Flavonoid content Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Fytochemická analýza methanolického extraktu Helichrysum petiolare Hilliard & B. L. (Asteraceae) prokázala přítomnost sekundárních metabolitů patřících mezi fenylpropanoidy a flavonoidy. Pomocí preparativní HPLC se podařilo vyizolovat pět obsahových látek: kumarin skopolin (1), kyselinu 3-chlorogenovou (2), glukosidicky vázaný derivát kyseliny kávové (3), kyselinu dikafeoylchinovou (5) a flavonoid isokvercitrin (4). V druhu H. petiolare byly tyto sloučeniny identifikovány poprvé. Při testování antibakteriální aktivity bylo zjištěno, že pouze kyselina dikafeoylchinová vykazuje mírnou antibakteriální aktivitu proti Escherichia coli CCM 7929 v koncentraci 512 μg ∙ ml–1.
The phytochemical analysis of a methanolic extract from Helichrysum petiolare Hilliard & B. L. (Asteraceae) confirmed the content of phenylpropanoids and flavonoids. Five secondary metabolites were isolated using preparative HPLC, namely coumarin scopolin (1), 3-chlorogenic acid (2), caffeic acid-hexose derivative (3), dicaffeoylquinic acid (5), and the flavonoid isoquercitrin (4). These compounds were identified from this species for the first time. Only dicaffeoylquinic acid was able to inhibit Escherichia coli CCM 7929 at the concertation of 512 μg ∙ mL–1 in a screening of antibacterial activity.
Cílem práce bylo určení obsahu flavonoidů v různých částech sedmikrásky obecné a v její kalusové kultuře. Stanovení bylo provedeno spektrofotometricky po reakci s dusitanem sodným (obsah veškerých flavonoidů) a chloridem hlinitým (obsah 5-hydroxyflavonů a flavonolů). Obsah veškerých flavonoidů je v květech 2,75 %, v hstech 1,86 %, v kořenech 0,88 %. Obsah 5-hydroxyflavonů a flavonolů je v květech 0,30 %, v listech 0,16 %, v kořenech 0,03 %. Z květních pupenů sedmikrásky byla založena kalusová kultura. Byla kultivována na médiu podle Murashigeho a Skooga s přídavkem 1 mgA kyseliny 2,4-dichlorfenoxyoctové. Obsah veškerých flavonoidů a 5-hydroxyflavonů a flavonolů v kalusové kultuře je 0,89 % a 0,05 %.
The present paper aimed to assay the content of flavonoids in different parts of the English daisy (Bellis perennis L.) and in its callus culture. The assay was carried out spectrophotometrically after a reaction with sodium nitrite (the content of all flavonoids) and aluminium chloride (the content of 5-hydroxyflavones and flavonols). The content of all flavonoids is 2.75 % in inflorescences, 1.86 % in leaves, 0.88 % in roots. The content of 5-hydroxyflavons and flavonols is 0.30 % in inflorescences, 0.16 % in leaves, 0.03 % in roots. A callus culture was estabhshed firom the flower buds of the daisy. It was calculated on a Murashige-Skoog medium with an addition of 1 mg/1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The content of all flavonoids and 5-hydroxyflavones and flavonols in the callus culture is 0.89 % and 0.05 %, respectively.
Astragalus is a very interesting plant genus, well-known for its content of flavonoids, triterpenes and polysaccharides. Its secondary metabolites are described as biologically active compounds showing several activities, e.g., immunomodulating, antibacterial, antiviral and hepatoprotective. This inspired us to analyze the Bulgarian endemic A. aitosensis (Ivanisch.) to obtain deeper information about its phenolic components. We used extensive chromatographic separation of A. aitosensis extract to obtain seven phenolic compounds (1-7), which were identified using combined LC-MS and NMR spectral studies. The 1D and 2D NMR analyses and HR-MS allowed us to resolve the structures of known compounds 5-7 as isorhamnetin-3-O-robinobioside, isorhamnetin-3-O-(2,6-di-O-α-rhamno-pyranosyl-β-galactopyranoside), and alangiflavoside, respectively, and further comparison of these spectral data with available literature helped us with structural analysis of newly described flavonoid glycosides 1-4. These were described in plant source for the first time.
- MeSH
- Astragalus chemie MeSH
- chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
- fenoly chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- flavonoidy chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- glykosidy chemie klasifikace izolace a purifikace MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- triterpeny chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Příspěvek upozorňuje na korelace mezi výsledky instrumentálního měření barevnosti a obsahem některých biologicky aktivních organických látek (zejména fenolů a flavonoidů) v medu. Dostatečně těsné korelace mohou vést k vývoji postupů pro rychlé stanovení obsahu těchto látek v medu měřením barevnosti bez nutnosti náročnější úpravy vzorků.
This paper highlights the correlations between instrumental measurements of colour and the content of some biologically active organic compounds (especially phenolics and flavonoids) in honey. Sufficiently close correlations may lead to the development of procedures for rapid determination of the content of these substances in honey by colour measurement without the need for more demanding sample preparation.
- Klíčová slova
- biologicky aktivní látky,
- MeSH
- barva MeSH
- chemické techniky analytické MeSH
- fenoly analýza MeSH
- flavonoidy analýza MeSH
- korelace dat MeSH
- med * analýza MeSH
The effect of new synthetic pyrazinecarboxamide derivatives as potential elicitors of flavonolignan and flavonoid production in Silybum marianum and Ononis arvensis cultures in vitro was investigated. Both tested elicitors increased the production of flavonolignans in S. marianum callus and suspension cultures and flavonoids in O. arvensis callus and suspension cultures. Compound I, 5-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)-pyrazine-2-carboxamide, has shown to be an effective elicitor of flavonolignans and taxifoline production in Silybum marianum culture in vitro. The maximum content of silydianin (0.11%) in S. marianum suspension culture was induced by 24 h elicitor application in concentration of 1.159 × 10⁻³ mol/L. The maximum content of silymarin complex (0.08%) in callus culture of S. marianum was induced by 168 h elicitor application of a concentration 1.159 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L, which represents contents of silydianin (0.03%), silychristin (0.01%) and isosilybin A (0.04%) compared with control. All three tested concentrations of compound II, N-(2-bromo-3-methylphenyl)-5-tert-butylpyrazin-2-carboxamide increased the flavonoid production in callus culture of O. arvensis in a statistically significant way. The best elicitation effect of all elicitor concentrations had the weakest c₃ concentration (8.36 × 10⁻⁶ mol/L) after 168 h time of duration. The maximum content of flavonoids (about 5,900%) in suspension culture of O. arvensis was induced by 48 h application of c₃ concentration (8.36 × 10⁻⁶ mol/L).
- MeSH
- amidy chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Fabaceae chemie cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- flavonoidy biosyntéza chemie MeSH
- flavonolignany biosyntéza chemie MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- ostropestřec mariánský chemie cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- pyraziny chemie farmakologie MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Variations in total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as antioxidant activity of Bellis perennis (common daisy) flowers were investigated. The flowers were collected monthly (from March to October, i.e., during the usual flowering season of the plant) at three localities in three different years. Total flavonoids were determined spectrophotometrically by two methods: by formation of a complex with aluminium chloride after acidic hydrolysis of flower extracts (method 1) and by reaction with boric and oxalic acids in extracts without their modification (method 2). Total phenolics were determined spectrophotometrically using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The antioxidant activity was determined spectrophotometrically by a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The contents of flavonoids varied from 0.31 to 0.44 mg quercetin equivalent/100 mg dry weight (method 1) and from 1.37 to 2.20 mg pigenin-7-glucoside equivalent/100 mg dry weight (method 2). Total phenolics ranged from 2.81 to 3.57 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 mg dry weight. The antioxidant activity expressed as IC(50) values varied from 66.03 to 89.27 µg/mL; it is about 50, 30, 20, and 10 times lower as compared with quercetin, ascorbic acid, Trolox®, and butylhydroxytoluene, respectively, and about five times higher in comparison with apigenin-7-glucoside. There is a significant correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolics. No correlation between total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity was observed. Contents of phenolics and flavonoids as well as antioxidant activity of daisy flowers vary to a relatively small extent during the year and are not dependant on the time of collection. Thus, the flowers possess comparable quality as to these characteristics over the whole flowering season of Bellis perennis. Effects of environmental factors on the amounts of secondary metabolites in plants are also discussed.
