Anti-biofilm Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Biofilmy oportunně patogenních mikroorganismů představují zdroj četných obtížně léčitelných onemocnění. Studium přírodních biologicky aktivních látek a jejich vlivu na tvorbu a stabilitu biofilmů hraje významnou roli v současném výzkumu. Přírodní produkty extrahované z nesčetného množství rostlin představují potenciální zdroj nových antimikrobiálních a antibiofilmových činidel. Ze zmíněné kategorie látek práce předkládá cinnamaldehyd a N‐‐acetylcystein.
The biofilms of opportunistic pathogens are a source of numerous difficult‐‐to‐‐treat infections. Exploration of natural biologically active compounds and their influence on the formation and stability of biofilms plays an important role in current research. Natural compounds isolated from plants can be viewed as a potential source of new anti‐‐microbial and anti‐‐biofilm agents. From this category, cinnamaldehyde and N‐‐acetylcysteine are presented.
- Klíčová slova
- cinnamaldehyd, antibiofilmová aktivita,
- MeSH
- acetylcystein * farmakologie MeSH
- akrolein analogy a deriváty farmakologie MeSH
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- Bacteria účinky léků MeSH
- biofilmy * účinky léků MeSH
- Candida albicans účinky léků MeSH
- quorum sensing účinky léků MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Bacterial biofilms pose significant challenges, from healthcare-associated infections to biofouling in industrial systems, resulting in significant health impacts and financial losses globally. Classic antimicrobial methods often fail to eradicate sessile microbial communities within biofilms, requiring innovative approaches. This review explores the structure, formation, and role of biofilms, highlighting the critical importance of exopolysaccharides in biofilm stability and resistance mechanisms. We emphasize the potential of microbial enzymatic approaches, particularly focusing on glycosidases, proteases, and deoxyribonucleases, which can disrupt biofilm matrices effectively. We also delve into the importance of enzymes such as cellobiose dehydrogenase, which disrupts biofilms by degrading polysaccharides. This enzyme is mainly sourced from Aspergillus niger and Sclerotium rolfsii, with optimized production strategies enhancing its efficacy. Additionally, we explore levan hydrolase, alginate lyase, α-amylase, protease, and lysostaphin as potent antibiofilm agents, discussing their microbial origins and production optimization strategies. These enzymes offer promising avenues for combating biofilm-related challenges in healthcare, environmental, and industrial settings. Ultimately, enzymatic strategies present environmentally friendly solutions with high potential for biofilm management and infection control.
Microbial adhesion to surfaces and the subsequent biofilm formation may result in contamination in food industry and in healthcare-associated infections and may significantly affect postoperative care. Some plants produce substances with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties that are able to inhibit the growth of food-borne pathogens. The aim of our study was to evaluate antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effect of baicalein, resveratrol, and pterostilbene on Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. We determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), the minimum adhesion inhibitory concentration (MAIC), and the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) by crystal violet and XTT determination. Resveratrol and pterostilbene have been shown to inhibit the formation of biofilms as well as to disrupt preformed biofilms. Our results suggest that resveratrol and pterostilbene appear potentially very useful to control and inhibit biofilm contaminations by Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli in the food industry.
- MeSH
- antiinfekční látky farmakologie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- Candida albicans účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- flavanony farmakologie MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- resveratrol MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus epidermidis účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- stilbeny farmakologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Tvorba biofilmů a s ní související rostoucí rezistence mikroorganismů ukazuje na potřebu hledání nových přírodních látek, které při současném podání s antibiotikem zvýší jejich biologickou aktivitu. Zároveň je nutné zajistit netoxicitu těchto látek. Jednou z možných alternativ je použití sekundárních metabolitů rostlin, například polyfenolů. Tyto metabolity se přirozeně vyskytují v ovoci, zelenině, obilovinách, ořeších, ale také v rostlinných produktech jako je víno, pivo, čaj a kakao. V současné době se přesunula pozornost k rostlinným polyfenolům pocházejícím z extraktu vinné révy. Vinná réva obsahuje velké množství polyfenolových látek, např. resveratrolu či polydatinu. Odpadní vinařské produkty jsou bohaté na polyfenolové látky, které by mohly přispět k řešení problému při rezistenci mikroorganismů k běžně používaným antibiotikům, zároveň by se tím vyřešil problém s nakládáním s vinařskými odpady.
The formation of biofilms and the associated increasing resistance of microorganisms shows the need to search for novel natural substances that would increase the biological activity of antibiotics if used together. It is also necessary to ensure the non‑‑toxicity of these substanes. One of the possibilities could be the application of plant secondary metabolites. These metabolites naturally occur in fruits, vegetables, cereals, nuts but also in plant products such as wine, beer, tea and cocoa. At present, attention has been paid to plant polyphenols from the grapevine extracts. Grapevine contains a lot of polyphenols, such as resveratrol or polydatin. Waste wine products are also rich in polyphenol substances that could help solve the problem of antibiotic resistance as well as the management of wine waste.
