In this interdisciplinary project, adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) will be obtained by liposuction from the fat tissue of patients. Optimal conditions of the liposuction (particularly local anesthesia, negative pressure) will be elaborated in order to obtain the ASCs in high numbers and viability. ASCs will be then differentiated towards osteoblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells and keratinocytes by appropriate cell culture conditions, namely (i) a cell carrier with suitable physicochemical properties, such as rigidity or deformability, wettability, charge and conductivity, roughness and morphology, surface chemical structure, 2D or 3D structure, (ii) composition of cell culture media, (iii) mechanical stimulation in dynamic bioreactors and (iv) electrical stimulation. The differentiated ASCs will be used for construction of hybrid replacements of the bone tissue, blood vessels and skin. These replacements will contain a material carrier optimal for a given application and a cell component, and will be promising for future clinical applications.

Kmenové buňky získané liposukcí z tukové tkáně pacientů budou v tomto mezioborovém projektu využity k inženýrství bioarteficiální kostní, cévní a kožní tkáně. Nejprve budou vypracovány podmínky liposukce (především lokální anestézie, negativní tlak) optimální pro získání vysokého počtu životaschopných kmenových buněk. Tyto buňky budou dále vhodnými kultivačními podmínkami diferencovány směrem k osteoblastům a cévním hladkým svalovým buňkám, cévním endotelovým buňkám a keratinocytům. Kultivační podmínky budou zahrnovat: (i) nosič buněk z „umělého“ materiálu s vhodnými fyzikálně-chemickými vlastnostmi, jako je např. tuhost, deformabilita, smáčivost, náboj a vodivost, drsnost, morfologie, povrchová chemická struktura, 2D či 3D struktura, (ii) složení kultivačního média, (iii) mechanickou stimulaci v dynamickém bioreaktoru a (iv) elektrickou stimulaci. Diferencované buňky budou využity ke konstrukci hybridních náhrad kostní tkáně, cév a kůže. Tyto konstrukty budou obsahovat materiál nejvhodnější pro danou aplikaci a buněčnou složku, a budou perspektivní pro budoucí klinické aplikace.

• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• buněčná diferenciace MeSH
• elektrická stimulace MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lipektomie MeSH
• mezenchymální kmenové buňky MeSH
• primární buněčná kultura MeSH
• protézy a implantáty MeSH
• regenerativní lékařství MeSH
• tkáňové inženýrství MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• biomedicínské inženýrství
• cytologie, klinická cytologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR

Surface of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was modified by chemical methods. Surface was firstly activated by Piranha solution and then grafted with selected amino-compounds (cysteamine, ethylenediamine or chitosan). The next step was grafting of some borane cluster compounds, highly fluorescent borane hydride cluster anti-B18H22 or its thiolated derivative 4,4'-(HS)2-anti-B18H20. Polymer foils were studied using various methods to characterize surface chemistry (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), roughness and morphology (atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy), chemistry and polarity (electrokinetic analysis), wettability (goniometry) and photophysical properties (UV-Vis spectroscopy) before and after modification steps. Subsequently some kinds of antimicrobial tests were performed. Immobilization of anti-B18H22 in small quantities onto UHMWPE surface leads to materials with a luminescence. Samples grafted with borane clusters showed significant inhibition of growth for gram-positive bacteria (S. epidermidis). These approaches can be used for (i) luminophores on the base of polymers nanocomposites development and/or (ii) preparation of materials with antimicrobial effects.

• MeSH
• antiinfekční látky * chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• borany chemie   MeSH
• nanokompozity chemie   MeSH
• polyethyleny * chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• smáčivost MeSH
• Staphylococcus epidermidis růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This work deals with the surface properties of several polymer foils and their changes before and after UV irradiation and subsequent grafting with cysteamine. The surface wettability was determined by goniometry from static contact angle measurement. Surface chemistry, polarity and charge were studied by the electrokinetic analysis. Chemical composition of surface was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All of the employed methods confirmed a successful surface activation by UV radiation and chemical modification by cysteamine grafting. These changes depend strongly on exposure time of UV radiation.

