Q112463885
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Our previous study showed that a diet enriched with 400 g of carp per week improved plasma lipids in subjects after aortocoronary bypass (CABG). The aim of the present study is to determine whether the different carp farming systems have an impact on the effects of carp meat in secondary cardiovascular prevention. We examined 3 groups of patients after CABG over a 4-week period of spa treatment (108 persons, 73 males, 35 females, age over 60 years). We found no differences in baseline values of blood pressure or plasma lipids. The patients were given a standard spa diet (controls; N=36) or a diet enriched of 400 g of carp meat per week, enriched omega 3 (N=37) or cereal carp (N=35). Plasma lipid parameters were examined at start and after 4 weeks in a routine laboratory setting. Group consuming omega-3 carp showed the largest decline in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and an increase in HDL cholesterol (all p<0.01). We found that carp meat from the two production systems showed significantly different effects on plasma lipids. Further trials should be performed to clarify the exact causes of the differences.
- MeSH
- ischemická choroba srdeční krev dietoterapie epidemiologie MeSH
- kapři * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- omega-3 mastné kyseliny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- sekundární prevence metody MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stravovací zvyklosti * MeSH
- vodní hospodářství metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Česká republika zaujímá přední příčky v úmrtnosti v souvislosti s kardiovaskulárními chorobami. Vedle dalších příčin je důvodem nesprávná životospráva. Zvýšením kvality rybího masa a jeho vyšší spotřebou lze tento trend zmírnit. Příjem omega 3 mastných kyselin, jejichž nejdůležitějším zdrojem jsou právě ryby, pozitivně ovlivňuje lipidové hodnoty v krevní plazmě, jako jsou celkový cholesterol (TC), nízkodenzitní cholesterol (LDL-C), vysokodenzitní cholesterol (HDL-C) a triglyceridy (TG). To bylo potvrzeno klinickou studií na pacientech po operaci srdce, kterým bylo do jídelníčku zařazeno maso kapra obecného se zvýšeným obsahem omega 3 mastných kyselin.
The Czech Republic is one of the leading countries with a top possitions in mortality related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Among other the influence of diet is large in populations. Amouns as well as quality of fish consumption is one way to mitigate this trend. Intake of long chain omega 3 fatty acids (LCPUFA), which are present mainly in fish, has beneficial effects on plasma lipid parameters, such as low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). A clinical study on subjects after major cardiac revascularization surgery has been performed to investigate the impact of fish intake on CVD markers. The diet of the subjects was enriched with carp flesh with increased omega 3 LCPUFA content.
- MeSH
- cholesterol metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- fyziologie výživy MeSH
- kapři * růst a vývoj MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mastné kyseliny klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- omega-3 mastné kyseliny terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for the development of the nervous system in animals. It is known that pigs are good models for human in many aspects. The aim of the study was to investigate how fat content and FA composition in sows' diet influence FA composition in brain of newborn and in liver and brain of one-day-old piglets, respectively. High fat (6 %) feeds were designed with regard to saturated or polyunsaturated fat content and n-6/n-3 ratio by adding either oats rich in linoleic acid (LA) or linseed oil rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). The ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA was 11 in all three diets (the low fat (3 %), high fat saturated and high fat oats diet), while the ratio in the linseed oil diet was 2. Increased proportion of ALA in the diet increased ALA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in piglets' neutral and polar liver lipids and the long chain PUFA, EPA, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid in piglet brain. The results suggest that transport of n-3 PUFA from sow to piglet was higher via milk than via bloodstream in the uterus and that increased content of ALA in sows' feed led to an increased accumulation of n-3 FA in piglets' liver and brain.
- MeSH
- chromatografie plynová MeSH
- dietní tuky metabolismus MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- kyselina alfa-linolenová metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina eikosapentaenová metabolismus MeSH
- nenasycené mastné kyseliny metabolismus MeSH
- novorozená zvířata MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for the development of the nervous system in animals. It is known that pigs are good models for human in many aspects. The aim of the study was to investigate how fat content and FA composition in sows' diet influence FA composition in brain of newborn and in liver and brain of one-day-old piglets, respectively. High fat (6 %) feeds were designed with regard to saturated or polyunsaturated fat content and n-6/n-3 ratio by adding either oats rich in linoleic acid (LA) or linseed oil rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). The ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA was 11 in all three diets (the low fat (3 %), high fat saturated and high fat oats diet), while the ratio in the linseed oil diet was 2. Increased proportion of ALA in the diet increased ALA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in piglets' neutral and polar liver lipids and the long chain PUFA, EPA, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid in piglet brain. The results suggest that transport of n-3 PUFA from sow to piglet was higher via milk than via bloodstream in the uterus and that increased content of ALA in sows' feed led to an increased accumulation of n-3 FA in piglets' liver and brain.
- MeSH
- cytochrom P-450 CYP1A1 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- dioxoly aplikace a dávkování metabolismus MeSH
- játra metabolismus MeSH
- lignany aplikace a dávkování metabolismus MeSH
- mastné kyseliny metabolismus MeSH
- metabolismus lipidů genetika MeSH
- Salmo salar genetika metabolismus MeSH
- tokoferoly metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
The need of better labelling of fats in processed animal origin products is urgent. The lack of information makes it possible to exclude n-3 fatty acids in preparations of foods. The higher fat content, the higher n-6/n-3 ratio seems to be a rule. It is desirable to broaden the labelling into which oils have been used when foods are processed. The dietary balance of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids is important for homeostasis and normal development in humans. The ratio between n-6/n-3 fatty acids suggested to be evolutionary developed is between 1 and 4. The main conclusion is that the fat sources used during processing and preparation of convenient foods have the largest impact on the food FA content and composition. A proposal is therefore that this should be declared on the product label especially the n-3 FA content. It is also of large importance to increase consumption of freshwater fish fed suitable feeds containing n-3 fatty acids in central Europe to enable a generally lower n-6/n-3 ratio in the human diet. Therefore optimizing feeds to freshwater fish in culture is urgent and important.
- MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- fyziologie výživy zvířat MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata MeSH
- kyseliny mastné omega-6 aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- omega-3 mastné kyseliny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- označování potravin MeSH
- potrava z moře (živočišná) MeSH
- potravní doplňky MeSH
- vodní hospodářství MeSH
- vzdělávání pacientů jako téma MeSH
- zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