- MeSH
- antiinfekční látky izolace a purifikace MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků MeSH
- farmakologické účinky - molekulární mechanismy MeSH
- flavonoidy farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- flavonoly farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- glukosidy farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- katechin farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kempferoly farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kyselina mléčná analogy a deriváty farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- quercetin farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- resveratrol farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- stilbeny farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Vitis * chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
In response to the emergence of drug resistance and limited therapeutic options, researchers are in action to look for more effective and sustainable antimicrobial practices. Over few years, novel nanoparticles are proving to be potent and promising for effectively dealing with ever- evolving microbial pathogens and diseases. In the present investigation, antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficiencies of zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4 NPs) are explored against opportunistic pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). Results of the present study demonstrate that the ZnFe2O4 NPs endow an excellent antibacterial efficiency with a maximum zone of inhibition i.e.16 mm. The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced bacterial damage is caused by the ZnFe2O4 NPs. Subsequently, intracellular cytoplasmic leakage of sugar and protein confirms their ability to disturb the membrane integrity of bacteria. This study also demonstrates the prominent efficiency of ZnFe2O4 NPs in an anti-biofilm study by inhibiting biofilm formation up to 81.76% and reducing mature biofilm up to 56.22% at 75 μg/mL the minimum inhibitory concentration value. Therapeutic possibilities of the ZnFe2O4 NPs in antimicrobial applications are discussed which are helpful to overcome the challenges associated with biofilm infectivity.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- antiinfekční látky * farmakologie MeSH
- Bacteria metabolismus MeSH
- biofilmy MeSH
- cukry farmakologie MeSH
- Klebsiella pneumoniae MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- nanočástice * MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- železité sloučeniny MeSH
- zinek farmakologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Simultaneous anti-Cutibacterium acnes and anti-inflammatory actions are highly beneficial in treating acne vulgaris. In this study, we present novel anti-acne nanovesicles based on liposomes loaded with proteinase K (PK), retinoic acid (RA), and soyaethyl morpholinium ethosulfate (SME) to achieve an effective and safe treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study examined in vitro planktonic and biofilm C. acnes elimination, as well as the keratinocyte proliferation suppression by liposomes. The multifunctional liposomes for treating C. acnes in mice were also evaluated. RESULTS: We acquired multifunctional liposomes with a size of 71 nm and zeta potential of 31 mV. The antimicrobial activity of SME was enhanced after liposomal encapsulation according to the reduction of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) by 6-fold. The multifunctional liposomes exhibited a synergistically inhibitory effect on biofilm C. acnes colonization compared with the liposomes containing PK or those containing SME individually. The adhesive bacterial colony in the microplate was lessened by 62% after multifunctional liposome intervention. All liposomal formulations tested here demonstrated no cytotoxicity against the normal keratinocytes but inhibited C. acnes-stimulated cell hyperproliferation. The in vitro scratch assay indicated that the liposomal RA-but not free RA-restrained keratinocyte migration. The animal study showed that free RA combined with SME and multifunctional nanovesicles had a similar effect on diminishing C. acnes colonies in the skin. On the other hand, liposomes exhibited superior performance in recovering the impaired skin barrier function than the free control. We also found that RA-loaded nanovesicles had greater skin tolerability than free RA. CONCLUSION: The cationic liposomes containing dual PK and RA represented a potential treatment to arrest bacterial infection and associated inflammation in acne.
- MeSH
- acne vulgaris * MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- biofilmy MeSH
- endopeptidasa K farmakologie MeSH
- keratinocyty MeSH
- liposomy * farmakologie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- proliferace buněk MeSH
- tretinoin farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Bacillary dysentery (shigellosis) continues to cause havoc worldwide, with a high infectivity rate. It causes bloody diarrhea, and around 99% of bacillary dysentery cases occur in developing countries. The objective of this study is to develop a polyherbal formulation with the scientific rationale in treating infectious bacillary dysentery disease. The anti-bacterial activity, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the formulation against bacillary dysentery, causing microbes like Shigella flexneri (MTCC 1457), Escherichia coli (MTCC 1687), and Salmonella enterica (MTCC 98), was analysed by well-diffusion method and broth dilution method, respectively. The biofilm inhibition activity was determined on 96 well polystyrene plates and anti-quorum sensing activity by Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. The cytotoxicity was examined by acute oral toxicity. Excreta and organ bacterial load were analyzed by serial dilution method. The formulation efficacy was determined by analyzing the blood sample of rats. The antimicrobial efficacy of the developed formulation was calculated by measuring the zone of inhibition which was found to be 24 mm, 25 mm, and 25 mm, and the MIC values of 1.5 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ml, and 2.0 mg/ml against S. flexneri, S. enterica, E. coli, respectively. The results show that the polyherbal formulation significantly reduced biofilm formation and has anti-quorum sensing activity. The formulation also effectively decreases the bacterial load and increases the K+, Na+, and Ca++ ions in animals treated with the formulation. The developed formulation was found to be non-toxic and effective against bacillary dysentery; thus, it can be used for treating bacillary dysentery and related complications.
