The extensive use and bioaccumulation of Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) over time raise concerns about their impact on health, including mental issues such as depression. This study aims to evaluate the association between PFAS and depression. In addition, considering the importance of PFAS as an endocrine disruptor and in adipogenesis, the analyses will also be stratified by body fat status. A cross-sectional study with 479 subjects (56.4% women, 25-89 years) was conducted. Four PFAS were measured: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). The Poisson regression model was applied using robust error variances. The fully adjusted model included age, sex, educational level, income, smoking, physical activity, body fat percentage, and the questionnaire to assess depression. The prevalence of depression and high body fat was 7.9% and 41.1%, respectively. Only PFOA was significantly associated with depression in the entire sample (prevalence rate (PR): 1.91; confidence interval (CI95%): 1.01-3.65). However, in the group with normal adiposity, PFOA (3.20, CI95%: 1.46-7.01), PFNA (2.54, CI95%: 1.29-5.00), and PFDA (2.09, CI95%: 1.09-4.00) were also significant. Future research should investigate the role of obesity as well as the biological plausibility and possible mechanisms increasing the limited number of evidences between PFAS and depression.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Even though there is evidence of decreasing trends of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Czechia, there are still major sources of PFAS pollution. Regarding the still-inconsistent results of the relationship between cardiometabolic health and PFAS, the present study sought to determine the association between PFAS levels and the presence of cardiometabolic biomarkers, including blood pressure and dysglycemia drivers in the Czech population. A cross-sectional study with 479 subjects (56.4% women, median: 53 years, range: 25-89) was conducted. Four PFAS were measured in serum: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). The associations between natural log (ln)-transformed PFAS and cardiometabolic biomarkers were assessed through generalized additive models using linear regression and smoothing thin plate splines, adjusted for potential confounders. There were positive and significant (p < 0.05) associations between the ln-transformed PFOA and glucose (β = 0.01), systolic (β = 0.76) and diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.65); total cholesterol (β = 0.07) and LDL-c (β = 0.04); and PFOS with glucose (β = 0.03), BMI (β = 2.26), waist circumference (β = 7.89), systolic blood pressure (β = 1.18), total cholesterol (β = 0.13), and HDL-c (β = 0.04). When significant, the correlations of PFNA and PFDA were negative. Of the four PFAS, only PFOA and PFOS showed a positive association, even in serum levels not as high as the values from the literature.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• cholesterol MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fluorokarbony * MeSH
• glukosa MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci * epidemiologie   MeSH
• kyseliny alkansulfonové * MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a large group of persistent synthetic chemicals widely used commercially. They accumulate increasingly in all environmental components and enter the organisms, including humans. Some of them are associated with the risk of harm to health, among others with metabolic disorders. To test the associations between blood serum levels of PFASs and blood lipid profile as well as metabolic syndrome, we linked human biomonitoring with the Czech Health Examination Survey (CZ-EHES) conducted in 2019. METHODS: A total of 168 participants of the CZ-EHES survey aged 25-64 years were examined including anthropometrical data and analyses for serum PFAS and blood lipid levels. Extended model approach in multiple linear regression models was used for identification of the associations between serum levels of 11 PFASs and lipid profile components. The relation between PFAS serum levels and metabolic syndrome prevalence was tested using a logistic regression model. RESULTS: Six PFASs were detected over the limit of quantification in at least 40% cases and were examined in subsequent analyses: perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUdA). The most dominant was PFOS with the mean value amounting to 4.81 ng/ml. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found a significant positive association between serum PFHxS and blood total cholesterol (p = 0.005) as well as LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.008). Significant positive association was also found between PFDA and HDL-cholesterol levels (p = 0.010). No significant associations were detected between PFASs and triglycerides, and between PFASs and metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: We found some evidence of a significant association between blood serum PFAS levels and blood cholesterol levels. Our results did not confirm an association between serum PFASs and the metabolic syndrome prevalence.

• MeSH
• cholesterol MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fluorokarbony * MeSH
• kyseliny alkansulfonové * MeSH
• kyseliny dekanové * MeSH
• kyseliny sulfonové * MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidy MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * epidemiologie   MeSH
• sérum MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

While the immunomodulation effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are described on the level of clinical signs in epidemiological studies (e.g., suppressed antibody response after vaccination), the underlying mechanism has still not been fully elucidated. To reveal mechanisms of PFAS exposure on immunity, we investigated the genome-wide transcriptomic changes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) responding to PFAS exposure (specifically, exposure to PFPA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFHxS, and PFOS). Blood samples and the chemical load in the blood were analyzed under the cross-sectional CELSPAC: Young Adults study. The overall aim of the study was to identify sensitive gene sets and cellular pathways conserved for multiple PFAS chemicals. Transcriptome networks related to adaptive immunity were perturbed by multiple PFAS exposure (i.e., blood levels of at least four PFASs). Specifically, processes tightly connected with late B cell development, such as B cell receptor signaling, germinal center reactions, and plasma cell development, were shown to be affected. Our comprehensive transcriptome analysis identified the disruption of B cell development, specifically the impact on the maturation of antibody-secreting cells, as a potential mechanism underlying PFAS immunotoxicity.

• MeSH
• fluorokarbony * toxicita   MeSH
• kyseliny alkansulfonové * MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí * MeSH
• leukocyty mononukleární MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• transkriptom MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Východisko. Mimotělní metody nahrazující činnost ledvin představují riziko zvýšení produkce volných radikálů (FR). Párová filtrační dialýza (PFD) je hemodiafiltrační metoda užívaná k náhradě funkce ledvin. Cílem studie bylo posoudit vliv PFD na volné radikály při užití dvou typů hemodiafiltrů. Metody a výsledky. Soubor 9 pravidelně dialyzovaných nemocných byl léčen PFD 1) s hemodiafiltrem SG3, složeným z polysulfonového high-flux hemofiltru a hemophanového low-flux dialyzátoru, 2) s hemodiafiltrem SG30, složeným z identického hemofiltru jako předchozí a polysulfonového low-flux dialyzátoru. Parametry související s FR byly vyšetřovány před, ve 30. minutě a na konci procedury. Plazmatická koncentrace látek reagujících s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou (TBARS) stoupla při PFD s SG3 ve 30. min (3,24±0,36 vs. 3,48±0,31, p<0,01) a na konci procedury (3,24±0,36 vs. 3,38±0,48, p<0,05). Glutathion v erytrocytech (GSH) poklesl ve 30. min PFD s SG3 (1,85±0,27 vs. 1,68±0,20, p<0,05). Antioxidační kapacita plazmy se snížila ve 30. min a na konci PFD, a to stejně významně při obou typech léčby (p<0,001). Glutathionperoxidáza (GSHPx) poklesla ve 30. min PFD s SG30 (35,6±3,8 vs. 32,2±3,1, p<0,05). Selen (Se) v krvi poklesl ve 30. min (44,9±5,4 vs. 40,4±5,9, p<0,05) a na konci PFD s toutéž membránou (44,9±5,4 vs. 39,4±5,2, p<0,05). Závěry. Vzestup TBARS a pokles GSH svědčí pro zvýšený oxidační stres v průběhu PFD s hemodiafiltrem SG3. Změny jsou nejspíše důsledkem kontaktu krve s hemofanovou membránou. Příčinou poklesu GSHPx při PFD s SG30 byly pravděpodobně ztráty Se. Z hlediska produkce FR považujeme za výhodnější hemodiafiltr SG30, z hlediska rizika ztrát Se a snížení aktivity GSHPx hemodiafiltr SG3.

Background. Extracorporeal dialysis compensating kidney function represents a risk of elevated production of free radicals (FR). Paired filtration dialysis (PFD) is a hemodialysing method used to compensate kidney function. The aim of our work was to study effects of PFD with two types of hemodiafiltres on the activity of free radicals. Method and Results. Group of nine regularly dialysed patients was treated with PFD 1) with demodiafilter SG3, composed of polysulphone high-flux hemodiafilter and hemophane low-flux dialysator, 2) with hemodiafilter SG30, composed of identical hemodiafilter as the above on and of a polysulphone low-flux dialysator. Parameters related to FR were examined before, at 30th minute and at the end of procedure. Plasma concentration of substances reacting with thiobarbiturate acid (TBARS) increased at 30th minute when PFD with SG3 was used (3.24±0,36 versus 3.48±0,31, p<0.01) and at the end of the procedure (3.24±0.36 versus 3.58±0.48, p<0.05). Glutathione values in erythrocytes (GSH) decreased at 30th minute of PFD with SG3 (1.85±0.27 versus 1.68±0.20, p<0.05). Plasma antioxidative capacity decreased at 30th minute and at the end of PFD with equal significance when either type of treatment was used (p<0.001). Glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) decreased at 30th minute of PFD with SG30 (35.6±3.8 versus 32.2±3.1, p<0.05). Selenium (Se) in blood decreased at 30th minute (44.9±5.4 versus 40.4±5.9, p<0.05) and at the end of PFD with the same membrane (44.9±5.4 versus 39.4±5.2, p<0.05). Conclusion. Elevation of TBARS and decrease of GSH show the presence of oxidative stress during the PFD treatment with hemodiafilter SG3. Changes probably result from the contact of blood with the hemophane membrane. The decrease of GSHPx during PFD with hemodiafilter SG30 is probably caused by the loss of Se. From the point of FR production, hemodiafilter SG30 can be considered as more advantageous, from the point of Se. From the point of FR production, hemodiafilter SG30 can be considered as more advantageous, from the point of Se loss and decreased activity of GSHPx, hemodiafilter SG3 has better effects.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• chronické selhání ledvin MeSH
• dialýza ledvin metody   MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• glutathionperoxidasa krev   MeSH
• hemofiltrace metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• peroxidace lipidů MeSH
• volné radikály MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Persistent organic pollutants, such as perfluorinated alkylated substances (PFASs) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are widespread in the environment and most of them are bioaccumulated in wildlife and humans. The present study is the first investigation to reveal the PFAS and BFR levels of serum samples in the adult population of the Czech Republic. Altogether, 300 serum samples from blood donors in four cities were examined. In all samples 19 PFASs and 33 BFRs, including some of their metabolites, were targeted. The analyses were performed using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry or gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (according to the type of analyte). PFASs, with the carbon chain length C6 and higher, dominated in all samples. Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS; median: 2.43ng/mL), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; median: 0.756ng/mL), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA; median: 0.145ng/mL) and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS; median: 0.184ng/mL) were detected in 100% of samples. Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA; median: 0.325ng/mL) and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUdA; median: 0.058ng/mL) in 99.7% and 96.0% of samples, respectively. We observed statistically significant associations (p<0.05) between selected PFAS concentrations and the locality, gender, age of donors and education level. None of the BFRs was detected above the LOQ in more than 9% of the samples. The most frequently detected representatives of this group were congeners of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, namely BDE-47 (in 8.7%; range: 0.496-5.44ng/g lipid weight (l.w.)), BDE-99 (in 6.0%; range: 0.706-9.46ng/g l.w.), BDE-153 (in 7.3%; range: 0.736-6.44ng/g l.w.) and BDE-209 (in 7.0%; range: 13.7-2693ng/g l.w.).

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fluorokarbony krev   MeSH
• halogenované difenylethery krev   MeSH
• kyseliny alkansulfonové krev   MeSH
• kyseliny karboxylové krev   MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• polybrombifenylové sloučeniny krev   MeSH
• retardanty hoření analýza   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• velkoměsta MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• velkoměsta MeSH

Many perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. They have been widely used in production processes and daily-use products or may result from degradation of precursor compounds in products or the environment. India, with its developing industrialization and population moving from traditional to contemporary lifestyles, represents an interesting case study to investigate PFAS emission and exposure along steep environmental and socioeconomic gradients. This study assesses PFAS concentrations in river and groundwater (used in this region as drinking water) from several locations along the Ganges River and estimates direct emissions, specifically for PFOS and PFOA. 15 PFAS were frequently detected in the river with the highest concentrations observed for PFHxA (0.4-4.7 ng L(-1)) and PFBS (

• MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   MeSH
• fluorokarbony analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• pitná voda analýza   normy   MeSH
• podzemní voda chemie   MeSH
• řeky chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Indie MeSH

Chronická postfundoplikační dysfagie (PFD) není častá, ale představuje závažnou komplikaci antirefluxní operace. Standardním řešením je v současnosti pouze reoperace, neboť endoskopická pneumatická nebo hydraulická dilatace nejsou v této indikaci účinné. Perorální endoskopická myotomie (POEM) dnes představuje zlatý standard v léčbě pacientů s achalázií jícnu, u pacientů s PFD se však jedná o metodu experimentální a její klinická účinnost není známá. Naše kazuistika popisuje případ pacientky po fundoplikaci a následné reoperaci, u které došlo v průběhu let k rozvoji těžké dysfagie s progresivním váhovým úbytkem, bez adekvátní odpovědi na několik absolvovaných etap endoskopické dilatace. Jako ultimum refugium byla v tomto případě zvažovaná ezofagektomie. Případ byl diskutován na multioborovém semináři a po provedení doplňujících vyšetření (EndoFLIP) byl u pacientky nekomplikovaně proveden POEM s výborným efektem. Výkon proběhl bez jakýchkoli komplikací.

Although uncommon, chronic postfundoplication dysphagia (PFD) is a serious complication of antireflux surgery. Currently, reoperation is the only possible solution as endoscopic pneumatic or hydraulic dilation are not effective. At present, POEM represents a standard method for the treatment of esophageal achalasia; however, in patients with PFD it is an experimental approach whose clinical effectiveness is unknown. Our case report describes a female patient who suffered from severe PFD after two surgeries (fundoplication and subsequent reoperation). Dysphagia and progressive weight loss had developed over the years and all treatment attempts (several sessions of dilation) were unsuccessful. Subsequently, esophageal resection was considered as the last resort. After a discussion in a multidisciplinary team and additional examinations (EndoFLIP), POEM was performed without any complications, and the procedure had an excellent effect without any adverse events.

• Klíčová slova
• pneumatická dilatace,
• MeSH
• dilatace metody   MeSH
• fundoplikace metody   MeSH
• laparoskopie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poruchy polykání * chirurgie   etiologie   MeSH
• pyloromyotomie * metody   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• fyziologie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• učebnice MeSH

• Konspekt
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
• NLK Obory
• fyziologie

• MeSH
• nemoci dýchací soustavy chirurgie   rehabilitace   terapie   MeSH
• pneumologie MeSH
• poruchy dýchání terapie   MeSH
• posudkové řízení ve zdravotní péči MeSH
• respirační funkční testy MeSH
• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH
• kongresy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína