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Reconstruction of the anatomic defect following extra-articular shoulder resection is a challenging problem, particularly in cases when function of the deltoid muscle and rotator cuff are compromised. Standard reconstruction techniques often result in either instability or rigidity. Constrained implants have been used to overcome these problems; however, they have been associated with a high rate of aseptic loosening. Recently, a novel double-constrained implant has been introduced, yielding promising functional results. Nonetheless, this implant exhibited a cosmetic defect related to protrusion of the humeral component that becomes apparent with time as result of surrounding muscle atrophy. An updated improved design of the implant has been developed to counteract this.We report the case of a 15-year-old patient who underwent an extra-articular (Malawer type V) shoulder resection due to osteosarcoma and received an innovated custom-made double-constrained implant. Moreover, we describe a new modification of the Malawer utilitarian approach to the shoulder girdle that enhances tumor visibility and allows safer dissection. The patient recovered well with satisfactory outcomes at 18 months follow-up, highlighting the potential benefits of this implant design and surgical approach.
- MeSH
- artroplastika ramenního kloubu * metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nádory kostí * chirurgie patologie MeSH
- náhrada ramenního kloubu * MeSH
- osteosarkom * chirurgie patologie MeSH
- ověření koncepční studie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- protézy - design * MeSH
- ramenní kloub * chirurgie patologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Despite being present in many drugs, guanylhydrazones and semicarbazones are two functional groups that have been little investigated as potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). For this reason, we initiated the synthesis and evaluation of these compounds as potential anticholinesterase agents, aiming to offer new alternatives for drug development against AD. In the severe phase of AD butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) becomes the main enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine (ACh). Therefore, in this project, we present the results of BChE inhibitory activity, enzyme kinetics, cytotoxicity, and molecular modeling studies for three guanylhydrazone and two semicarbazone derivatives that were previously synthesized and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Among the compounds tested, guanylhydrazones (1, 2, and 3) showed inhibitory activity against BChE, exhibiting a mixed non-competitive inhibition profile. Specifically, compound 2 (phenanthrenequinone) demonstrated superior inhibitory potency with an IC50 of 0.68 μM, compared to compound 1 (acridinone) with an IC50 of 3.87 μM, and compound 3 (benzodioxole) with an IC50 of 101.7 μM. In contrast, semicarbazones (4 and 5) showed no BChE inhibition up to the highest concentration tested (300 μM). Importantly, all five compounds were found to be non-cytotoxic. Our results suggest that these compounds have potential as drug prototypes targeting different phases of AD. Compounds 3, 4, and 5 may be more effective in the early phase, when AChE activity remains high; compound 1 could be useful in the intermediate phase; and compound 2 appears particularly promising for the severe phase, when BChE plays a more dominant role.
- MeSH
- acetylcholinesterasa metabolismus chemie MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc * farmakoterapie MeSH
- butyrylcholinesterasa metabolismus chemie MeSH
- cholinesterasové inhibitory * chemie farmakologie metabolismus terapeutické užití chemická syntéza MeSH
- hydrazony * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární modely MeSH
- racionální návrh léčiv * MeSH
- semikarbazony * chemie farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- simulace molekulového dockingu MeSH
- vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Using ergonomic orthopaedic chairs can address spinal issues, particularly HNP, due to their flexible and elastic properties. By achieving optimal ergonomic design, various positive aspects can be achieved, such as increasing work quality productivity and reducing the cost of injuries or accidents. This research demonstrates diverse product design approaches to enhance posture health ergonomics, address specific musculoskeletal disorder issues, and consider local needs and available materials. Rattan is a tropical vine widely used in the furniture industry and predominantly found in wooded areas such as Indonesia. This research combines market research, morphology, ergonomic study, concept selection, QFD, HoQ, stiffness test, and prototype review. The QFD method was chosen in this study due to its excellence in connecting consumer desires with the product development process. Data of respondents consist of 51 % of respondents were male, 49 % were female, 88 % were aged between 18 and 34 years old, and 10 % were aged between 35 and 54 years old. The approach of 6 stages of product design as the primary framework for developing our product such as: planning, concept development (concept screening, product morphology, concept selection), system-level design, detailed design, testing, refinement and launching. Based on the calculations using the HOQ, it is identified that the primary focus in designing the rattan-based orthopaedic seating, lies in the orthopaedic design that provides maximum comfort for the spine. The comparison results indicate that the stiffness level of rattan weaving is nearly like latex, with a similarity percentage of 89 %. Data analysis using the QFD method indicates that the primary priority aspect is the orthopaedic design, followed by the selection of quality materials, cost-effectiveness, versatility, and appealing design aspects. Rattan's superior air circulation provides comfort by preventing excessive heat accumulation, excellence in strength and durability, ensuring ease of lightweight modelling, and providing more sustainable material.