• MeSH
• polymery * chemie   účinky záření   MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti účinky záření   MeSH
• ultrafialové záření MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Tissue engineering is a very promising field of regenerative medicine. Life expectancy has been increasing, and tissue replacement is increasingly needed in patients suffering from various degenerative disorders of the organs. The use of adult mesenchymal stem cells (e.g. from adipose tissue or from bone marrow) in tissue engineering seems to be a promising approach for tissue replacements. Clinical applications can make direct use of the large secretome of these cells, which can have a positive influence on other cells around. Another advantage of adult mesenchymal stem cells is the possibility to differentiate them into various mature cells via appropriate culture conditions (i.e. medium composition, biomaterial properties, and dynamic conditions). This review is focused on current and future ways to carry out tissue replacement of damaged bones and blood vessels, especially with the use of suitable adult mesenchymal stem cells as a potential source of differentiated mature cells that can later be used for tissue replacement. The advantages and disadvantages of different stem cell sources are discussed, with a main focus on adipose-derived stem cells. Patient factors that can influence later clinical applications are taken into account.

• MeSH
• buněčná diferenciace fyziologie   MeSH
• cévy * cytologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň * cytologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezenchymální kmenové buňky * fyziologie   MeSH
• regenerativní lékařství metody   trendy   MeSH
• tkáňové inženýrství * metody   trendy   MeSH
• transplantace mezenchymálních kmenových buněk * metody   trendy   MeSH
• tuková tkáň cytologie   fyziologie   transplantace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Cellulose-based biomaterials are safe and ordinarily used in human medicine. Owing to its properties, cellulose is still in the biomaterial research spotlight, mainly in wound dressing area. The review brings an overview of chemical and physical means of cellulose modification that have been done so far, particularly to improve material properties and to introduce antibacterial properties. The most frequent antibacterial finishing of cellulose-based materials is the modification with silver that is effective against broad spectrum of bacteria species and has low risk of resistance development. A special subchapter is therefore dedicated to the antibacterial effect of silver.

• Klíčová slova
• fyzikální modifikace, chemická modifikace,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky klasifikace   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály * klasifikace   MeSH
• celulosa * analogy a deriváty   chemie   klasifikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• plazmové plyny klasifikace   MeSH
• rány a poranění ošetřování   MeSH
• regenerativní lékařství MeSH
• sloučeniny stříbra terapeutické užití   MeSH
• stříbro terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

We studied the surface properties and cytocompatibil-ity of a grafted biopolymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB). P3HB was exposed to an inert argon plasma dis-charge, then grafted by 1,1 '-biphenyl-4,4 '-dithiol (BFD) and finally grafted by golden nanoparticles (nanospheres and nanorods). The surface properties were studied using multiple methods – goniometry, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Cytocompatibility was determined in vitro by studying adhesion, prolifera-tion and viability of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the aorta of Rattus norvegicus. The cyto-compatibility was compared for pristine, modified P3HB and standard tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). Our re-sults show that surface morphology and wettability are affected by both plasma discharge and nanoparticles graft-ing. These changes suggest that the adhesion and prolifera-tion of VSMCs is enhanced more on the plasma modified and grafted substrate.

• MeSH
• biopolymery * analýza   chemie   MeSH
• kovové nanočástice * analýza   chemie   MeSH
• nanokuličky analýza   chemie   MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• spektrální analýza metody   MeSH
• velikost částic MeSH
• zlato analýza   chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The opinion regarding the origin of adult stem cells that should be used for living bone construct generation is strongly divided in the scientific community. In this study, the potential of chitosan/β-1,3-glucan/hydroxyapatite (chit/glu/HA) material as a scaffold for bone regeneration applications was evaluated by behaviour comparison of adult stem cells derived from both origins-adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) tissue and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMDSCs). In the case of ADSC isolation, low and high negative pressures were applied during a liposuction procedure in order to determine if negative pressure settings may have an impact on subsequent cell behaviour in vitro. The obtained results demonstrated that the chit/glu/HA material is a promising candidate to be used for living bone graft production in vitro as both ADSCs and BMDSCs revealed a satisfactory proliferation and differentiation ability on its surface. Nevertheless, BMDSCs would be a better choice of adult stem cells since they were better spread, more strongly attached and showed a more superior proliferation and differentiation ability than ADSCs when cultured on the chit/glu/HA scaffold. However, if BMDSCs cannot be isolated, ADSCs may be used for bone construct production but lipoaspirate should be collected under low negative pressure (-200 mm Hg), as high negative pressure (-700 mmHg) applied during liposuction surgery may retard subsequent ADSC proliferation and type I collagen production.