V současnosti se značná část výzkumu věnuje nástrojům specificky ovlivňujícím tvorbu biofilmu, zejména poté aplikaci přírodních látek. Živočišná říše není nikterak bohatá na přírodní produkty s anti -biofilmovou aktivitou, přesto takové látky nalezneme. Přírodní biopolymer chitosan disponuje řadou zajímavých vlastností, mezi které patří také antimikrobiální a antibiofilmová aktivita. Mechanismus účinku chitosanu spočívá v jeho interakci s negativně nabitými buněčnými membránami, schopností jeho penetrace do mikrobiálních biofilmů a jejich zpřístupnění působení jiným látkám s antimikrobiální aktivitou, proto se nabízí také možnost jeho kombinace s antibiotiky.
Currently, a considerable part of research is devoted to tools which specifically influence biofilm formation, in particular the application of natural substances. Animal kingdom is not too rich in natural products with anti -biofilm activity, but such substances can be found. Natural biopolymer chitosan has a variety of interesting properties, which include also antimicrobial and anti -biofilm activity. Chitosan mechanism of action is represented by interaction with negatively charged cell membranes, ability of penetration into microbial biofilms and make them available to action of other substances with antimicrobial activity. Therefore the possible combination of chitosan with antibiotics is also offered.
Růst oportunně patogenních či patogenních mikroorganismů ve formě biofilmu, jejich schopnost indukovat infekci, která často vede až k velice závažným chronickým onemocněním, a především jejich schopnost vzniku rezistence vůči běžně používaným antibiotikům je v současné době obrovský medicínský problém. Zvyšování podávaného množství antibiotik pacientům není řešením. Takový způsob léčby s sebou často nese projevy nebezpečných vedlejších účinků a naopak podporuje vznik rezistence u dalších druhů mikroorganismů. Navrhovanou alternativou je proto využití přírodních látek s prokazatelnou antimikrobiální či anti‑biofilmovou aktivitou, a dále také jejich kombinace s konvenčními antibiotiky, která umožní snížení dávky antibiotika, nepodporuje další rozvoj rezistence a rovněž může umonit vrátit některé starší typy antibiotik zpět do klinické praxe.
The pathogenic or opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms' biofilm formation, induction of infection leading to serious chronic diseases and especially the emergence of resistance against standard used antibiotics is a huge medical problem. The use of antibiotics in higher concentrations is not a solution. Such method of treatment often causes the manifestations of dangerous side effects and supports the development of resistance in other microorganisms species. The use of natural substances with antimicrobial and anti‑biofilm activity or their combination with conventional antibiotics is a proposed alternative, which enables the antibiotics dose reduction, does not support the additional resistance development and may allow return of some older antibiotics back into the clinical practice.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence * účinky léků MeSH
- biofilmy * účinky léků MeSH
- kombinovaná farmakoterapie * metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky * farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Biofilm is a complex community of microorganisms residing within a polysaccharide and/or protein matrix. Biofilm can be produced by several microorganisms, including various bacteria and fungi. Nowadays, the resistance of biofilm-growing cells to antimicrobials originated from the structural nature of biofilms, and phenotypic alteration of sessile cells is becoming a global issue. Bacterial biofilms are important in various aspects of human health, including chronic infections, dental plaque, and infection of indwelling medical devices such as catheters. They are also a major problem in other industries, including oil recovery, drinking water distribution, papermaking, metalworking, and food processing. Estimates indicate that more than 80% of infectious diseases are biofilm-derived. The aim of this study is to describe mechanisms of antibiotic resistance to provide a better perspective on how to manage it. Moreover, the current strategies for biofilm inhibition were described. Considering that plants are a valuable source of abundant natural chemicals to create prophylactic and therapeutic medicines against biofilm-based infections, significant natural compounds with anti-biofilm properties were highlighted. Finally, natural anti-biofilm compounds under clinical trial evaluation were summarized to provide a background for more extensive researches and assist in opening a new window to novel treatments.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- antiinfekční látky * MeSH
- Bacteria MeSH
- biofilmy * MeSH
- houby MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
