OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of short-term inhalational exposure to nanoparticles released during dental composite grinding on oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four healthy volunteers were examined before and after exposure in dental workshop. They spent 76.8 ± 0.7 min in the testing room during grinding of dental nanocomposites. The individual exposure to aerosol particles in each participant´s breathing zones was monitored using a personal nanoparticle sampler (PENS). Exhaled breath condensate (EBC), blood, and urine samples were collected pre- and post-exposure to measure one oxidative stress marker, i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and two biomarkers of antioxidant capacity, i.e., ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and reduced glutathione (GSH) by spectrophotometry. Spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were used to evaluate the effect of acute inhalational exposure. RESULTS: Mean mass of dental nanocomposite ground away was 0.88 ± 0.32 g. Average individual doses of respirable particles and nanoparticles measured by PENS were 380 ± 150 and 3.3 ± 1.3 μg, respectively. No significant increase of the post-exposure oxidative stress marker TBARS in EBC and plasma was seen. No decrease in antioxidant capacity biomarkers FRAP and GSH in EBC post-exposure was seen, either. Post-exposure, conjunctival hyperemia was seen in 62.5% volunteers; however, no impairment in spirometry or FeNO results was observed. No correlation of any biomarker measured with individual exposure was found, however, several correlations with interfering factors (age, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and environmental pollution parameters) were seen. CONCLUSIONS: This study, using oxidative stress biomarker and antioxidant capacity biomarkers in biological fluids of volunteers during the grinding of dental nanocomposites did not prove a negative effect of this intense short-term exposure. However, further studies are needed to evaluate oxidative stress in long-term exposure of both stomatologists and patients and diverse populations with varying health statuses.

• Klíčová slova
• Dental nanocomposite, Exhaled airway markers, Nanoparticles, Occupational lung disease, Respiratory function test,
• MeSH
• antioxidancia analýza   MeSH
• biologické markery analýza   MeSH
• dechové testy MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• glutathion MeSH
• inhalační expozice * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nanočástice škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• nanokompozity * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• oxid dusnatý analýza   MeSH
• oxidační stres MeSH
• pracovní expozice * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• zubní lékaři * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• glutathion MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• oxid dusnatý MeSH

Lactobionic acid (LBA) is a newly identified natural polyhydroxy acid that is widely used in the food industry. In this study, the antibacterial effects and underlying mechanism of action of LBA against Staphylococcus aureus were investigated. LBA exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus with a determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 15 mg/mL and 50 mg/mL, respectively. The Growth curves indicated that LBA directly inhibited the growth of S. aureus. Moreover, LBA induced the leakage of alkaline phosphatase and nucleotides in the culture medium, indicating damage to the integrity of the S. aureus cell wall membrane, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy observations. The relative electric conductivity measurements indicated that LBA changed the cell membrane permeability. The preservation effect of LBA was evaluated by quantifying the total number of colonies, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Overall, these results revealed that LBA exerts its antibacterial activity by breaking down the structure of the bacterial cell wall and membrane, thereby releasing the cellular contents as well as inhibiting protein synthesis, which ultimately lead to cell death. The total number of colonies, the TVB-N value, and the TBARS of cold fresh meat treated with preservatives were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). With these antibacterial characteristics, LBA has potential to be used as a safe food additive in the food industry.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• buněčná membrána účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• buněčná stěna účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• disacharidy farmakologie   MeSH
• dusík analýza   MeSH
• konzervace potravin MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• mikrobiální viabilita účinky léků   MeSH
• permeabilita buněčné membrány účinky léků   MeSH
• počet mikrobiálních kolonií MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• disacharidy MeSH
• dusík MeSH
• lactobionic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH

Buckwheat cookies with various ingredients for raw food vegan diet are usually prepared by soaking them in water at ambient temperature followed by drying at moderate temperature. The aim of this study was to examine the temperature effect on the microbiological quality, antioxidant properties and oxidative stability of lipids of final dried samples. The mixture of ingredients was soaked for 20 h in distilled water, and then cookies were formed and dried in air-forced oven at constant temperature in the range from 40 to 60 °C. Total viable counts, fungi, yeasts, coliform and aerobic spore-forming bacteria counts were evaluated in dried samples and were found to decrease during drying at 50 and 60 °C. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS assays, and the former showed the highest value at 40 °C. Superoxide dismutase activity was also higher at 40 °C in comparison with that at 60 °C. The percentage of lipid peroxidation inhibition increased with the increase in drying temperature until 4th day of incubation. While peroxide value was significantly higher in samples dried at 40 °C, TBARS values did not show significant changes during the drying process. The results of this study suggest that drying buckwheat-based cookies at 40 °C retained their good antioxidant properties but represent a potentially serious microbial hazard.

• Klíčová slova
• Antioxidant, Drying process, Lipid peroxidation, Microbial risk, Raw food,
• MeSH
• antioxidancia analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• bakteriální nálož MeSH
• dieta veganská * MeSH
• Fagopyrum chemie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kontaminace potravin analýza   MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   MeSH
• manipulace s potravinami MeSH
• peroxidace lipidů MeSH
• potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa metabolismus   MeSH
• syrová strava analýza   MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• voda analýza   MeSH
• vysoušení * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa MeSH
• voda MeSH

BACKGROUND: Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an autosomal inherited disease caused by deficiency of the third enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway, porphobilinogen deaminase. The clinical course of the disease is characterized by acute attacks, most often with abdominal pain.The aim of our study was to investigate selected markers of oxidative and carbonyl stress in plasma and saliva in patients with AIP and to find out whether saliva could be used for monitoring the disease progression. Saliva is an attractive biological fluid for determination of biochemical markers in various pathological conditions. The advantage is that saliva can be collected non-invasively, and the examination needs only a small volume of saliva. METHODS: Blood and total non-stimulated saliva were collected from 16 patients with AIP in remission, and from 20 healthy individuals. Markers of oxidative and carbonyl stress - advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) were determined by spectrofluorometric methods, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and ferric reducing ability of plasma/saliva (FRAP/FRAS) were investigated by spectrophotometric methods in the above mentioned groups. RESULTS: Advanced glycation end products and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances in plasma and saliva were significantly higher in patients with AIP in comparison to the control group (p < 0.001) and (p < 0.05). Advanced oxidation protein products in AIP if compared to the control group did not show statistical significance (p > 0.05), but the levels in the saliva were significantly lower (p < 0.001). The concentrations of markers of antioxidant status of plasma and saliva were significantly lower in AIP if compared to the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: According to the best of our knowledge this is the first study to demonstrate increased concentrations of markers of oxidative and carbonyl stress and decreased antioxidant status of plasma and saliva in patients with AIP. Moreover, the study suggests that the saliva might be a promising fluid to study relevant biomarkers in a wide array of human biomedical conditions.Key words: acute intermittent porphyria - biomarkers - oxidative and carbonyl stress - plasma and saliva.

• MeSH
• akutní intermitentní porfyrie krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• antioxidancia metabolismus   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fluorescenční spektrometrie MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oxidační stres * MeSH
• produkty pokročilé glykace metabolismus   MeSH
• produkty pokročilé oxidace proteinů krev   MeSH
• sliny chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• produkty pokročilé glykace MeSH
• produkty pokročilé oxidace proteinů MeSH

The oxidative effects of photodynamic therapy with 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin (TMP) and Zn-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin (ZnTMP) were evaluated in Wistar rats subcutaneously inoculated with Walker 256 carcinoma. The animals were irradiated with red light (λ = 685 nm; D = 50 J/cm2; 15 min) 3 h after intra-peritoneal administration of 10 mg/kg body weight of porphyrins. The presence of free radicals in tumours after photodynamic therapy with TMP and ZnTMP revealed by chemiluminescence of luminol attained the highest level at 18 h after irradiation. Lipid peroxides measured as thiobarbituric-reactive substances and protein carbonyls, which are indices of oxidative effects produced on susceptible biomolecules, were significantly increased in tumour tissues of animals 24 h after photodynamic therapy. The levels of thiol groups and total antioxidant capacity in the tumours were decreased. The activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were also increased in tumour tissues after photodynamic therapy. Increased levels of plasma lipid peroxides as well as changes in the levels of erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities suggest possible systemic effects of photodynamic therapy with TMP and ZnTMP.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• fotochemoterapie * MeSH
• fotosenzibilizující látky metabolismus   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• karbonylace proteinů účinky záření   MeSH
• karcinom Walkerův 256 farmakoterapie   metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• lipidové peroxidy analýza   krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• luminiscence MeSH
• luminol chemie   MeSH
• oxidace-redukce účinky záření   MeSH
• oxidoreduktasy analýza   krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• porfyriny metabolismus   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• spotřeba kyslíku účinky léků   MeSH
• sulfhydrylové sloučeniny analýza   krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• volné radikály analýza   krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin MeSH Prohlížeč
• antioxidancia MeSH
• fotosenzibilizující látky MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• lipidové peroxidy MeSH
• luminol MeSH
• oxidoreduktasy MeSH
• porfyriny MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• sulfhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
• volné radikály MeSH

