Metabolic syndrome and its components such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM-T2), and arterial hypertension are unequivocally serious problems for every society. This is especially true in economically developed countries where the imbalance in lifestyle between caloric intake and caloric output still gets greater and greater. This fact is not only a concern for the adult population but for children as well. However, metabolic syndrome does not only affect society and health in regards to cardiovascular diseases, it significantly concerns gastroenterology where it is classified as nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD). The data gained from several trials show that the prevalence of NAFDP is 33% (95% CI 24-41%). When it comes to the diagnostic procedures concerning the presence of pancreatic fat, a whole spectrum of suitable methods are recommended. Probably, the most exact method is the use of magnetic resonance imaging. However, for common clinical practice, the abdominal sonographic examination based on the comparison of the pancreatic parenchymatous echogenity versus renal or hepatic echogenity is used. The clinical consequences of pancreatic steatosis and steatopancreatitis are significant. These diseases are connected with DM-T2 and insulin resistance. In recent years, changes of exocrine pancreatic function, particularly its decrease, have also been described. It is known that there is a close correlation between NAFPD and nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis and also with the increased thickness of aortic intima-media. There is also an important relationship between NAFPD and pancreatic carcinoma. Pancreatic steatosis, and especially its NAFPD form, is a serious state which can be treatable by the possible effective management of metabolic syndrome parameters, including obesity.

• MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiota MeSH
• nealkoholová steatóza jater komplikace   diagnóza   mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• nemoci slinivky břišní diagnóza   epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• obezita komplikace   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Immunologically mediated liver diseases belong to the common extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease. We have reviewed the current literature that addresses the association between celiac disease and liver disorders. We searched relevant articles on MEDLINE/PubMed up to 15 June 2018. The objective of the article is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review on the latest hypotheses explaining the pathogenetic relationship between celiac disease and liver injury. Besides the involvement of gut⁻liver axis, tissue transglutaminase antibodies, and impairment of intestinal barrier, we integrate the latest achievements made in elucidation of the role of gut microbiota in celiac disease and liver disorders, that has not yet been sufficiently discussed in the literature in this context. The further objective is to provide a complete clinical overview on the types of liver diseases frequently found in celiac disease. In conclusion, the review highlights the clinical implication, recommend a rational approach for managing elevated transaminases in celiac patients, and underscore the importance of screening for celiac disease in patients with associated liver disease.

• MeSH
• autoimunita * MeSH
• autoimunitní hepatitida dietoterapie   epidemiologie   imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• autoprotilátky imunologie   MeSH
• bezlepková dieta MeSH
• celiakie dietoterapie   epidemiologie   imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• dysbióza MeSH
• játra imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nealkoholová steatóza jater dietoterapie   epidemiologie   imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• nedostatek vitaminu D epidemiologie   imunologie   MeSH
• permeabilita MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• proteiny vázající GTP imunologie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• střeva imunologie   MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra MeSH
• střevní sliznice metabolismus   MeSH
• transglutaminasy imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• celiakie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• idiopatické střevní záněty * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kolorektální nádory mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiota * MeSH
• nealkoholová steatóza jater mikrobiologie   MeSH
• probiotika * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra * MeSH
• syndrom dráždivého tračníku mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH