Dr. David McIntosh je ředitelem sekce infekčních chorob společnosti Wyeth. Působí mj. na Imperial College a na Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children v Londýně. Dále je hostujícím profesorem 3. kliniky infekčních a tropických nemocí 1. LF UK a FN Na Bulovce v Praze.

• MeSH
• kontrola infekčních nemocí MeSH
• vakcinace MeSH
• Publikační typ
• rozhovory MeSH

Rezistence na antibiotika je v současnosti problém, který ovlivňuje pacienty, lékaře, mikrobiology i širší zdravotnickou obec. Zahrnuje jak hospitalizované pacienty, tak ty, kteří jsou léčeni mimo nemocniční zařízení. Z lékařů problematika zasahuje do činnosti jak chirurgů, tak ostatních specialistů. Širší zdravotnická obec je pak zasažena uzavíráním lůžkových kapacit, zvýšením finančních nákladů a následnými důsledky ve fungování zdravotnického systému při vypuknutí epidemií. Řešení problematiky rezistence na antibiotika je často ztěžováno praktickou potřebou lékařů léčit pacienty právě těmi antibiotiky, které problém zhoršují.

Antibiotic resistance is a contemporary problem affecting patients, doctors, microbiologists and the wider medical community. The patients include both those who are hospitalised and those treated in the community. The doctors include physicians and surgeons alike. The wider medical community is affected by outbreaks, bed closures, costs and a far-reaching impact on the efficient functioning of the healthcare system. Solutions to the problem of antibiotic resistance are often at odds with the practical need for doctors to treat patients with the very antibiotics which are fuelling the problem.

• MeSH
• Acinetobacter baumannii genetika   imunologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• léková rezistence genetika   imunologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové transportní proteiny genetika   účinky léků   MeSH
• minocyklin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa genetika   imunologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• eklampsie diagnóza   MeSH
• HELLP syndrom diagnóza   MeSH
• hemolytické anemie * diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• perinatální péče MeSH
• počet trombocytů MeSH
• preeklampsie diagnóza   MeSH
• rizikové těhotenství MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• trombocytopenie * diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• trombotická trombocytopenická purpura diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH

Stem rust is an important disease of wheat that can be controlled using resistance genes. The gene SuSr-D1 identified in cultivar 'Canthatch' suppresses stem rust resistance. SuSr-D1 mutants are resistant to several races of stem rust that are virulent on wild-type plants. Here we identify SuSr-D1 by sequencing flow-sorted chromosomes, mutagenesis, and map-based cloning. The gene encodes Med15, a subunit of the Mediator Complex, a conserved protein complex in eukaryotes that regulates expression of protein-coding genes. Nonsense mutations in Med15b.D result in expression of stem rust resistance. Time-course RNAseq analysis show a significant reduction or complete loss of differential gene expression at 24 h post inoculation in med15b.D mutants, suggesting that transcriptional reprogramming at this time point is not required for immunity to stem rust. Suppression is a common phenomenon and this study provides novel insight into suppression of rust resistance in wheat.

• MeSH
• Basidiomycota patogenita   MeSH
• chromozomy rostlin genetika   MeSH
• duplikace genu MeSH
• exprese genu MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• imunita rostlin genetika   MeSH
• lipnicovité klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• mapování chromozomů MeSH
• mediátorový komplex genetika   MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• nemoci rostlin genetika   imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• odolnost vůči nemocem genetika   MeSH
• pšenice genetika   imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u rostlin MeSH
• rostlinné geny genetika   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

The N1303K mutation was identified in the second nucleotide binding fold of the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene last year. We have gathered data from laboratories throughout Europe and the United States of America in order to estimate its frequency and to attempt to characterise the clinical manifestations of this mutation. N1303K, identified on 216 of nearly 15,000 CF chromosomes tested, accounts for 1.5% of all CF chromosomes. The frequency of the N1303K allele varies significantly between countries and ethnic groups, being more common in Southern than in Northern Europe. This variation is independent of the delta F508 allele. It was not found on UK Asian, American Black or Australian chromosomes. N1303K is associated with four different linked marker haplotypes for the polymorphic markers XV-2c, KM.19 and pMP6d-9. Ten patients are homozygous for this mutation, whereas 106 of the remainder carry one of 12 known CF mutations in the other CF allele. We classify N1303K as a "severe" mutation with respect to the pancreas, but can find no correlation between this mutation, in either the homozygous or heterozygous state, and the severity of lung disease.

• MeSH
• cystická fibróza * genetika   MeSH
• exprese genu * genetika   MeSH
• haplotypy genetika   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové proteiny * genetika   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• mutace * genetika   MeSH
• protein CFTR MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• Virologie,
• MeSH
• virologie MeSH
• virové nemoci MeSH
• viry MeSH

• Konspekt
• Mikrobiologie
• NLK Obory
• mikrobiologie, lékařská mikrobiologie
• infekční lékařství
• virologie

IMPORTANCE: A recently published study of national data by McGrath et al in 2014 showed increased risk of schizophrenia (SCZ) in offspring associated with both early and delayed parental age, consistent with a U-shaped relationship. However, it remains unclear if the risk to the child is due to psychosocial factors associated with parental age or if those at higher risk for SCZ tend to have children at an earlier or later age. OBJECTIVE: To determine if there is a genetic association between SCZ and age at first birth (AFB) using genetically informative but independently ascertained data sets. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This investigation used multiple independent genome-wide association study data sets. The SCZ sample comprised 18 957 SCZ cases and 22 673 controls in a genome-wide association study from the second phase of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, and the AFB sample comprised 12 247 genotyped women measured for AFB from the following 4 community cohorts: Estonia (Estonian Genome Center Biobank, University of Tartu), the Netherlands (LifeLines Cohort Study), Sweden (Swedish Twin Registry), and the United Kingdom (TwinsUK). Schizophrenia genetic risk for each woman in the AFB community sample was estimated using genetic effects inferred from the SCZ genome-wide association study. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: We tested if SCZ genetic risk was a significant predictor of response variables based on published polynomial functions that described the relationship between maternal age and SCZ risk in offspring in Denmark. We substituted AFB for maternal age in these functions, one of which was corrected for the age of the father, and found that the fit was superior for the model without adjustment for the father's age. RESULTS: We observed a U-shaped relationship between SCZ risk and AFB in the community cohorts, consistent with the previously reported relationship between SCZ risk in offspring and maternal age when not adjusted for the age of the father. We confirmed that SCZ risk profile scores significantly predicted the response variables (coefficient of determination R2 = 1.1E-03, P = 4.1E-04), reflecting the published relationship between maternal age and SCZ risk in offspring by McGrath et al in 2014. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study provides evidence for a significant overlap between genetic factors associated with risk of SCZ and genetic factors associated with AFB. It has been reported that SCZ risk associated with increased maternal age is explained by the age of the father and that de novo mutations that occur more frequently in the germline of older men are the underlying causal mechanism. This explanation may need to be revised if, as suggested herein and if replicated in future studies, there is also increased genetic risk of SCZ in older mothers.

• MeSH
• alely MeSH
• celogenomová asociační studie * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci genetika   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pořadí narození * MeSH
• riziko MeSH
• schizofrenie genetika   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• věk matky * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Dánsko MeSH

• MeSH
• bolest rehabilitace   MeSH
• management bolesti MeSH
• muskuloskeletální nemoci rehabilitace   MeSH

• Konspekt
• Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
• NLK Obory
• ortopedie
• rehabilitační a fyzikální medicína
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie

• MeSH
• antiinfekční látky terapeutické užití   MeSH
• infekční nemoci MeSH
• klinické lékařství MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NLK Obory
• infekční lékařství
• NLK Publikační typ
• učebnice vysokých škol
• kolektivní monografie

• MeSH
• artroplastiky kloubů MeSH
• artroskopie MeSH
• loketní kloub chirurgie   MeSH
• nemoci kloubů chirurgie   terapie   MeSH
• poranění lokte MeSH
• totální endoprotéza loketního kloubu MeSH
• záchranná terapie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
• NLK Obory
• ortopedie
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie