Langrová, Iva*
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
In this first report about pinworms peptidases we primarily characterize peptidases released during in vitro maintenance of two common pinworms of laboratory animals -Syphacia muris and Passalurus ambiguus. The peptidase activity obtained using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed the presence of peptidases from S. muris with a wide range of molecular size (25-110 kDa), which degrades gelatin and mucin at alkaline pH levels. P. ambiguus released serine and aspartyl peptidases degrading gelatin at all tested pH (3, 5, 7, and 9) and at acidic pH Passalurus released aspartyl and cysteine peptidases which are active against mucin.
- MeSH
- EDTA farmakologie MeSH
- elektroforéza v polyakrylamidovém gelu MeSH
- inhibitory proteas farmakologie MeSH
- interakce hostitele a parazita fyziologie MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- laboratorní zvířata MeSH
- molekulová hmotnost MeSH
- muciny metabolismus MeSH
- oxyuriáza parazitologie MeSH
- Oxyuroidea enzymologie MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- proteasy chemie metabolismus MeSH
- substrátová specifita MeSH
- sulfony farmakologie MeSH
- želatina metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The effect of moxidectin against natural Muellerius capillaris infection in goats was evaluated in this study. Long-acting moxidectin at a single dose of 1 mg kg(-1) body weight was administered to an entire flock (n=10) of goats. The individual faecal larval count reduction was applied as an indicator of treatment efficacy. A significant reduction (>98%) in larval counts was observed in all surveyed animals 14 days after drug administration. Moxidectin demonstrated persistent activity in this study; the mean faecal larval count reduction was 99.1% ± 1.8 on day 77 of the treatment. Macroscopic abnormalities and histological changes in the lungs of two infected goats were evident during the post-mortem examination. The pathological consequences of M. capillaris infection were observed even three months after parasite elimination. The results of this study indicate that moxidectin is a highly effective anthelmintic agent for the control of muelleriosis in goats. This drug provides animals with fifteen weeks of protections against M. capillaris reinfection.
- MeSH
- anthelmintika terapeutické užití MeSH
- feces parazitologie MeSH
- kozy MeSH
- larva MeSH
- makrolidy terapeutické užití MeSH
- Metastrongyloidea fyziologie MeSH
- nematodózy farmakoterapie patologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci koz farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- parazitární zátěž veterinární MeSH
- plíce patologie MeSH
- počet parazitárních vajíček veterinární MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This study evaluated patterns and species composition of parasitic infections detected over a 1-year period at an organic goat farm. As a result of coprological examination, the overall prevalence of observed strongylids (99%), coccidia of the genus Eimeria (98%), and Muellerius capillaris lungworms (93%) was calculated. The most prevalent strongylids recovered from incubated fecal samples were Haemonchus contortus (42%), genera Trichostrongylus (23%), Oesophagostomum columbianum (13%), and Teladorsagia circumcincta (11%). A maximum intensity of coccidia infection 5150 oocysts per gram, strongylids infection 9900 eggs per gram and lungworm infection 867.26 larvae per gram were detected. The various effects (including environment, host, and parasites) on milk yield, lactose, protein, and fat were evaluated using generalized linear mixed models. Milk yield (P < 0.0001), milk fat (P < 0.01), and lactose (P < 0.0001) were affected by month, i.e., these parameters were influenced by the month of the year, regardless of the individual goat. With the intensity of infection detected in our study, only protein content was affected (P < 0.01) by parasitic infection (exclusively caused by strongylids). Correlation between measurements from one individual revealed that the goat itself can substantially decrease protein content but has much less of an effect on fat, milk yield, and lactose. Based on our results, we can conclude that a low intensity of parasitic infections does not significantly affect milk yield and the qualitative parameters of milk.