- MeSH
- Asteraceae chemie metabolismus MeSH
- bifenylové sloučeniny chemie MeSH
- flavonoidy chemie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- květy chemie metabolismus MeSH
- pikráty chemie MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů chemie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The aim of this study was to characterize carotenoids and flavonoids present in French marigold flowers (Tagetes patula "Durango Red") as well as to assess the effects of harvest dates and postharvest treatments on these compounds. Carotenoids and flavonoids were quantified using their respective standards or semiquantified using relevant related standards. Lutein and its derivatives largely dominated the flower carotenoids, while the flavonoids were diverse with patuletin leading the list. Of the different postharvest treatments, ensilage leads to the highest content of carotenoids (from 5.0 to 7.8 g kg-1 dw) and flavonoids (from 19 to 50 g kg-1 dw). The composition of individual flavonoids was greatly influenced by different postharvest treatments, while the influence of harvest dates was secondary. Ensilage and drying induced separate metabolic pathways leading to degradation of high-molecular glycosidic compounds, converting the compounds either to their aglycones or into the intermediate flavonoid glycosides. We conclude that according to the intended industrial application, different postharvest techniques can be employed to acquire desired flavonoids on a large scale.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- flavonoidy chemie metabolismus MeSH
- karotenoidy chemie metabolismus MeSH
- květy chemie růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- lutein chemie metabolismus MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie metabolismus MeSH
- Tagetes chemie růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Práce je zaměřena na kultivaci explantátových kultur šišáku bajkalského (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgii) a na možnosti ovlivnění produkce sekundárních metabolitů v těchto kulturách. Práce měla za cíl stanovit, zda je transport baicalinu přes vakuolární membránu závislý na přítomnosti Mg-ATP. Z výsledků vyplývá, že Mg-ATP má na rychlost transportu pozitivní vliv. Transportní mechanismus pro baicalin tedy pravděpodobně náleží k MRP proteinům, které jsou podskupinou ABC transportérů.
This work focused on the cultivation of S. baicalensis Georgii in vitro cultures and on the possibilities of increasing the production of secondary metabolites in these cultures. The aim of the study was to determine whether the baicalin transport through vacuolar membrane is dependent on the presence of Mg-ATP. Our results showed that Mg-ATP had a significant effect on the ratio of baicalin and baicalein content and on the transport speed of these flavonoids. Therefore, the transport mechanism for baicalin are probably some of the MRP proteins which are the subfamily of the ABC transporters.
In this study, an in-depth analysis of the unique set of rosehip samples from 71 Rosa genotypes was conducted with the aim to identify the most suitable ones for applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries based on the content of biologically active compounds. In the first part of our experiments, the antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and the genotypes with the highest values were selected for the follow-up analysis. In the second part of experiments, the major classes of biologically active compounds in rosehips such as carotenoids, tocopherols, flavonoids, and triterpenoic acids were further quantified using liquid chromatography-based techniques. Large variation was observed among all the analyzed compounds with intraspecific variation often hiding interspecific or intersectional differences. The compounds studied herein thus do not provide a sharp tool for chemotaxonomic resolution of the genus Rosa. High intraspecific variation indicates the necessity to screen and utilize individual rose genotypes rather than representatives of the species when searching for sources of biologically active compounds. In the final stage of the study, 10 genotypes were selected for further cultivation and use, based on the highest concentrations of the analyzed biologically active compounds.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- bifenylové sloučeniny MeSH
- flavonoidy MeSH
- pikráty MeSH
- Rosa * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
