K, Hurkova*
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Tiger nuts and tiger nut milk are well-known Valencian products, and step-by-step these tubers and the tuber-based beverage are becoming more and more relevant products in international markets. However, the increasing demand and success of Valencian tiger nuts did not allow protected designation of origin (PDO) tuber to supply the domestic and international markets. Therefore, the verification of the geographical origin is highly required. In this research, the main objective was to combine an advance analytical method and chemometrics tools in order to decipher the geographical origin of 45 tiger nut samples from (i) 'Xufa de València' PDO and (ii) African samples. The analytical method, based on solid-liquid extraction followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) metabolomics approach, highlighted sensitivity and wide linear dynamic range in order to simultaneously analyse polar and non-polar metabolites. After data processing, a pronounced sample clustering according to the geographical origin was clearly observed using unsupervised models, and supervised models revealed that tiger nuts lipidome was associated with the geographical origin. As a result, African samples highlighted an overexpression of phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamine 34:1, and triacylgricerols crosslinked to environmental stress and alteration of membrane lipid compositions.
Popularity of natural-based preparations supporting the sexual potency significantly increased in recent years, which also led to the increase of illegal use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE-5) in sexual performance enhancement products. In this study, a rapid U-HPLC‒HRMS/MS method has been developed to simultaneously determine 59 PDE-5 inhibitors and their analogues. Within the development of sensitive method for analysis of 59 PDE-5 inhibitors and their analogues, both sample preparation procedure, as well as separation / detection conditions have been optimized. Extraction efficiency of particular extraction solvents, influence of different mobile phase additives on target analytes separation, as well as impact of various settings of mass analyzer on sensitivity of detection were examined. Data were collected in the 'full MS/data dependent MS/MS' acquisition mode (full MS-dd-MS/MS). Before the U-HPLC‒HRMS/MS method was used for analysis of real samples, proper validation had been conducted. The precision of the method expressed as the relative standard deviation (RSD) was ≤4.2% and ≤5.2% at spiking concentrations 5 μg/g and 0.25 μg/g, respectively. The limits of quantification were in the range 0.25 - 0.05 μg/g and the recovery ranged between 71 and 90%. The optimized method was successfully applied for analysis of 64 real samples, and 10 of them were proved to contain both registered or unregistered synthetic PDE-5 inhibitors. Additionally, the acquired U-HPLC‒HRMS/MS fingerprints were demonstrated to serve as an efficient tool for revealing of other type of possible fraud in products labeling. Retrospective mining of markers of herbs declared on dietary supplements packaging allowed to assess the trueness / untruth in the declaration of medical herbs composition.
- MeSH
- fytonutrienty analýza normy MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 5 analýza MeSH
- kontaminace léku prevence a kontrola MeSH
- limita detekce MeSH
- padělané léky analýza MeSH
- podvod prevence a kontrola MeSH
- potravní doplňky analýza normy MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie metody MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) is a crop traditionally grown in Valencia Region (Spain) and other temperate and tropical regions in the world, where its tubers are commonly consumed as tiger nut milk (horchata). Because of their nutritive potential and original taste, these products are beginning to spread internationally and, as consequence, analytical procedures to assess nutritional profiles, quality control issues are acquiring increasing relevance. The main objective of this study was to use an advance analytical method and chemometrics tools to determine if the ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatment necessary to extend the shelf life of tiger nut milk would affect the profile of nutrients when compared to fresh product. A cold solvent extraction followed by liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) was used. Datasets obtained from UHT and fresh tiger nut milk data were analyzed through an untargeted metabolomics approach to compare chemical patterns, highlighting differences in citric acid esters of mono- diglycerides (CITREM) and monoacylglycerol (MAG) used as emulsifiers of UHT products, and a remarkably higher abundance of biotin, phosphatidic acid (PA) and L-arginine in fresh products. These results showed that untargeted metabolomics through high resolution tandem mass spectrometry allowed fine differences between food products to be found, therefore, the nutrient lost caused by UHT treatment was clearly discerned.
- MeSH
- aminokyseliny analýza MeSH
- analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
- cukry analýza chemie MeSH
- Cyperus chemie metabolismus MeSH
- diglyceridy chemie MeSH
- emulgátory chemie MeSH
- kvalita jídla * MeSH
- mastné kyseliny analýza chemie MeSH
- metabolomika * MeSH
- monoglyceridy chemie MeSH
- oleje rostlin analýza chemie metabolismus MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- vitaminy analýza MeSH
- vysoká teplota MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Impact of processing on product characteristics, sustainability, traceability, authenticity, and public health along the food chain becomes more and more important not only to the producer but also to the customer and the trust of a consumer toward a brand. In recent years, the number of juices and smoothies containing so called super foods or fruits, which have been "gently pasteurized," has increased significantly. However, the term "gentle pasteurization" related to the application of emerging preservation technologies such as pulsed electric fields (PEF), high pressure processing (HPP) or ohmic heating (OH) is not clearly defined. METHODS: Therefore, the presented study investigated the influence of PEF, HPP, OH, and thermal treatment on quality characteristics and microbial safety of sea buckthorn syrup. Syrups from two different varieties were investigated under the following conditions HPP (600 MPa 4-8 min), OH (83°C and 90°C), PEF (29.5 kV/cm, 6 μs, 100 Hz), and thermal (88°C, hot filling). Analyses to test the influence on quality parameters like ascorbic acid (AA), flavonoids, carotenoids, tocopherols, antioxidant activity; metabolomical/chemical profiling (fingerprinting) via U-HPLC-HRMS/MS (here especially flavonoids and fatty acids); sensory evaluation, as well as microbial stability including storage, were conducted. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Independent from the treatment, the samples were stable over 8 weeks of storage at 4°C. The influence on the nutrient content [Ascorbic acid (AA), total antioxidant activity (TAA), total phenolic compounds (TPC), tocopherols (Vit E)] was similar for all tested technologies. Employing statistical evaluation Principal Component Analysis (PCA) a clear clustering based on the processing technologies was observed. Flavonoids as well as fatty acids were significantly impacted by the type of used preservation technology. This was obvious during the storage time of PEF and HPP syrups, where enzyme activity was still active. The color as well as taste of the syrups were found to be more fresh-like for the HPP treated samples.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- klinická logopedie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poruchy řeči MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- křivice, PHEX, FGF23,
- MeSH
- dědičnost MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- fosfáty aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- hypofosfatemie genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- rachitida * diagnóza etiologie metabolismus patologie prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- vitamin D biosyntéza MeSH
- vývojové poruchy u dětí MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
