Ayad, W* Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of 1% and 2% topical nifedipine ointments on TGF-β and the acceleration of facial skin wound healing in rabbits. Nifedipine ointments of 1% and 2% were prepared. Fifty healthy male rabbits were involved and distributed into two groups according to the study period: group A (7 days) and group B (14 days). Each group was subdivided into five groups (5 rabbits/group): Group I (Normal): rabbits did not undergo a surgical procedure and did not receive treatment; group II (negative control): rabbits had surgical wounds without treatment; group III (positive control): rabbits had surgical wounds with white petroleum treatment; group IV(nifedipine 1%): rabbits had surgical wounds with nifedipine 1% ointment treatment; and group V(nifedipine 2%): rabbits had surgical wounds with nifedipine 2% ointment treatment. Following euthanasia, blood samples (5 ml) were collected from all animals for TGF-β analysis using an ELISA kit. The TGF-β level in NFD 1% group was significantly higher on the 7th and14th day of the study associated with a higher rate of wound closure in comparison to other groups. Conclusions: Nifedipine 1% ointment has beneficial value for improving wound healing, while nifedipine NFD 2% has no such effect.
Growth hormone (GH) the most abundant hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland could have a role with other growth factors in wound healing because they can help in the physiological wound healing process.Aims: To investigate the effects of GH on facial skin wound healing in rabbits and to evaluate its effect on "insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1)" and "transforming growth factor- β (TGF-β)" in serum. Material and Method: Thirty healthy male rabbits included in this study were classified into two groups according to the day of euthanization 7 and 14 days of study, each group was subdivided into three groups; negative control group, positive control group, and treatment group, full-thickness circle 1 cm wounds were excised in the skin of the forehead for each rabbit without any medication.3-(treated group) full-thickness circle 1 cm wounds will excise in the skin of the forehead for each rabbit, 0.1ml [contain 1.2mg /3.6 IU] of growth hormone injected subcutaneously around the incision, the injection process is every other day.Result: showed a highly significant difference among all study groups in serum TGF-β (ng/L) and IGF (ng/ml) during the first and second weeks. the serum TGF-β at the end of the first and second weeks showed a significant elevation in the treatment group when compared to the other study groups. There is no significant difference between the two control groups. The serum IGF at the end of the first and second weeks showed a significant difference in IGF levels among all study groups.Conclusions: Topical GH has a role in skin wound healing since it can increase the serum level of TGF-β. GH also causes a decrease in serum IGF. Topical GH may have a positive impact on skin wound healing.
- MeSH
- aplikace lokální MeSH
- experimenty na zvířatech MeSH
- hojení ran * fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- injekce subkutánní MeSH
- insulinu podobný růstový faktor I analýza fyziologie metabolismus MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- kůže zranění MeSH
- obličej MeSH
- růstový hormon aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- transformující růstový faktor beta analýza fyziologie metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
Introduction Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) is the most common malignancy in the oral cavity. Two types of mandibular resections have been described: the segmental mandibulectomy and the marginal mandibulectomy. Both may have a different impact over the quality of life, oncological prognosis, and functional or aesthetic result. Objectives The aim of this study was to systematically explore the literature to determine the survival outcomes and disease control rates in patients who underwent segmental or marginal mandibulectomy for OCSCC with histological evidence of cortical and medullary bone invasion. Data Synthesis This review involved a systematic search of the electronic databases MEDLINE/PUBMED, Google Scholar, Ovid Medline, Embase, and Scopus including articles from 1985 to 2019. Fifteen articles were included for qualitative analysis and 11 articles were considered for meta-analysis calculations. All of them correspond to retrospective cohort studies. Conclusion This systematic review reveals the low-level evidence regarding the impact over local control or survival according to the type of mandibulectomy. Our results need to be considered with precaution according to the limited evidence available. We just found difference regarding the 5-year disease-free survival, and a tendency in favor of segmental mandibulectomy was confirmed when medullary invasion was evident.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To develop clinical tools assessing the refluxogenic potential of foods and beverages (F&B) consumed by patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). METHODS: European experts of the LPR Study group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-rhino-laryngological societies were invited to identify the components of Western European F&B that would be associated with the development of LPR. Based on the list generated by experts, four authors conducted a systematic review to identify the F&B involved in the development of esophageal sphincter and motility dysfunctions, both mechanisms involved in the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease and LPR. Regarding the F&B components and the characteristics identified as important in the development of reflux, experts developed three rational scores for the assessment of the refluxogenic potential of F&B, a dish, or the overall diet of the patient. RESULTS: Twenty-six European experts participated to the study and identified the following components of F&B as important in the development of LPR: pH; lipid, carbohydrate, protein composition; fiber composition of vegetables; alcohol degree; caffeine/theine composition; and high osmolality of beverage. A total of 72 relevant studies have contributed to identifying the Western European F&B that are highly susceptible to be involved in the development of reflux. The F&B characteristics were considered for developing a Refluxogenic Diet Score (REDS), allowing a categorization of F&B into five categories ranging from 1 (low refluxogenic F&B) to 5 (high refluxogenic F&B). From REDS, experts developed the Refluxogenic Score of a Dish (RESDI) and the Global Refluxogenic Diet Score (GRES), which allow the assessment of the refluxogenic potential of dish and the overall diet of the LPR patient, respectively. CONCLUSION: REDS, RESDI and GRES are proposed as objective scores for assessing the refluxogenic potential of F&B composing a dish or the overall diet of LPR patients. Future studies are needed to study the correlation between these scores and the development of LPR according to impedance-pH study.
