid birds) wintering in continental Europe during winter 2010/2011. Samples of fresh rook feces were taken by cotton swabs at nine roosting places in eight European countries. Samples were transported to one laboratory and placed in buffered peptone water (BPW). The samples from BPW were enriched and subcultivated onto MacConkey agar (MCA) supplemented with ciprofloxacin (0.06 mg/L) to isolate fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria. DNA was isolated from smears of bacterial colonies growing on MCA and tested by PCR for PMQR genes aac(6')-Ib, qepA, qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, and oqxAB. All the PCR products were further analyzed by sequencing. Ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria were isolated from 37% (392 positive/1,073 examined) of samples. Frequencies of samples with ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates ranged significantly from 3% to 92% in different countries. The qnrS1 gene was found in 154 samples and qnrS2 in 2 samples. The gene aac(6')-Ib-cr was found in 16 samples. Thirteen samples were positive for qnrB genes in variants qnrB6 (one sample), qnrB18 (one), qnrB19 (one), qnrB29 (one), and qnrB49 (new variant) (one). Both the qnrD and oqxAB genes were detected in six samples. The genes qnrA, qnrC, and qepA were not found. Wintering omnivorous rooks in Europe were commonly colonized by bacteria supposedly Enterobacteriaceae with PMQR genes. Rooks may disseminate these epidemiologically important bacteria over long distances and pose a risk for environmental contamination.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- Enterobacteriaceae genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- enterobakteriální infekce epidemiologie mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- fluorochinolony farmakologie MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- nemoci ptáků epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- plazmidy klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce veterinární MeSH
- protein - isoformy klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- proteiny z Escherichia coli klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- vrány mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Complete sequences for two plasmids associated with two strains of "Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris" have been obtained. The plasmid named pPARG1 was found in Rehmannia glutinosa L. associated with phytoplasma classified in the 16Sr I-C subgroup. Plasmid pPABN1 was from phytoplasma associated with infected winter oilseed rape and classified in the 16Sr I-B subgroup. The plasmids pPARG1 (4371 nt) and pPABN1 (3529 nt) have high A+T content of about 75%, similar to that of phytoplasma genomes. Six and five open reading frames longer than 100 amino acids and organized on the same strand were recognized on pPARG1 and pPABN1, respectively. A segment about 1.6 kbp long sharing high sequence identity with the Onion yellows phytoplasma genome was found in pPABN1.
- MeSH
- Brassica napus mikrobiologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- interakce hostitele a patogenu MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- nemoci rostlin mikrobiologie MeSH
- otevřené čtecí rámce MeSH
- Phytoplasma genetika patogenita MeSH
- plazmidy klasifikace genetika MeSH
- Rehmannia genetika mikrobiologie MeSH
- rostliny mikrobiologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- antibiotická rezistence MeSH
- fágy salmonel genetika izolace a purifikace klasifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plazmidy fyziologie izolace a purifikace klasifikace MeSH
- Salmonella enteritidis klasifikace účinky léků virologie MeSH
- salmonelóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plazmidy genetika klasifikace MeSH
- restrikční endonukleasy typu II MeSH
- Salmonella enteritidis genetika klasifikace patologie MeSH
- salmonelová infekce u zvířat mikrobiologie MeSH
- techniky typizace bakterií MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