• MeSH
• beta-glukany chemie   MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály chemie   MeSH
• buněčná diferenciace MeSH
• chitosan chemie   MeSH
• fokální adheze MeSH
• hydroxyapatit chemie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezenchymální kmenové buňky cytologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• osteogeneze MeSH
• pohyb buněk MeSH
• proliferace buněk MeSH
• regenerace kostí MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• tkáňové podpůrné struktury chemie   MeSH
• tuková tkáň cytologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Surface-modified gold multibranched nanoparticles (AuMs) were prepared by simple chemical reduction of gold chloride aqueous solution followed by in situ modification by using water-soluble arenediazonium tosylates with different functional organic groups. Chemical and morphological structures of the prepared nanoparticles were examined by using transmission electron and scanning electron microscopies. The covalent grafting of organic compounds was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Covalent functionalization of nanoparticles significantly expands the range of their potential uses under physiological conditions, compared with traditional non-covalent or thiol-based approaches. The antibacterial effect of the surface-modified AuMs was evaluated by using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria under IR light illumination and without external triggering. Strong plasmon resonance on the AuMs cups leads to significant reduction of the light power needed kill bacteria under the mild conditions of continuous illumination. The effect of the surface-modified AuMs on the light-induced antibacterial activities was founded to be dependent on the grafted organic functional groups.

• MeSH
• antiinfekční látky MeSH
• infračervené záření MeSH
• kovové nanočástice * analýza   chemie   MeSH
• mikroskopie MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• spektrometrie rentgenová emisní MeSH
• zlato * analýza   chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

This work is aimed on the determination of physico-chemical properties of plasma treated poly-L-lactic acid biopolymer and its influence on the attachment and organization of stem cells from fat tissue. The surface changes were examined with goniometry (wettability), atomic force microscopy (surface roughness and morphology) and photoelectron spectroscopy (chemical changes). The cytocompatibility of PLLA was studied in vitro by characterization of stem cell adhesion, growth, differentiation, migration and proliferation. The physico-chemical properties depend strongly on the plasma treatment time. It was found that plasma activation has a positive effect on stem cells cultivation, as well as on the cell growth in orderly manner and in the preferred direction.

• Klíčová slova
• cytokompatibilita, povrchová modifikace,
• MeSH
• kmenové buňky * MeSH
• polymery * MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• výzkum kmenových buněk MeSH

While polymers are widely utilized materials in the biomedical industry, they are rarely used in an unmodified state. Some kind of a surface treatment is often necessary to achieve properties suitable for specific applications. There are multiple methods of surface treatment, each with their own pros and cons, such as plasma and laser treatment, UV lamp modification, etching, grafting, metallization, ion sputtering and others. An appropriate treatment can change the physico-chemical properties of the surface of a polymer in a way that makes it attractive for a variety of biological compounds, or, on the contrary, makes the polymer exhibit antibacterial or cytotoxic properties, thus making the polymer usable in a variety of biomedical applications. This review examines four popular methods of polymer surface modification: laser treatment, ion implantation, plasma treatment and nanoparticle grafting. Surface treatment-induced changes of the physico-chemical properties, morphology, chemical composition and biocompatibility of a variety of polymer substrates are studied. Relevant biological methods are used to determine the influence of various surface treatments and grafting processes on the biocompatibility of the new surfaces-mammalian cell adhesion and proliferation is studied as well as other potential applications of the surface-treated polymer substrates in the biomedical industry.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH