Tuncay, E*
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Although the microscopic examination of stool samples remains the reference method of choice for the diagnosis of intestinal protistan infections, this method is time-consuming and requires experienced and well-trained operators. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of agreement between the BD MAX TM Enteric Parasite Panel (EPP) and microscopy for the detection of Giardia intestinalis (Lambl, 1859), Cryptosporidium spp. and Entamoeba histolytica Schaudinn, 1903 in stool samples. The study included faecal samples of 362 patients who were admitted to our hospital due to gastrointestinal complaints. In the microscopic examination, which was made with the native-lugol method on the stool samples that were taken from the patients, cysts, trophozoites and eggs of the parasite were examined. The diagnosis of G. intestinalis, Cryptosporidium parvum Tyzzer, 1912 and Cryptosporidium hominis Morgan-Ryan, Fall, Ward, Hijjawi, Sulaiman, Fayer, Thompson, Olson, Lal et Xiao, 2002, and E. histolytica was made in the faecal samples using the EPP assay. In the microscopic examination, Cryptosporidium spp. positive stool samples were stained with kinyoun's acid-fast. In the microscopic examination, parasites were detected in 41 (11%) of the 362 stool samples. In contrast, EPP assay identified parasites in 23 (6.3%) of the samples. In the microscopic examination, E. histolytica and Entamoeba dispar Brumpt, 1925 were detected in 22 (6.1%) of the samples, G. intestinalis was seen in 15 (4.1%), and C. parvum or C. hominis were detected in three (0.8%); these values were five (1.4%), 16 (4.4%) and two (0.5%) positive with the EPP assay. Although C. parvum or C. hominis were detected as positive in the microscopic examination of three samples, only two of the samples were positive in both EPP assay and kinyoun's acid-fast method. The EPP assay is a relatively simple test that can distinguish E. histolytica and E. dispar, but it cannot replace microscopy in the diagnosis of amoebiasis. Diagnosis for G. intestinalis and C. parvum/C. hominis with the BD MAXTM enteric parasite panel was equivalent to that with microscopy. We believe that E. histolytica must be diagnosed with nucleic acid amplification tests that have a high sensitivity and specificity like EPP assay in certain patient groups.
- MeSH
- Cryptosporidium parvum izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Cryptosporidium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- entamébóza epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- Entamoeba histolytica izolace a purifikace MeSH
- feces parazitologie MeSH
- Giardia lamblia izolace a purifikace MeSH
- giardiáza epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- kryptosporidióza epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Turecko MeSH
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to evaluate the operative time intervals for major orthopaedic surgeries and analyze the correlation of different operative factors on total operative time. MATERIAL AND METHODS Specific time intervals; anesthesia release time (ART), surgical preparation time (SPT), operative procedure time (OPT), and anesthesia end time (AET); were recorded by independent observers. Total operative procedure time (TOPT), was also calculated and statisctical correlation analysis was performed between TOPT and study parameters. RESULTS The difference for ART and SPT time intervals between age groups below 65 and 65 to 85 years were found statistically significant. As the patient's age increased, ART and SPT time intervals were also significantly increased. As the patients ASA status increased, the ART intervals were also increased. ART and AET time intervals were significantly longer for residents compared to specialists. DISCUSSION This is one of the first studies in the literature analyzing different time intervals and their correlation on total operative time for major orthopaedic surgeries. Current study also analyzed the effects of other factors including age and ASA score of the patients, type of anesthesia and experience of anesthegiogist on operative time intervals. This study was designed for the analysis of specific time intervals previously described in the literature for only some major orthopaedic surgeries. By this way, we aimed to achieve a homogenous study group and to obtain comparable results with the literature. CONCLUSIONS The strongest correlation was found between ART and TOPT. As the patient's age increased, ART and SPT time intervals were also significantly increased. Increased age and higher ASA scores with an unexperienced anesthegiologist significantly increased the ART intervals. Therefore, reducing ART is the most important factor in reducing TOPT. Key words:arthroplasty, anaesthesia, operation time.
- MeSH
- délka operace * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předoperační péče MeSH
- totální endoprotéza kolene * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to establish relative fixation strengths of proximal femoral nail (PFN), dynamic hip screw (DHS), monolateral external fixator (EF), and cannulated screw (CS) in basicervical hip fracture model. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study involved four groups of implanted composite proximal femoral synthetic bones of eight specimens per group; nailing with PFN, DHS, fixation with three cannulated screws, and EF. 70˚ osteotomy was performed to simulate a Pauwels Type 3 basicervical fracture. Minimum preload of 100 N was applied before loading to failure. The constructs were subjected to cyclic loading with 16˚ to midline from 100 N to 1,000 N for 10,000 cycles at 3Hz. Axial loading was applied at 10 mm/min until failure. Failure load, failure mode, and displacement were documented. RESULTS Mean failure load was 2182.5 ± 377.9 N in PFN group, 2008.75 ± 278.4 N in DHS group, 1941.25 ± 171.6 N in EF group, and 1551.6 ± 236.2 N in CS group. Average displacement was 15.6 ± 4.5 mm, 15.5 ± 6.7 mm, 11.7 ± 1.9 mm, and 15 ± 1.7 mm, respectively. No significant difference was noted among groups for fixation strength except CS group. All CS constructs failed during cyclic loading. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that PFN, DHS and EF achieved higher fixation strengths than CS in basicervical fracture. PFN has higher failure loads and possesses biomechanical benefits for fixation of unstable basicervical fractures compared with DHS and EF. Key words: basicervical fracture, internal fixation, biomechanics.
Enterobacter cancerogenus (formerly known as CDC Enteric Group 19; synonym with Enterobacter taylorae) has rarely been associated with human infections, and little is known regarding the epidemiology and clinical significance of this organism. We describe a community-acquired pneumonia case in a 44-year-old female due to E. cancerogenus. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of the microorganism was performed by the automatized VITEK 2 Compact system (bioMerieux, France). The clinical case suggests that E. cancerogenus is a potentially pathogenic microorganism in determined circumstances; underlying diseases such as bronchial asthma, empiric antibiotic treatment, wounds, diagnostic, or therapeutic instruments.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- Enterobacter genetika izolace a purifikace fyziologie MeSH
- enterobakteriální infekce farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- infekce získané v komunitě farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pneumonie farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- séropozitivita,
- MeSH
- antagonisté dopaminu terapeutické užití MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dopamin analýza MeSH
- elektroencefalografie MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- koktavost * etiologie imunologie patologie MeSH
- lebka diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- protilátky imunologie MeSH
- sérum imunologie MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- Toxoplasma * imunologie patogenita MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between various clinical aspects of schizophrenia and seropositivity against Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908). We selected 94 patients with schizophrenia and investigated the seropositivity rate for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies by ELISA. Clinical parameters of schizophrenic patients such as illness type and status, clinical course, awareness of the illness and need for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) were compared with their serological status. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 43 (46%) of schizophrenic patients. Chronic patients had a rate of 34 (72%) seropositivity, whereas 9 (22%) of the patients with partial remission showed evidence of latent toxoplasmosis. Of continuous patients, 35 (81%) were found to be seropositive and this rate was significantly more than in the other groups. The rate of latent toxoplasmosis was detected significantly higher in patients who lack awareness of schizophrenia (36, i.e. 72%) than the patients who were aware of their illnesses (7, i.e. 16%). Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 38 (70%) of ECT performed patients while this percentage was 13% in the ones who had never been treated with ECT. This difference was also statistically significant. We showed that Toxoplasma-infected subjects had 15× higher probability of having continuous course of disease than Toxoplasma-free subjects. Our results put forth the possibility of latent toxoplasmosis to have a negative impact on the course of schizophrenia and treatment response of schizophrenic patients.
- Klíčová slova
- séropozitivita,
- MeSH
- latentní infekce etiologie imunologie komplikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- schizofrenie * imunologie klasifikace krev patofyziologie MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- Toxoplasma imunologie patogenita MeSH
- toxoplazmóza * etiologie imunologie komplikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cellular mechanisms that safeguard genome integrity are often subverted in cancer. To identify cancer-related genome caretakers, we employed a convergent multi-screening strategy coupled to quantitative image-based cytometry and ranked candidate genes according to multivariate readouts reflecting viability, proliferative capacity, replisome integrity, and DNA damage signaling. This unveiled regulators of replication stress resilience, including components of the pre-mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation complex. We show that deregulation of pre-mRNA cleavage impairs replication fork speed and leads to excessive origin activity, rendering cells highly dependent on ATR function. While excessive formation of RNA:DNA hybrids under these conditions was tightly associated with replication-stress-induced DNA damage, inhibition of transcription rescued fork speed, origin activation, and alleviated replication catastrophe. Uncoupling of pre-mRNA cleavage from co-transcriptional processing and export also protected cells from replication-stress-associated DNA damage, suggesting that pre-mRNA cleavage provides a mechanism to efficiently release nascent transcripts and thereby prevent gene gating-associated genomic instability.
- MeSH
- aktivní transport - buněčné jádro MeSH
- DNA nádorová genetika metabolismus MeSH
- HeLa buňky MeSH
- heteroduplexy nukleové kyseliny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- jaderné proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- nádory genetika metabolismus MeSH
- nestabilita genomu * MeSH
- polyadenylace MeSH
- poškození DNA * MeSH
- prekurzory RNA biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- proteiny buněčného cyklu genetika metabolismus MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
- replikace DNA * MeSH
- RNA nádorová biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- štěpení RNA * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) provides an ideal framework to establish multi-disciplinary research networks. COST Action BM1203 (EU-ROS) represents a consortium of researchers from different disciplines who are dedicated to providing new insights and tools for better understanding redox biology and medicine and, in the long run, to finding new therapeutic strategies to target dysregulated redox processes in various diseases. This report highlights the major achievements of EU-ROS as well as research updates and new perspectives arising from its members. The EU-ROS consortium comprised more than 140 active members who worked together for four years on the topics briefly described below. The formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) is an established hallmark of our aerobic environment and metabolism but RONS also act as messengers via redox regulation of essential cellular processes. The fact that many diseases have been found to be associated with oxidative stress established the theory of oxidative stress as a trigger of diseases that can be corrected by antioxidant therapy. However, while experimental studies support this thesis, clinical studies still generate controversial results, due to complex pathophysiology of oxidative stress in humans. For future improvement of antioxidant therapy and better understanding of redox-associated disease progression detailed knowledge on the sources and targets of RONS formation and discrimination of their detrimental or beneficial roles is required. In order to advance this important area of biology and medicine, highly synergistic approaches combining a variety of diverse and contrasting disciplines are needed.
- MeSH
- Evropská unie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezinárodní spolupráce * MeSH
- molekulární biologie organizace a řízení trendy MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku chemie metabolismus MeSH
- signální transdukce MeSH
- společnosti vědecké MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
