• MeSH
• diagnostické vybavení * trendy   MeSH
• elektrické vybavení a zdroje trendy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• počítače do ruky trendy   MeSH
• samovyšetření přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• software trendy   MeSH
• technologie dálkového snímání MeSH
• telemedicína * přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• novinové články MeSH

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pomůcky pro komunikaci postižených MeSH
• pomůcky pro sebeobsluhu * MeSH
• technologie dálkového snímání * metody   MeSH
• telemedicína * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• novinové články MeSH

In this paper, we implemented a methodological framework of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) and a theoretical conceptualization of multiple selves to explore the subjective accounts of six amateur bodybuilders using appearance- and performance-enhancing drugs (APEDs). The participants made sense of their bodybuilding careers and experiences with APEDs in a way that showed a multiplicity and complexity of reasons for using APEDs, which stemmed from tensions they perceived between the context of bodybuilding and other life domains. The participants' reasons for the use of APEDs included not only enhancing their body, appearance and performance but also enhancing other subjectively important psychological characteristics, such as agency and self-control, the development of knowledge and expertise, sense of meaning, well-being, and quality of life. In the analysis, we integrated these themes through the concept of the "extraordinary self," based on which our participants strived for self-actualization through bodybuilding and the use of APEDs. In the sense making of our participants, a potential "exit point" subverting their APED use emerged from a tension between such "extraordinary selves" and the "ordinary selves" through which they perceived APEDs as preventing them from living normal, balanced lives outside the context of bodybuilding. However, success in balancing the two selves also created the possibility of the future use of APEDs.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• kvadruplegie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• motorické dovednosti MeSH
• neurony MeSH
• pomůcky pro sebeobsluhu trendy   využití   MeSH
• postižení MeSH
• robotika přístrojové vybavení   trendy   využití   MeSH
• technologie dálkového snímání přístrojové vybavení   trendy   využití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• novinové články MeSH

The aim of the study is to examine the relationships between attitudes towards communication skills, self-evaluation of communication abilities, and sense of coherence among students of nursing. A cross-sectional correlational study design was employed. Altogether, 227 university nursing students participated in the study (20.53 ± 2.04; 96.9% females). Communication Skills Attitudes Scale (CSAS), Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC), and short self-evaluation scale of communication ability of own design were used. The results showed a high average score in the positive attitudes subscale and moderate negative attitudinal scores in the CSAS questionnaire, as well as positive self-evaluation of the communication abilities among students. The positive subscale of the CSAS was positively related to the sense of coherence (p = 0.05), while the negative subscale of the CSAS was negatively related to the sense of coherence (p ≤ 0.001). The study showed that sense of coherence is associated with more positive attitudes towards communication skills. Understanding the factors associated with the effective communication strategies provides an important base for improving the content of the current communication curriculum in nursing study programs.

• MeSH
• interprofesionální vztahy etika   MeSH
• komunikace * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• studenti ošetřovatelství MeSH
• životní smysluplnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• epidemiologické metody MeSH
• interpretace statistických dat MeSH
• počítačem řízená výuka MeSH
• Publikační typ
• příručky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• epidemiologie
• statistika, zdravotnická statistika
• lékařská informatika

Personality characteristics might be important factors influencing an individual's ability to cope with burnout syndrome. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between personality factors such as self-evaluation and a sense of coherence and burnout syndrome among students of nursing. The study involved a total of 190 university students of the study programme Nursing and Midwifery (average age 20.66 ± 3.01; 98.4% females). Scale Burnout Inventory (SBI) in the school was used for assessing the burnout levels. A Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC) and Rosenberger's Self-Esteem Scale (SES) were used as well. A significant negative relationship was found between burnout syndrome and self-esteem (p ≤ 0.01), as well as sense of coherence (p ≤ 0.01); it means that higher levels of self-esteem and sense of coherence were associated with lower burnout syndrome levels among students. Personality factors are strongly linked to burnout among students. Therefore it is important to observe and guide the students and appropriately utilize their predispositions in the management of the demanding study, as they tend to persist after a period of professional practice. It is therefore considered, that improving the skills of coping with stress among students is beneficial in preventing the subsequent occurrence of burnout in the profession of a nurse.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• osobnost MeSH
• profesionální vyhoření * prevence a kontrola   psychologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychická odolnost MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• studenti ošetřovatelství MeSH
• studium ošetřovatelství - výzkum MeSH
• životní smysluplnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Cílem dvou provedených studií je zjišťování psychometrických vlastností české verze Škály na měření důležitosti morální identity. Škála se skládá z devíti morálních vlastností vystihujících morální osobnost. Měří dvě dimenze morální identity, internalizaci a symbolizaci. Pro analýzu jsme si zvolili autory originální 13 položkovou škálu. Na základě statistické analýzy v pilotní studii (n = 163) jsme z původní škály vyloučili dvě položky, které nesplňovaly stanovená psychometrická kritéria. V druhé studii, na jiném souboru respondentů (n = 185), jsme následně ověřovali míru interní konzistence upravené 11 položkové škály. Konstruktovou validitu jsme měřili pomocí nástrojů měřících morální vyvázání a podvádění v práci. Na základě dosažených výsledků v naší studii doporučujeme zvážit pro použití v české populaci námi navrhovanou, jedenácti položkovou alternativu dotazníku, u které jsme zjistili dostatečně dobré základní psychometrické charakteristiky.

Two studies aim to determine the psychometric properties of the Czech version of The Self-Importance of Moral Identity Scale (Aquino, Reed, 2002). The scale consists of nine moral personality qualities that measure two dimensions of moral identity: internalization and symbolization. For the analysis, we chose the authors' 13-item scale originally proposed. Based on the statistical analysis in the pilot study (n = 163), we excluded from the original scale two items that did not meet the established psychometric criteria. In the second study, on a different set of respondents (n = 185), we subsequently verified the degree of internal consistency of the adjusted 11-item scale. We measured construct validity using tools measuring moral untying and cheating at work. Based on the results obtained in our study, we recommend considering the proposed eleven-item alternative of the questionnaire for use in the Czech population, for which we found sufficiently good basic psychometric characteristics.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• rozvoj osobnosti MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• sebezhodnocení (psychologie) MeSH
• životní smysluplnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

BACKGROUND: The aberrant recognition of self-nucleic acids by the innate immune system contributes to the pathology of several autoimmune diseases. Although microbial DNA and, in certain instances, self-DNA that is released from damaged cells are primarily recognized by Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), recent evidence suggests that other cytosolic sequence-nonspecific DNA sensors contribute to DNA recognition. In this study, we focused on the sensing of microbial and host DNA in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monocytes from pediatric patients with T1D and from healthy donors were stimulated with microbial DNA (CpG) or with self-DNA (DNA contained within neutrophil extracellular traps, NETs). The production of cytokines was measured by flow cytometry and multiplex bead assays. The internalization of microbial DNA and its colocalization with STING was detected by image cytometry. Furthermore, the involvement of the TBK1 kinase was investigated by detecting its phosphorylation with phospho-flow cytometry or by using a TBK1 inhibition assay. RESULTS: We observed a prominent proinflammatory response in T1D PBMCs, especially pDCs and monocytes, to microbial DNA in comparison to that in controls. We further confirmed that monocytes could bind and internalize DNA and respond by releasing proinflammatory cytokines in a more pronounced manner in T1D patients than those in controls. Surprisingly, this cytokine production was not affected by TLR9 blockade, suggesting the involvement of intracellular receptors in DNA recognition. We further identified TBK1 and STING as two crucial molecules in the DNA-sensing pathway that were involved in CpG-DNA sensing by T1D cells. A similar DNA-sensing pathway that was dependent on intracellular DNA sensors and the STING-TBK1 interaction was employed in response to NETs, which were used to model self-DNA. CONCLUSIONS: Here, we show that there were significant differences in DNA sensing in T1D patients compared to that in controls. We demonstrate that monocytes from T1D patients are able to sense microbial- and self-DNA, leading to proinflammatory cytokine secretion through the adaptor protein STING and the TBK1 kinase.

• MeSH
• CpG ostrůvky genetika   MeSH
• cytokiny metabolismus   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 1. typu genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• DNA metabolismus   MeSH
• leukocyty mononukleární metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• monocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• protein-serin-threoninkinasy metabolismus   MeSH
• signální transdukce fyziologie   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• toll-like receptor 9 metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The study examined the links between health-related indicators, adult resilience, and burnout. METHOD: The data were collected during two waves of the longitudinal study (in 2004-05, N=98, and 2011-12, N=88, respectively). Health behaviour, self-rated health (SRH), Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC), and Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM) were measured. RESULTS: The comprehensibility of SOC and physical fatigue of SMBM as measured in wave 2 were determined by SRH as measured in wave 1. In the cross-sectional part, the meaningfulness of SOC was related to SRH, and alcohol consumption in wave 1. The comprehensibility of SOC was related to SRH in wave 2. CONCLUSION: SOC is well known to have effect on health. However, the results show that self-reported health had effect on the comprehensibility of SOC. Our data also support the finding that the effect of SRH on burnout is stronger than the effect of burnout on SRH.

• MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• profesionální vyhoření komplikace   psychologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychická odolnost * MeSH
• únava komplikace   psychologie   MeSH
• zdravotní stav * MeSH
• životní smysluplnost MeSH
• zpráva o sobě * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH