- MeSH
- agrese psychologie MeSH
- demence psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pečovatelské domovy * MeSH
- psychomotorický neklid psychologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- syndrom MeSH
- terminologie jako téma * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- úvodníky MeSH
Kazuistika přináší poznatky z praxe o příznacích autizmu v dětském věku a ukazuje na nezbytnost medikovat tyto pacienty zavedeným způsobem léčby, a tím poskytnout pomocnou ruku rodičům v péči o takto nemocné dítě. Uvádí stručný přehled projevů a možnosti léčby u desetileté pacientky s dětským autizmem a přidruženou mentální retardací.
The case report presents knowledge from the practice of the symptoms of autism in childhood and highlights the need to medicate these patients with an established method of treatment, thus giving the parents a helping hand in caring for a child with this condition. A brief overview is provided of the manifestations and treatment options in a 10-year-old female patient with childhood autism and associated mental retardation.
- MeSH
- antipsychotika * škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- aripiprazol aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- autistická porucha * diagnóza farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mentální retardace * diagnóza psychologie MeSH
- násilí prevence a kontrola MeSH
- podrážděnost účinky léků MeSH
- poruchy chování u dětí diagnóza farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- psychomotorický neklid diagnóza farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- stereotypní chování účinky léků MeSH
- testování osobnosti MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
One of the key research agenda of the field of aging is investigation of presymptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, abnormalities in brain glucose metabolism (as measured by FDG-PET) have been reported among cognitively normal elderly persons. However, little is known about the association of FDG-PET abnormalities with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in a population-based setting. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional study derived from the ongoing population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging in order to examine the association between brain glucose metabolism and NPS among cognitively normal (CN) persons aged > 70 years. Participants underwent FDG-PET and completed the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Cognitive classification was made by an expert consensus panel. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses to compute odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals after adjusting for age, sex, and education. For continuous variables, we used linear regression and Spearman rank-order correlations. Of 668 CN participants (median 78.1 years, 55.4% males), 205 had an abnormal FDG-PET (i.e., standardized uptake value ratio < 1.32 in AD-related regions). Abnormal FDG-PET was associated with depression as measured by NPI-Q (OR = 2.12; 1.23-3.64); the point estimate was further elevated for APOE ɛ4 carriers (OR = 2.59; 1.00-6.69), though marginally significant. Additionally, we observed a significant association between abnormal FDG-PET and depressive and anxiety symptoms when treated as continuous measures. These findings indicate that NPS, even in community-based samples, can be an important additional tool to the biomarker-based investigation of presymptomatic AD.
- MeSH
- apolipoproteiny E genetika MeSH
- deprese diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 metabolismus MeSH
- kognice fyziologie MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce komplikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozek diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy MeSH
- pozitronová emisní tomografie MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
- psychomotorický neklid * diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie psychologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stárnutí * MeSH
- úzkost * diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
BACKGROUND: Use of antipsychotic (AP) medications is high and often inappropriate among institutionalized populations. Little is known about the correlates of new AP drug use following admission to long-term care (LTC) settings. This study investigated the frequency and correlates of new AP drug use among newly admitted LTC residents. METHODS: This longitudinal, retrospective study used data from the interRAI - Nursing Home Minimum Data Set version 2.0 (MDS 2.0) instrument. Data about demographic, clinical and social characteristics, and medication use, were collected in Ontario, Canada, from 2003-2011 by trained nurses. Residents with complete admission and 3-6 month follow-up data were included (N = 47,768). Multivariate logistic regression analyses, stratified by gender, explored correlates of new AP drug use upon admission to LTC. RESULTS: New AP drug users comprised 7 % of the final cohort. Severe cognitive impairment, dementia, and motor agitation were significantly associated with new AP drug use among both sexes. Additionally, behavioural problems, conflicts with staff and reduced social engagement were strong correlates of new AP drug use. CONCLUSIONS: Social factors were as strongly associated with new AP drug use after LTC admission as clinical factors. Strategies to prevent the potential misuse of AP drugs upon LTC admission should consider the social determinants of such prescribing.
- MeSH
- antipsychotika terapeutické užití MeSH
- demence farmakoterapie epidemiologie psychologie MeSH
- dlouhodobá péče psychologie trendy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- pečovatelské domovy trendy MeSH
- příjem pacientů trendy MeSH
- psychomotorický neklid farmakoterapie epidemiologie psychologie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Ontario MeSH
Few studies have reported neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in primary progressive aphasia (PPA), a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the left hemisphere. Depression is associated with left-sided stroke, but it remains unclear whether depression and other NPS are also associated with PPA. The authors compared the frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms in 55 cases of PPA with 110 cognitively normal persons matched for age, sex, and education. Depression, apathy, agitation, anxiety, appetite change, and irritability are associated with PPA. Hallucinations, delusions, and night-time behavior were not associated with PPA.
- MeSH
- apatie MeSH
- deprese diagnóza psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy MeSH
- primární progresivní afázie psychologie MeSH
- psychomotorický neklid diagnóza psychologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- úzkost diagnóza psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
AIMS: In clinical practice, overt aggressive behaviour is frequently observed in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder. It can be dangerous and complicates patient care. Nevertheless, it has not been adequately studied as a phenomenon that is separate from other symptoms such as agitation. The aim of this review is to provide information on the prevalence, clinical context, and clinical management of aggression in patients with bipolar disorder. METHODS: MEDLINE and PsycInfo data bases were searched for articles published between 1966 and November 2008 using the combination of key words 'aggression' or 'violence' with 'bipolar disorder'. For the treatment searches, generic names of mood stabilisers and antipsychotics were used in combination with key words 'bipolar disorder' and 'aggression'. No language constraint was applied. Articles dealing with children and adolescents were not included. RESULTS: Acutely ill hospitalised bipolar patients have a higher risk for aggression than other inpatients. In a population survey, the prevalence of aggressive behaviour after age 15 years was 0.66% in persons without lifetime psychiatric disorder, but 25.34% in bipolar I disorder. Comorbidity with personality disorders and substance use disorders is frequent, and it elevates the risk of aggression in bipolar patients. Impulsive aggression appears to be the most frequent subtype observed in bipolar patients. Clinical management of aggression combines pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. DISCUSSION: A major problem with the evidence is that aggression is frequently reported only as one of the items contributing to the total score on a scale or a subscale. This makes it impossible to ascertain specifically aggressive behaviour. Large controlled head-to-head randomised controlled studies comparing treatments for aggressive behaviour in bipolar disorder are not yet available. There is some evidence favouring divalproex, but it is not particularly strong .We do not know if there are any efficacy differences among antipsychotics for this indication.
- MeSH
- agrese psychologie MeSH
- antipsychotika terapeutické užití MeSH
- bipolární porucha epidemiologie psychologie terapie MeSH
- impulzivní chování epidemiologie psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- psychomotorický neklid psychologie terapie MeSH
- způsoby aplikace léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
