• MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• laryngomalacie etiologie   MeSH
• senzorická zpětná vazba MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• otorinolaryngologie
• genetika, lékařská genetika
• pediatrie
• NLK Publikační typ
• studie

• MeSH
• elektroencefalografie MeSH
• elektromyografie MeSH
• H-reflex MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• somatosenzorické evokované potenciály MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Body ownership is critically dependent on multimodal integration as for instance revealed in the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) and a number of studies which have addressed the neural correlates of the processes underlying this phenomenon. Both experimental and clinical research have shown that the structures underlying body ownership seem to significantly overlap with those of motor control including the parietal and ventral premotor cortices, Temporal Parietal Junction (TPJ) and the insula. This raises the question of whether this structural overlap between body ownership and motor control structures is of any functional significance. Here, we investigate the specific question of whether experimentally induced ownership over a virtual limb can modulate the performance of that limb in a simple sensorimotor task. Using a Virtual reality (VR) environment we modulate body ownership in three experimental conditions with respect to the (in)congruence of stimulus configurations. Our results show that the degree of ownership directly modulates motor performance. This implies that body ownership is not exclusively a perceptual and/or subjective multimodal state but that it is tightly coupled to systems for decision-making and motor control.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hmatová percepce * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohybová aktivita * MeSH
• psychomotorický výkon * MeSH
• rozhodování * MeSH
• senzorimotorický kortex fyziologie   MeSH
• virtuální realita MeSH
• zraková percepce * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Úvod: Senzomotorická integrační terapie (SMITh) dle Martina Kučery a Kateřiny Fritzlové je neurorehabilitační metoda určená pro terapii poruch komunikace u dětí s poruchami autistického spektra a s vývojovými poruchami řeči a učení. Pro účely této případové studie s designem ABA jsme vytvořili protokol pro hudební modifikaci této metody a zkoumali její vliv na řeč dívky předškolního věku s diagnózou dětský autizmus. Metodika: Ke sledování efektu terapie byl použit přístroj LENA DLP (Digital Language Processor), který hodnotil kvantitu produkovaných slov a konverzačních obratů v indukovaném rozhovoru rodičů s dívkou během doby celé terapeutické intervence. Současně byl využit dotazník vlastní konstrukce pro sledování vývoje dívky v dalších oblastech, zejména změn na úrovni kvality/funkčnosti komunikačních schopností dívky. Výsledky: Dle objektivních dat získaných prostřednictvím LENA DLP nemělo SMITh vliv na kvantitativní zvýšení řečové produkce dívky. V oblasti konverzačních obratů dokonce došlo ke statisticky významnému snížení, které však lze vysvětlit snížením řečové produkce dospělých během celé studie. Dle vyhodnoceného dotazníku a rozhovoru s rodiči a dalším terapeutem (ergoterapeut), který dítě také sledoval, bylo pozorováno zlepšení schopnosti porozumění řeči a schopnosti koncentrovat pozornost. Diskuze: Ačkoli efektivitu SMITh na řeč dívky s dětským autizmem se v tomto případu nepodařilo prokázat objektivními metodami měření kvantity mluvního projevu, data ukazují, že metoda může mít potenciál u dětí s narušenou komunikační schopností pro zlepšení na úrovni funkční/kvalitativní (rozumění, slovní zásoba, obsahová složka aj.). V dalších výzkumných studiích doporučujeme zaměřit se také na oblast porozumění řeči a pozornosti.

Introduction: According to Martin Kučera and Kateřina Fritzlová, sensomotor integrative therapy (SMITh) is a neurorehabilitation method designed for the therapy of communication disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders and developmental speech and learning disorders. For the purpose of this single case study with ABA design, we created a protocol for a musical modification of this method and examined its effect on the speech of a preschool girl with diagnosed childhood autism. Methods: To monitor the effect of the therapy, the LENA DLP (Digital Language Processor) device was used, which evaluated the quantity of words produced and conversational turns in an induced conversation between parents and the girl during the entire therapeutic intervention. At the same time, a questionnaire constructed by the authors was used to monitor the development of the girl in other areas, mainly changes in the level of quality/functionality of the girl’s communication skills. Results: According to objective data obtained through LENA DLP, SMITh did not affect the quantitative increase in the girl’s speech production. There was even a statistically significant reduction in conversational turns, but this can be explained by a decrease in adult speech production throughout the study. According to the evaluated questionnaire and an interview with the parents and another therapist (occupational therapist), who also monitored the child, an improvement in the ability to understand speech and the ability to concentrate attention was observed. Discussion: Although the effectiveness of SMITh on the speech of a girl with childhood autism in this case could not be demonstrated by objective methods of measuring the quantity of speech, the data showed that the method may have the potential for improvement at the functional/qualitative level (understanding, vocabulary, content, etc.) in children with impaired communication skills. In other research studies, we recommend also to focus on the area of speech understanding and attention.

• Klíčová slova
• senzorická integrační terapie,
• MeSH
• autistická porucha * terapie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• muzikoterapie MeSH
• vývojové poruchy řeči terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Studies in the sensorimotor system of older versus young individuals have shown alterations in functional connectivity and organization. Our objective was to explore the implications of these differences in terms of local organizations, and to identify processes that correlate with neuropsychological parameters. METHODS: Using a novel multivariate analysis method on resting-state functional MRI data obtained from 50 young and 31 older healthy individuals, we identified directed 4-node functional pathways within the sensorimotor system and examined their correlations with neuropsychological assessments. RESULTS: In young individuals, the functional pathways were unidirectional, flowing from the primary motor and sensory cortices to higher motor and visual regions. In older individuals, the functional pathways were more complex. They originated either from the calcarine sulcus or the insula and passed through mutually coupled high-order motor areas before reaching the primary sensory and motor cortices. Additionally, the pathways in older individuals that resembled those found in young individuals exhibited a positive correlation with years of education. DISCUSSION: The flow pattern of young individuals suggests efficient and fast information transfer. In contrast, the mutual coupling of high-order motor regions in older individuals suggests an inefficient and slow transfer, a less segregated and a more integrated organization. The differences in the number of sensorimotor pathways and of their directionality suggests reduced efferent degenerated pathways and increased afferent compensated pathways. Furthermore, the positive effect of years of education may be associated with the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis, implying that cognitive reserve could be maintained through specific information transfer pathways.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This study investigates the role of the dorsal/sensorimotor striatum in visuomotor integration (i.e., the transformation of internal visual information about letter shapes into motor output) during handwriting. Twenty healthy participants underwent fMRI scanning with tasks consisting of self-paced handwriting of alphabetically ordered single letters and simple dots, with both tasks performed without visual feedback. Functional connectivity (FC) from these two tasks was compared to demonstrate the difference between coordinated activity arising during handwriting and the activity during a simpler motor condition. Our study focused upon the writing-specific cortico-striatal network of preselected regions of interest consisting of the visual word form area (VWFA), anterior intraparietal sulcus/superior parietal lobule, striatum, premotor cortex/Exner's area, and primary and supplementary motor regions. We observed systematically increased task-induced cortico-striatal and cortico-cortical FC. This increased synchronization of neural activity between the VWFA, i.e., the visual cortical area containing information about letter shapes, and the frontoparietal motor regions is mediated by the striatum. These findings suggest the involvement of the striatum in integrating stored letter-shape information with motor planning and execution during handwriting.

• MeSH
• corpus striatum diagnostické zobrazování   fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mozková kůra diagnostické zobrazování   fyziologie   MeSH
• nervová síť diagnostické zobrazování   fyziologie   MeSH
• pohybová aktivita fyziologie   MeSH
• psaní rukou * MeSH
• psychomotorický výkon fyziologie   MeSH
• rozpoznávání obrazu fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• deprese MeSH
• evokované potenciály MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prefrontální mozková kůra fyziologie   MeSH
• sakadické oční pohyby MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• čití, cítění MeSH
• elektrická stimulace MeSH
• evokované potenciály MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nervus medianus MeSH
• pohybová aktivita MeSH
• sakadické oční pohyby MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurofyziologie MeSH
• řeč * fyziologie   MeSH
• senzorická zpětná vazba fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

BACKGROUND: The application of rehabilitation robots has grown during the last decade. While meta-analyses have shown beneficial effects of robotic interventions for some patient groups, the evidence is less in others. We established the Advanced Robotic Therapy Integrated Centers (ARTIC) network with the goal of advancing the science and clinical practice of rehabilitation robotics. The investigators hope to exploit variations in practice to learn about current clinical application and outcomes. The aim of this paper is to introduce the ARTIC network to the clinical and research community, present the initial data set and its characteristics and compare the outcome data collected so far with data from prior studies. METHODS: ARTIC is a pragmatic observational study of clinical care. The database includes patients with various neurological and gait deficits who used the driven gait orthosis Lokomat® as part of their treatment. Patient characteristics, diagnosis-specific information, and indicators of impairment severity are collected. Core clinical assessments include the 10-Meter Walk Test and the Goal Attainment Scaling. Data from each Lokomat® training session are automatically collected. RESULTS: At time of analysis, the database contained data collected from 595 patients (cerebral palsy: n = 208; stroke: n = 129; spinal cord injury: n = 93; traumatic brain injury: n = 39; and various other diagnoses: n = 126). At onset, average walking speeds were slow. The training intensity increased from the first to the final therapy session and most patients achieved their goals. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of the patients matched epidemiological data for the target populations. When patient characteristics differed from epidemiological data, this was mainly due to the selection criteria used to assess eligibility for Lokomat® training. While patients included in randomized controlled interventional trials have to fulfill many inclusion and exclusion criteria, the only selection criteria applying to patients in the ARTIC database are those required for use of the Lokomat®. We suggest that the ARTIC network offers an opportunity to investigate the clinical application and effectiveness of rehabilitation technologies for various diagnoses. Due to the standardization of assessments and the use of a common technology, this network could serve as a basis for researchers interested in specific interventional studies expanding beyond the Lokomat®.

• MeSH
• databáze jako téma organizace a řízení   MeSH
• exoskeleton * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurologické poruchy chůze rehabilitace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH