- MeSH
- Animal Experimentation MeSH
- Rats MeSH
- Animals, Newborn MeSH
- Memory MeSH
- Sleep, REM MeSH
- Sleep Deprivation MeSH
- Learning MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rats MeSH
Sleep is regulated by complex biological systems and environmental influences, neither of which is fully clarified. This study demonstrates differential effects of partial sleep deprivation (SD) on sleep architecture and psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) performance using two different protocols (sequentially) that each restricted daily sleep to 3 hours in healthy adult men. The protocols differed only in the period of sleep restriction; in one, sleep was restricted to a 3-hour block from 12:00 AM to 3:00 AM, and in the other, sleep was restricted to a block from 3:00 AM to 6:00 AM. Subjects in the earlier sleep restriction period showed a significantly lower percentage of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep after 4 days (17.0 vs. 25.7 %) and a longer latency to the onset of REM sleep (L-REM) after 1 day (78.8 vs. 45.5 min) than they did in the later sleep restriction period. Reaction times on PVT performance were also better (i.e. shorter) in the earlier SR period on day 4 (249.8 vs. 272 ms). These data support the view that earlier-night sleep may be more beneficial for daytime vigilance than later-night sleep. The study also showed that cumulative declines in daytime vigilance resulted from loss of total sleep time, rather than from specific stages, and underscored the reversibility of SR effects with greater amounts of sleep.
- MeSH
- Arousal physiology MeSH
- Circadian Rhythm physiology MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Polysomnography MeSH
- Psychomotor Performance physiology MeSH
- Reaction Time physiology MeSH
- Sleep, REM physiology MeSH
- Sleep Deprivation physiopathology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP) is a rapid eye movement (REM) parasomnia characterized by a dissociative state with characteristics of REM sleep and wakefulness. Pathophysiology has not yet been clarified and very little research has been performed using objective polysomnographic measures with inconsistent results. The main aim of our study was to find whether higher REM sleep fragmentation is consistent with the theory of state dissociation or whether signs of dissociation can be detected by spectral analysis. METHODS: A total of 19 participants in the RISP group and 19 age- and gender-matched participants in the control group underwent two consecutive full-night video-polysomnography recordings with 19-channel electroencephalography. Apart from sleep macrostructure, other REM sleep characteristics such as REM sleep arousal index, percentage of wakefulness and stage shifts within REM sleep period were analyzed, as well as power spectral analysis during REM sleep. RESULTS: No difference was found in the macrostructural parameters of REM sleep (percentage of REM sleep and REM latency). Similarly, no significant difference was detected in REM sleep fragmentation (assessed by REM sleep arousal index, percentage of wakefulness and stage shifts within REM sleep). Power spectral analysis showed higher bifrontal beta activity in the RISP group during REM sleep. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed an underlying persistent trait of higher cortical activity that may predispose patients with sleep paralysis to be more likely to experience recurrent episodes, without any apparent macrostructural features including higher REM sleep fragmentation.
- MeSH
- Wakefulness physiology MeSH
- Electroencephalography MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Polysomnography MeSH
- Sleep, REM * physiology MeSH
- Sleep physiology MeSH
- Sleep Paralysis * complications MeSH
- Sleep Stages physiology MeSH
- Case-Control Studies MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Keywords
- posthypnotická sugesce jako prostředek pro funkční studie snění,
- MeSH
- Electroencephalography methods utilization MeSH
- Hypnosis * methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Eye Movements physiology MeSH
- Dreams * physiology classification psychology MeSH
- Sleep, REM * physiology MeSH
- Sleep Deprivation etiology complications MeSH
- Suggestion MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Acta physiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0302-2994 vol. 125, suppl. 545, 1985
35 s. : tab., grafy ; 24 cm
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a frequent severe complication of sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, associated with high mortality and long-term neurologic consequences in surviving patients. One of the main clinical signs of SAE are discontinuous sleep periods that are fragmented by frequent awakenings. Although this brain state fragmentation strongly impacts the functionality of the nervous and other systems, its underlying network mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this work, we therefore aim to characterize the properties and dynamics of brain oscillatory states in response to SAE in an acute rat model of sepsis induced by high-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 mg/kg). To focus on intrinsically generated brain state dynamics, we used a urethane model that spares oscillatory activity in rapid eye movement (REM)-like and nonrapid eye movement (NREM)-like sleep states. Intraperitoneal LPS injection led to a robust instability of both oscillatory states resulting in several folds more state transitions. We identified opposing shifts in low-frequency oscillations (1-9 Hz) in REM and NREM-like states under influence of LPS. This resulted in increased similarity between both states. Moreover, the state-space jitter in both states increased as well, pointing to higher within-state instability. The reduction of interstate spectral distances in 2-D state space, combined with increased within-state jitter might represent a key factor in changing the energy landscape of brain oscillatory state attractors, and hence lead to altered sleep architecture. Their emergence during sepsis might point to a mechanism underlying severe sleep fragmentation as described both in sepsis patients and SAE animal models.
- MeSH
- Electroencephalography methods MeSH
- Hippocampus MeSH
- Kinetics MeSH
- Rats MeSH
- Lipopolysaccharides * MeSH
- Sepsis * complications MeSH
- Sleep, REM physiology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rats MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