- MeSH
- dieta * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektrická impedance MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- laryngofaryngeální reflux diagnóza dietoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nápoje * MeSH
- otorinolaryngologie MeSH
- otorinolaryngologové * MeSH
- peptická ezofagitida MeSH
- potraviny * MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Cíl: Zjistit, zda je nová metoda úspěšná při blokádě obou ilioinguinálních nervů pro zmírnění pooperační bolesti po císařském řezu. Materiály a metody: Mezi lednem 2022 a lednem 2023 bylo do této studie zařazeno 300 pacientek na Porodnicko-gynekologickém oddělení Lékařské fakulty Univerzity Al-Azhar. 150 z těchto pacientů dostalo infiltraci bupivakainu na obě strany blízko přední páteře kyčelní a 150 dostalo normální injekci fyziologického roztoku do stejných míst. Výsledky: Studie porovnávala obě skupiny a objevila významné rozdíly v načasování žádostí o analgetika, intervalu před první ambulancí pacienta, délce pobytu v nemocnici, skóre pooperační bolesti a incidenci pooperační nevolnosti a zvracení, přičemž skupina A na tom byla lépe. Závěr: Po císařském řezu je účinným způsobem, jak zmírnit pooperační nepohodlí a použití analgetik, lokální anestetikum injekce „bupivakainu” k bilaterální blokádě ilioinguinálních nervů.
Aim: To determine whether the novel method is successful in blocking both ilioinguinal nerves to lessen postoperative pain following caesarean surgery. Materials and methods: Between January 2022 and January 2023, 300 patients were enrolled in this study at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Departments of the Faculty of Medicine at Al-Azhar University. About 150 of these patients received bupivacaine infiltration on both sides close to the anterior superior iliac spine, and 150 received a normal saline injection at the same locations. Results: The study compared the two groups and discovered significant differences in the timing of analgesic requests, interval before the patient’s first ambulation, length of hospital stay, postoperative pain score, and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, with group A performing better. Conclusion: After a caesarean section, the local anaesthetic “bupivacaine” injection used to block the ilioinguinal nerves bilaterally is an efficient way to lessen postoperative discomfort and analgesic use.
BACKGROUND: The clinical presentation of European patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infection is still unknown. OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical presentation of COVID-19 in Europe. METHODS: Patients with positive diagnosis of COVID-19 were recruited from 18 European hospitals. Epidemiological and clinical data were obtained through a standardized questionnaire. Bayesian analysis was used for analysing the relationship between outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 1,420 patients completed the study (962 females, 30.7% of healthcare workers). The mean age of patients was 39.17 ± 12.09 years. The most common symptoms were headache (70.3%), loss of smell (70.2%), nasal obstruction (67.8%), cough (63.2%), asthenia (63.3%), myalgia (62.5%), rhinorrhea (60.1%), gustatory dysfunction (54.2%) and sore throat (52.9%). Fever was reported by 45.4%. The mean duration of COVID-19 symptoms of mild-to-moderate cured patients was 11.5 ± 5.7 days. The prevalence of symptoms significantly varied according to age and sex. Young patients more frequently had ear, nose and throat complaints, whereas elderly individuals often presented fever, fatigue and loss of appetite. Loss of smell, headache, nasal obstruction and fatigue were more prevalent in female patients. The loss of smell was a key symptom of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients and was not associated with nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea. Loss of smell persisted at least 7 days after the disease in 37.5% of cured patients. CONCLUSION: The clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 substantially varies according to the age and the sex characteristics of patients. Olfactory dysfunction seems to be an important underestimated symptom of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 that needs to be recognized as such by the WHO.
- MeSH
- Bayesova věta MeSH
- Betacoronavirus * MeSH
- bolesti hlavy epidemiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- koronavirové infekce komplikace diagnóza enzymologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myalgie epidemiologie MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- poruchy chuti epidemiologie MeSH
- poruchy čichu epidemiologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- určení symptomu MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- virová pneumonie komplikace diagnóza enzymologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
PURPOSE: SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are a key step in fighting the pandemic. Nevertheless, their rapid development did not allow for testing among specific population subgroups such as pregnant and breastfeeding women, or elaborating specific guidelines for healthcare personnel working in high infection risk specialties, such as otolaryngology (ORL). This clinical consensus statement (CCS) aims to offer guidance for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination to this high-risk population based on the best evidence available. METHODS: A multidisciplinary international panel of 33 specialists judged statements through a two-round modified Delphi method survey. Statements were designed to encompass the following topics: risk of SARS-Cov-2 infection and use of protective equipment in ORL; SARS-Cov-2 infection and vaccines and respective risks for the mother/child dyad; and counseling for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in pregnant, breastfeeding, or fertile healthcare workers (PBFHW). All ORL PBFHW were considered as the target audience. RESULTS: Of the 13 statements, 7 reached consensus or strong consensus, 2 reached no consensus, and 2 reached near-consensus. According to the statements with strong consensus otorhinolaryngologists-head and neck surgeons who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or with childbearing potential should have the opportunity to receive SARS-Cov-2 vaccination. Moreover, personal protective equipment (PPE) should still be used even after the vaccination. CONCLUSION: Until prospective evaluations on these topics are available, ORL-HNS must be considered a high infection risk specialty. While the use of PPE remains pivotal, ORL PBFHW should be allowed access to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination provided they receive up-to-date information.
BACKGROUND: The quantitative assessment of neuroblastoma cell content in bone marrow aspirates for response evaluation has been introduced recently. Data on the concordance of interobserver reports are lacking so far. METHODS: Investigators of seven European countries representing national reference or large oncological centers convened in 2016. They agreed to quantitatively assess routine bone marrow smears of the participating institutions and to discuss the discrepant results in joint meetings. RESULTS: From 2017 through 2019, three cytology rounds with 24, 28, and 28 bone marrow samples were run evaluating the representativity of the smears (yes/[restricted]/no) and the presence of tumor cells (yes/no and %). The comparison of the reports using κ (Fleiss) and α (Krippendorff) statistics demonstrated no robust reliabilities. The agreement on the representativity was moderate to poor, on the presence of tumor cells moderate to good, and on the percentage of tumor cells slight to moderate. Though the value of cytology is unquestioned to detect even tiny metastatic cells in bone marrow, the investigators unanimously agreed that a reliable quantification of the tumor cell content in bone marrow smears is unrealistic. For the key issue of representativity, a new practical definition was developed. CONCLUSION: For any work with bone marrow aspirates, the representativity of the material is of paramount importance. A practical definition is proposed. A reliable quantitative cytological assessment of tumor cell content in bone marrow aspirates is not feasible in metastatic neuroblastoma. Therefore, its use as response criterion should be reconsidered.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to gather an international consensus group to propose a global definition and diagnostic approach of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) to guide primary care and specialist physicians in the management of LPR. METHODS: Forty-eight international experts (otolaryngologists, gastroenterologists, surgeons, and physiologists) were included in a modified Delphi process to revise 48 statements about definition, clinical presentation, and diagnostic approaches to LPR. Three voting rounds determined a consensus statement to be acceptable when 80% of experts agreed with a rating of at least 8/10. Votes were anonymous and the analyses of voting rounds were performed by an independent statistician. RESULTS: After the third round, 79.2% of statements (N = 38/48) were approved. LPR was defined as a disease of the upper aerodigestive tract resulting from the direct and/or indirect effects of gastroduodenal content reflux, inducing morphological and/or neurological changes in the upper aerodigestive tract. LPR is associated with recognized non-specific laryngeal and extra-laryngeal symptoms and signs that can be evaluated with validated patient-reported outcome questionnaires and clinical instruments. The hypopharyngeal-esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH testing can suggest the diagnosis of LPR when there is >1 acid, weakly acid or nonacid hypopharyngeal reflux event in 24 h. CONCLUSION: A global consensus definition for LPR is presented to improve detection and diagnosis of the disease for otolaryngologists, pulmonologists, gastroenterologists, surgeons, and primary care practitioners. The approved statements are offered to improve collaborative research by adopting common and validated diagnostic approaches to LPR. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 Laryngoscope, 134:1614-1624, 2024.
- MeSH
- elektrická impedance MeSH
- laryngofaryngeální reflux * diagnóza MeSH
- larynx * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování jícnového pH MeSH
- otorinolaryngologové MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