This work focused on the effect of Maca on lipid, anti-oxidative, and glucose parameters in hereditary hypertriglyceridemic (HHTg) rat. Maca (1%) was administred to rats as a part of a high-sucrose diet (HSD) for 2 weeks. Rosiglitazone (0.02%) was used as a positive control. Maca significantly decreased the levels of VLDL (very low density lipoproteins), LDL (low density lipoproteins), and total cholesterol, and also the level of TAG (triacylglycerols) in the plasma, VLDL, and liver. Maca, as well as rosiglitazone, significantly improved glucose tolerance, as the decrease of AUC (area under the curve) of glucose showed, and lowered levels of glucose in blood. The activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) in the liver, the GPX (glutathione peroxidase) in the blood, and the level of GSH (glutathione) in liver increased in all cases significantly. Results demonstrate that maca seems to be promising for a positive influence on chronic human diseases (characterized by atherogenous lipoprotein profile, aggravated antioxidative status, and impaired glucose tolerance), and their prevention.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia farmakologie   MeSH
• cholesterol krev   MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• glutathion metabolismus   MeSH
• glutathionperoxidasa metabolismus   MeSH
• hyperlipoproteinemie typ IV farmakoterapie   metabolismus   MeSH
• játra enzymologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   MeSH
• LDL-cholesterol krev   MeSH
• Lepidium chemie   MeSH
• metabolismus lipidů účinky léků   MeSH
• metabolismus sacharidů účinky léků   MeSH
• plocha pod křivkou MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty farmakologie   MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa metabolismus   MeSH
• triglyceridy krev   MeSH
• VLDL-cholesterol krev   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• cholesterol MeSH
• glukosa MeSH
• glutathion MeSH
• glutathionperoxidasa MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• LDL-cholesterol MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa MeSH
• triglyceridy MeSH
• VLDL-cholesterol MeSH

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Vitamin C levels decrease during hemodialysis (HD), which deteriorates antioxidant defense. Vitamin C may also act pro-oxidatively, via reduction in Fe(III). We sought to determine whether intravenous iron (Fe(iv))-induced oxidative stress differs in HD patients with low and physiological vitamin C levels and whether intravenous vitamin C (C(iv)) administration during HD would change the response to Fe(iv). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty patients with vitamin C deficiency (median 15.7 micromol/l, range 8.0-22.7) received Fe(iv) (100 mg iron sucrose between 150 and 180 min of HD). After 4 weeks of oral supplementation, the levels of vitamin C were comparable with those of controls (60.1 micromol/l, range 47.4-70.9). Patients were subsequently treated with (1) Fe(iv), (2) Fe(iv) and continuous 2 mg/min C(iv) throughout HD, (3) saline (S), and (4) S+C(iv). Plasma thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and vitamin C were assessed before, during and after FE(iv)(S), and 15, 30 and 60 min after infusion. RESULTS: Fe(iv) induced a comparable rise in TBARS in patients with vitamin C deficiency (before Fe(iv), 1.9 micromol/l, range 1.4-1.9; after Fe(iv), 2.6 micromol/l, range 2.3-2.9; p < 0.01) and in those with normal vitamin C (before Fe(iv), 1.9 micromol/l, range 1.7-2.1; after Fe(iv), 2.6 micromol/l, range 2.5-2.9; p < 0.01). Fe(iv)+C(iv) resulted in a greater increase in TBARS (after Fe(iv), 3.1 micromol/l, range 2.8-3.2) compared with Fe(iv) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Iron sucrose-induced oxidative stress is comparable in HD patients with vitamin C deficiency and in those with normal vitamin C. We documented a pro-oxidative effect of vitamin C during Fe(iv)+C(iv) administration.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia aplikace a dávkování   analýza   MeSH
• aplikace orální MeSH
• dialýza ledvin * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• intravenózní infuze MeSH
• kyselina askorbová aplikace a dávkování   krev   MeSH
• kyselina glukarová MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nedostatek vitaminu C krev   farmakoterapie   etiologie   MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   MeSH
• peroxidace lipidů účinky léků   MeSH
• sacharát železitý MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• železité sloučeniny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• kyselina askorbová MeSH
• kyselina glukarová MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• sacharát železitý MeSH
• železité sloučeniny MeSH

Exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species, which may damage a number of cell constituents. Organisms have developed a sophisticated antioxidant system for protection against reactive oxygen species. Our aim was to compare the adaptive responses of antioxidant mechanisms and the blood redox status of two groups of athletes, long-distance and short-distance runners. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity was measured in the serum, while reduced and oxidized glutathione as well as their ratio were determined in blood hemolysates. Serum catalase activity (P<0.001) was found to be three times higher in long-distance compared to short-distance runners (25.4 vs. 8.9 micromol x min(-3) x ml(-1)), whereas the two groups did not differ in the other markers. Catalase activity also correlated significantly with maximal oxygen consumption in long-distance runners. In conclusion, we report here that long-distance and short-distance runners exhibit similar blood redox status judged by several oxidative stress indices, except for the much higher activity of catalase in long-distance runners. This different effect of the two training modules on catalase activity of long-distance runners might be partly due to the high oxygen load imposed during their repeated prolonged exercise bouts.

• MeSH
• anaerobní práh MeSH
• antioxidancia analýza   MeSH
• běh * MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fyziologická adaptace * MeSH
• glutathion krev   MeSH
• katalasa krev   MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• glutathion MeSH
• katalasa MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH

Progressive compromise of antioxidant defenses and free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, which is one of the major mechanisms of secondary traumatic brain injury (TBI), has also been reported in pediatric head trauma. In the present study, we aimed to demonstrate the effect of melatonin, which is a potent free radical scavenger, on brain oxidative damage in 7-day-old rat pups subjected to contusion injury. Whereas TBI significantly increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, there was no compensatory increase in the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 24 hours after TBI in 7-day-old rats. Melatonin administered as a single dose of 5 mg/kg prevented the increase in TBARS levels in both non-traumatized and traumatized brain hemispheres. In conclusion, melatonin protects against oxidative damage induced by TBI in the immature brain.

• MeSH
• glutathionperoxidasa analýza   MeSH
• injekce intraperitoneální MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   MeSH
• melatonin aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• mozek účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• oxidační stres MeSH
• peroxidace lipidů MeSH
• poranění mozku etiologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• scavengery volných radikálů aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa analýza   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glutathionperoxidasa MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• melatonin MeSH
• scavengery volných radikálů MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa MeSH

Paraoxonase (PON1) is a serum enzyme with an antioxidant function, protecting the low density lipoproteins (LDL) from oxidative modifications. Because diabetic patients are at greater risk of oxidative stress, we investigated the effect of PON1 55 methione (M)/leucine (L) and PON1 192 glutamine (A)/arginine (B) polymorphisms on oxidant-antioxidant system in 213 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 116 non-diabetic control subjects from Turkish population were included in the study. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and agarose gel electrophoresis techniques were used to determine the PON1 genotypes. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes levels in the serum and glutathione (GSH) levels in whole blood were measured spectrophotometrically. In both groups PON1 192 AA and PON1 55 MM genotypes had higher TBARS, conjugated dienes levels and lower GSH levels, whereas PON1 192 BB and PON1 55 LL genotypes had lower TBARS, conjugated diene levels and higher GSH level than other genotypes. We thus conclude that PON1 192 BB and PON1 55 LL alleles have protective effect against oxidative stress.

• MeSH
• aryldialkylfosfatasa genetika   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu epidemiologie   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci epidemiologie   MeSH
• genetické testování metody   MeSH
• glutathion krev   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik metody   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou analýza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mutační analýza DNA metody   MeSH
• polymorfismus genetický MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku krev   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky kontrolované MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Turecko epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• aryldialkylfosfatasa MeSH
• glutathion MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH