biomembranes
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
sv.
sv.
- MeSH
- biologický transport MeSH
- buněčná membrána MeSH
- membrány MeSH
- mitochondrie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- periodika MeSH
- Konspekt
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
- NLK Obory
- vnitřní lékařství
- biochemie
374 s. : il.
sv.
The role of biomembranes in the chronic toxicity of environmentally occurring chromium acetate hydroxide was investigated by using primary human fibroblasts. Transport of chromium acetate hydroxide across the plasma membrane of the cell, and the effects of chromium (III) ions on the plasma membrane as well as other intracellular membranes, were determined during six weeks of continuous exposure by using atomic absorption spectrometry, observation of cell morphology, membrane integrity assays (for lactate dehydrogenase leakage and lysosomal membrane disruption), and mitochondrial assays (for mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity and mitochondrial transmembrane potential analysis). The type of cell death induced by long-term exposure was determined in terms of phosphatidylserine externalisation, caspase-3 activation, and chromatin fragmentation. Chromium acetate hydroxide, at a concentration of 100 micromol/l, accumulated in exposed cells, inflicting plasma membrane damage and suppressing mitochondrial function. Antioxidant co-enzyme Q, at a concentration of 10 micromol/l, partially prevented plasma membrane damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Exposure to chromium acetate hydroxide produced apoptosis, necrosis and an intermediate type of cell death in primary human fibroblasts. These results show that the plasma membrane and mitochondrial membrane are important targets for chronic chromium acetate hydroxide toxicity, and that this in vitro system holds promise for studying the toxicity resulting from long-term exposure to metal ions.
- MeSH
- apoptóza účinky záření MeSH
- fibroblasty metabolismus patologie účinky léků MeSH
- financování vládou MeSH
- intracelulární membrány enzymologie účinky léků MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- kůže metabolismus patologie účinky léků MeSH
- L-laktátdehydrogenasa metabolismus MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí toxicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mitochondrie enzymologie účinky léků MeSH
- nekróza MeSH
- organokovové sloučeniny toxicita MeSH
- sloučeniny chromu toxicita MeSH
- ubichinon farmakologie MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Požívanie alkoholu je celosvetovo rozšírený fenomén, ktorého dopad na ľudský organizmus môže byť fatálny. Dôsledky alkoholizmu sú nielen zdravotné ale aj sociálne a ekonomické. Podstata vzniku závislosti na alkohole ostáva naďalej neúplne objasnená. Predložený článok je venovaný objasneniu mechanizmov pôsobenia alkoholu na centrálny nervový systém na molekulárnej úrovni a jeho interakciám s neurotransmitermi.
Alcohol consumption is a worldwide spread phenomenon influence of which on a human organism may even be fatal. Consequences of alcoholism are not only medical but also social and economical. The basic principles of alcohol dependence development remain still unclear. Submitted article offers a short review of alcohol's effects mechanisms and it's interaction with neurotransmitters.
- Klíčová slova
- alkohol, fluidita biomembrán, neurotransmitery,
- MeSH
- agonisté dopaminu škodlivé účinky MeSH
- ethanol * aplikace a dávkování farmakologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- membránové lipidy chemie metabolismus MeSH
- membrány * fyziologie MeSH
- N-methylaspartát antagonisté a inhibitory metabolismus MeSH
- nervový přenos fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- neurotransmiterové látky * farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- pití alkoholu * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- receptory GABA účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
The cell membrane is mainly composed of lipid bilayers with inserted proteins and carbohydrates. Lipid bilayers made of purified or synthetic lipids are widely used for estimating the effect of target compounds on cell membranes. However, the composition of such biomimetic membranes is much simpler than the composition of biological membranes. Interactions between compounds and simple composition biomimetic membranes might not demonstrate the effect of target compounds as precisely as membranes with compositions close to real organisms. Therefore, the aim of our study is to construct biomimetic membrane closely mimicking the state of natural membranes. Liposomes were prepared from lipids extracted from L-α-phosphatidylcholine, Escherichia coli, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and bovine liver cells through agitation and sonication. They were immobilized onto silicon dioxide (SiO2) sensor surfaces using N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid buffer with calcium chloride. The biomimetic membranes were successfully immobilized onto the SiO2 sensor surface and detected by nanoplasmonic sensing. The immobilized membranes were exposed to choline carboxylates. The membrane disruption effect was, as expected, more pronounced with increasing carbohydrate chain length of the carboxylates. The results correlated with the toxicity values determined using Vibrio fischeri bacteria. The yeast extracted lipid membranes had the strongest response to introduction of choline laurate while the bovine liver lipid extracted liposomes were the most sensitive towards the shorter choline carboxylates. This implies that the composition of the cell membrane plays a crucial role upon interaction with choline carboxylates, and underlines the necessity of testing membrane systems of different origin to obtain an overall image of such interactions.
- MeSH
- biomimetické materiály chemie MeSH
- buněčná membrána chemie MeSH
- cholin analogy a deriváty MeSH
- liposomy chemie MeSH
- membránové lipidy chemie MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