- MeSH
- biozemědělství MeSH
- ezofágostomiáza epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- farmy MeSH
- feces parazitologie MeSH
- Haemonchus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- hemonchóza epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- infekce hlísticemi řádu Strongylida epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- kozy parazitologie MeSH
- Metastrongyloidea izolace a purifikace MeSH
- mléko sekrece MeSH
- nemoci koz epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- Oesophagostomum izolace a purifikace MeSH
- počet parazitárních vajíček veterinární MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- trichostrongylóza epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- Trichostrongylus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
Contamination of soil with feline and canine ascarid eggs in public parks, backyards and sand pits in Prague, Czech Republic was investigated in this work. Soil samples from shelters and rural areas were also collected. The comparison of soil from different areas (urban, rural, backyards and shelters) exhibited significant difference (chi(2)=32.16, d.f.=3 and p<0.0001). The highest rate of contamination (45%) was found in backyards inhabited by feral cats. The eggs of Toxocara spp. were found in 20.4% of parks, 10% of shelters and 5% of rural samples. Mean egg density per sample from Prague parks was 6.2 eggs/100g of soil. In 126 composite samples from children's and pits, the prevalence of Toxocara eggs was 11.90%. The number of eggs in positive samples varied from 2 to 22 (per 100g). A high proportion (46.9%) of eggs was fully embryonated. There was no difference between the sand pits with or without formal exclusion of dogs (chi(2)=0.6, d.f.=1 and p<0.0001).
- MeSH
- feces parazitologie MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- kočky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
- počet parazitárních vajíček veterinární MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- psi MeSH
- půda parazitologie MeSH
- Toxocara izolace a purifikace MeSH
- toxokaróza epidemiologie přenos MeSH
- veřejná zařízení MeSH
- veřejné zdravotnictví MeSH
- zdraví ve městech MeSH
- zdraví venkovských oblastí MeSH
- zoonózy MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kočky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
We monitored concentrations of Cd, Cu, Mn and Zn in acantocephalan parasites (Acanthocephalus lucii) and its final host (Perca fluviatilis). The concentrations in parasites were found to be significantly higher than those found in the muscle, gonads and liver of fish host. The bioaccumulation factor values (BF=C(parasite)/C(host muscle)) were 194, 24.4, 2.2 and 4.7 for Cd, Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively. This suggests a benefit for the host due to the high accumulation of toxic cadmium.
- MeSH
- Acanthocephala chemie MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- kadmium analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- mangan analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- měď analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
- okounovití metabolismus parazitologie MeSH
- sladká voda MeSH
- střeva parazitologie MeSH
- těžké kovy analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- tkáňová distribuce MeSH
- velkoměsta MeSH
- zinek analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- velkoměsta MeSH
The main objective of this study was to determine how rat tapeworms affect the excretion of zinc and cadmium through rat feces. Male rats (Rattus norvegicus var. alba) were divided into four groups, and the experiment was conducted over a 6-week period. The control groups (00; 0T) were provided with a standard ST-1 rodent mixture and received 10.5 mg of Zn/week. Groups P0 and PT were fed a mixture supplemented with the hyperaccumulating plant Arabidopsis halleri at a dosage of 123 mg Zn/week and 2.46 mg Cd/week. Groups 0T and PT were infected with the rat tapeworm (Hymenolepis diminuta). Fecal samples were collected 24 h post exposure. Zinc and cadmium concentrations in rat feces were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Tapeworm presence decreased the amount of metals excreted through the feces of the host throughout the entire experiment, with the exception of 1 week (control group). No statistically significant differences between zinc excretion rates in the control groups (00 and 0T) were detected at any time throughout the experiment. A statistically significant difference between zinc excretion rates (p < 0.05) in the exposed groups (P0 and PT) was detected in 2 of the 6 monitored weeks. Group PT excreted significantly less cadmium (p < 0.01) than group P0 did in three of the 6 weeks. Overall, our results indicate that tapeworms are able to influence the excretion of metals by their host. Tapeworms accumulate metals from intestinal contents. It is not clear whether tapeworms carry out this process before the host tissues absorb the metals from the intestines or the tapeworms accumulate metals excreted from the body of the host back to the intestines. Most likely, it is a combination of both phenomena.
- MeSH
- cestodózy metabolismus MeSH
- feces chemie MeSH
- gastrointestinální obsah chemie MeSH
- Hymenolepis diminuta metabolismus MeSH
- kadmium farmakokinetika MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí farmakokinetika MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- zinek farmakokinetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