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The bioavailability of rivaroxaban at the higher doses (15 and 20 mg) is considerably reduced when the drug is administered on an empty stomach. This can lead to inadequate anticoagulant effect, and therefore, it is recommended to use the higher doses at fed state. However, proper posology may represent a barrier for some patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate innovative rivaroxaban-containing formulations designed to eliminate the food effect to ensure reliable absorption and thus to improve patient adherence with the treatment. Three prototypes (Cocrystal, HPMCP and Kollidon) with rivaroxaban were developed and their bioavailability and food effect in comparison to the reference product was tested in open label, randomized, single oral dose, crossover studies, where test products were administered under fasting and fed conditions and the reference product was administered under fed conditions. Comparable bioavailability for all tested prototypes both under fed and fasting conditions was demonstrated as the 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratios for area under the concentration-time curve remained within the standard acceptance range of 80.00%-125.00%. An innovative immediate release form of rivaroxaban with no food effect on drug bioavailability has been developed, which may represent an important step toward increasing adherence, improving treatment outcome and reducing health care costs.
- MeSH
- aplikace orální MeSH
- biologická dostupnost * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- inhibitory faktoru Xa farmakokinetika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- interakce mezi potravou a léky * MeSH
- jídla MeSH
- klinické křížové studie * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- omezení příjmu potravy * MeSH
- příprava léků metody MeSH
- rivaroxaban * farmakokinetika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
INTRODUCTION: eHealth seems promising in addressing challenges in the provision of care for Huntington's disease (HD) across Europe. By harnessing information and communication technologies, eHealth can partially relocate care from specialized centers to the patients' home, thereby increasing the availability and accessibility of specialty care services beyond regional borders. Previous research on eHealth (development) in HD is however limited, especially when it comes to including eHealth services specifically designed together with HD gene expansion carriers (HDGECs) and their partners to fit their needs and expectations. METHODS: This article describes the qualitative human-centered design process and first evaluations of the Huntington Support App prototype: a web-app aimed to support the quality of life (QoL) of HDGECs and their partners in Europe. Prospective end-users, i.e., HDGECs, their partners, and healthcare providers (HCPs), from different countries were involved throughout the development process. Through interviews, we captured people's experiences with the disease, quality of life (QoL), and eHealth. We translated their stories into design directions that were further co-designed and subsequently evaluated with the user groups. RESULTS: The resulting prototype centralizes clear and reliable information on the disease, HD-related news and events, as well as direct contact possibilities with HCPs via an online walk-in hour or by scheduling an appointment. The app's prototype was positively received and rated as (very) appealing, pleasant, easy to use and helpful by both HDGECs and partners. DISCUSSION: By involving end-users in every step, we developed a healthcare app that meets relevant needs of individuals affected by HD and therefore may lead to high adoption and retention rates. As a result, the app provides low-threshold access to reliable information and specialized care for HD in Europe. A description of the Huntington Support App as well as implications for further development of the app's prototype are provided.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This article focuses on the design and implementation of a device aimed at monitoring gait dynamics. In clinical settings, gait dynamics are conventionally observed within specialized motion laboratories that rely on camera systems or pressure-sensitive floor mats. Unfortunately, these methods provide clinicians with only a temporally restricted perspective on a patient's health within the hospital environment. The objective of this study is to propose and develop a functional prototype of a measurement device that utilizes force-sensing resistors integrated into a sensorics insole placed within a shoe. By fusion of the 3D printing technology and force-sensing sensors, we developed a wearable prototype consisting of an instrumented insole and wireless data acquisition unit. This approach enables the capture of both static and dynamic parameters of gait, not only in clinical environments but also in non-hospital settings.
Pressure pads are small hand-made corset components used for scoliotic curve correction by applying pressure to the body segment. The design and accuracy of these pads can be increased by using modern approaches like CAD modeling and additive manufacturing. The aim of this research was to apply these methods in the pressure pad development process and evaluate the suitability of the designed prototypes. A CAD software SOLIDWORKS was used for the pad design and 2 manufacturing technologies have been selected, specifically FDM and MJF, for the pad production. As for the material of which the pads could be manufactured, PLA, PETG and PA12 have been selected. Abaqus software, using the finite element method, has been chose for the 9 pad prototypes strength calculation, from which 6 have passed the test. It would be appropriate to expand the given research with CAD pressure pads of various optimized designs with different types and densities of infills.
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a prototypical autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The study of the underlying pathophysiology has provided novel insights into the interplay of autoantibodies and complement-mediated tissue damage. Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) emerged as a valuable animal model, designed to gain further insight and to test novel therapeutic approaches for MG. However, the availability of native acetylcholine receptor (AChR) protein is limited favouring the use of recombinant proteins. To provide a simplified platform for the study of MG, we established a model of EAMG using a recombinant protein containing the immunogenic sequence of AChR in mice. This model recapitulates key features of EAMG, including fatigable muscle weakness, the presence of anti-AChR-antibodies, and engagement of the NMJ by complement and a reduced NMJ density. Further characterization of this model demonstrated a prominent B cell immunopathology supported by T follicular helper cells. Taken together, the herein-presented EAMG model may be a valuable tool for the study of MG pathophysiology and the pre-clinical testing of therapeutic applications.
BACKGROUND: Informal caregivers are vital in caring for their family and friends at home who may have illnesses or disabilities. In particular, the demands for caregiving can be even more challenging for those with limited resources, support systems, and language barriers, such as immigrant informal caregivers. They face complex challenges in providing care for their relatives. These challenges can be related to sociocultural diversity, language barriers, and health care system navigation. Acknowledging the global context of the increasing number of immigrants is essential in designing inclusive mobile health apps. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the needs of immigrant informal caregivers in Sweden and discuss the application of the Persuasive System Design Model (PSDM) to develop an e-coaching prototype. By addressing the unique challenges faced by immigrant informal caregivers, this study will contribute to the development of more effective and inclusive mobile health apps. METHODS: The participants were considered immigrants and included in the study if they and their parents were born outside of Sweden. Through various channels, such as the National Association of Relatives, rehabilitation departments at municipalities, and immigrant groups, we recruited 13 immigrant informal caregivers. These immigrant informal caregivers were primarily women aged 18 to 40 years. Most participants belonged to the Middle Eastern region whereas some were from North Africa. However, all of them spoke Arabic. We used semistructured interviews to gather data from the participants in Arabic, which were translated into English. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and discussed in relation to the extended PSDM. The needs of the caregivers were compared with the description of persuasive design principles, and a design principle was chosen based on the match. The PSDM was extended if the need description did not match any principles. Several brainstorming and prototyping sessions were conducted to design the mobile e-coaching app. RESULTS: Immigrant informal caregivers have various needs in their caregiving role. They reported a need for training on the illness and future caregiving needs, assistance with understanding the Swedish language and culture, and help with accessing internet-based information and services. They also required recognition and appreciation for their efforts, additional informal support, and easy access to health care services, which can be important for their mental health. The PSDM was adapted to the informal caregiving context by adding "facilitating conditions" and "verbal encouragement" as additional persuasive design principles. This study also presents the subsequent mobile e-coaching app for immigrant informal caregivers in Sweden. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed important immigrant informal caregivers' needs based on which design suggestions for a mobile e-coaching app were presented. We also proposed an adapted PSDM, for the informal caregiving context. The adapted PSDM can be further used to design digital interventions for caregiving.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- emigranti a imigranti * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mentoring * MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mobilní aplikace * MeSH
- osoby pečující o pacienty MeSH
- přesvědčovací komunikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This paper presents a study that examined desired functionality, content, and design of a mobile application for young Czech adults living with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The study was structured around a high-fidelity prototype developed for the corresponding user group in Norway. Both groups were active on social media and willing to contribute to designing an application promoting a healthy lifestyle and well-being. Adopting the content analysis, the study first compared the social content shared within the Facebook communities in the Norwegian and Czech user groups that were active. Regardless of the similarities, the Czech group expected that solutions regarding main functionalities and content should stand out from other competitive applications offered on the market. Most of all, they would like to see healthcare staff being engaged in content creation by providing credible information, especially regarding new treatments and clinical trials. Enhanced interaction between all the stakeholders (patients, and healthcare providers) would add value and relevance to the content already provided by social media.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mobilní aplikace * MeSH
- roztroušená skleróza * terapie MeSH
- zdravý životní styl MeSH
- životní styl MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
