PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Dislocation is one of the most common early complications of total hip arthroplasty (THA). In this manuscript, 20 years of experience with the management of this complication are presented, particularly in relation to the type of instability. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the period between January 1999 and December 2020, at least one dislocation occurred in 157 of 8 286 (1.9%) THA patients, of which 117 dislocations (1.6%) in primary and 40 (3.4%) in revision THAs. Almost all patients were operated on from the anterolateral approach during the follow-up period. The type of dislocation was evaluated using the modified Dorr classification. In the first dislocations, conservative approach was usually opted for, except for cases with a clear malposition, irreducible or unstable hips after the reduction. The minimum follow-up period was 18 months (18-240). The success rate of the chosen treatment approach was assessed by means of standard statistical methods. RESULTS The total dislocation rate in the follow-up period was 1.6% for primary THAs and 3.4% for revision THAs. The dislocation rate was slightly higher between 1999 and 2009 compared to the following decade (2.1% versus 1.3% for primary THAs; p=0.009). The most common type of dislocation was the positional dislocation (62%), followed by dislocations due to a combination of causes (17%) and component malposition (11%). Treatment of dislocation was successful in a total of 130 patients (130/157; 83%). Even though a stable hip was achieved in 21 patients (13%), the functional outcome was unsatisfactory, and in 6 patients (4%) we failed to achieve a stable hip. In the positional type of dislocation, the success rate of closed reduction following the first-time dislocation was 86.4% and a similar success rate was reported for reoperations in the first-time dislocations due to the malpositioned components (85.7%). In the second-time dislocation, the surgical therapy was significantly more reliable compared to closed reduction regardless of the type of dislocation (78.6% versus 46%). The treatment of dislocations following primary THAs showed comparable outcomes to those of the treatment of dislocations following revision THAs. Overall, the worst outcomes were achieved in patients with a combined type of dislocation. In total, the THA had to be removed in 11.5% of hips (18/157). The probability of final THA removal increased with the increasing order of dislocation. DISCUSSION In our group of patients, the dislocation rate in THA was comparable or lower than the published data. With the use of preventive measures, i.e. dual mobility cup or larger head diameters in high-risk patients, we managed to reduce the dislocation rate over time. The positional type of dislocation prevails in our group of patients just as in the previously published series, followed by instability from malposition of components. The modified Dorr classification is used to guide the treatment since it allows us not only to make good decision about the treatment modality but to some extent also to estimate the final outcome, particularly with respect to restoring a functional and stable hip. CONCLUSIONS The total dislocation rate was 1.6% for primary THAs and 3.4% for revision THAs. The first-time dislocation of the positional type shall be treated conservatively. Conversely, in the other types of dislocations and in recurrent dislocations, surgical treatment is more likely to achieve a good clinical outcome. The worst outcomes are to be expected in an instability due to combination of multiple causes, which leads to the removal of THA more often than in other types of dislocations. Also, the benefit of preventive measures in high-risk patients over time has been confirmed. Key words: total hip arthroplasty, dislocation, Dorr's classification, treatment strategy, outcomes, complications.

• MeSH
• dislokace kloubu * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• náhrada kyčelního kloubu * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• reoperace MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

Laboratory analysis of basic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters is considered as essential for any CSF evaluation. It can provide rapidly very valuable information about the status of the central nervous system (CNS). Our retrospective study evaluated parameters of basic CSF analysis in cases of either infectious or non-infectious CNS involvement. Neutrophils are effector cells of innate immunity. Predominance of neutrophils was found in 98.2% of patients with purulent inflammation in CNS. Lymphocytes are cellular substrate of adaptive immunity. We found their predominance in 94.8% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), 66.7% of patients with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), 92.2% of patients with neuroborreliosis, 83.3% of patients with inflammatory response with oxidative burst of macrophages in CNS and 75.0% of patients with malignant infiltration of meninges (MIM). The simultaneous assessment of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in CSF using the coefficient of energy balance (KEB) allows us to specify the type of inflammation in CNS. We found predominantly aerobic metabolism (KEB > 28.0) in 100.0% CSF of patients with normal CSF findings and in 92.8% CSF of patients with MS. Predominant faintly anaerobic metabolism (28.0 > KEB > 20.0) in CSF was found in 71.8% patients with TBE and in 64.7% patients with neuroborreliosis. Strong anaerobic metabolism (KEB < 10.0) was found in the CSF of 99.1% patients with purulent inflammation, 100.0% patients with inflammatory response with oxidative burst of macrophages and in 80.6% patients with MIM. Joint evaluation of basic CSF parameters provides sufficient information about the immune response in the CSF compartment for rapid and reliable diagnosis of CNS involvement.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The simultaneous cytological and metabolic investigation of various extravascular body fluids (EBFs) provides clinically relevant information about the type and intensity of the immune response in particular organ systems. The oxidative burst of professional phagocytes with the concomitant production of reactive oxygen species consumes a large amount of oxygen and is the cause of switch to the development of anaerobic metabolism. We assessed the relationships between percentages of neutrophils, aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, and tissue damage via the determination of aspartate aminotransferase catalytic activities (AST) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), pleural effusions (PE), abdominal effusions (AE), and synovial fluids (SF). EBFs with 0.0-20.0% neutrophils: 83.0% aerobic and 1.3% strongly anaerobic cases with median of AST = 13.8 IU/L in CSF; 68.0% aerobic and 9.0% strongly anaerobic cases with median of AST = 20.4 IU/L in PE; 77.5% aerobic and 10.5% strongly anaerobic cases with median of AST = 18.0 IU/L in AE; 64.1% aerobic and 7.7% strongly anaerobic cases with median of AST = 13.8 IU/L in SF. EBFs with 80.0-100.0% neutrophils: 4.2% aerobic and 73.7% strongly anaerobic cases with median of AST = 19.2 IU/L in CSF; 7.4% aerobic and 77.3% strongly anaerobic cases with median of AST = 145.2 IU/L in PE; 11.8% aerobic and 73.7% strongly anaerobic cases with median of AST = 61.8 IU/L in AE; 25.5% aerobic and 38.2% strongly anaerobic cases with median of AST = 37.2 IU/L in SF. The significant presence of neutrophils, concomitant strong anaerobic metabolism, and elevated AST in various EBFs are reliable signs of damaging purulent inflammation.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Extravasation of blood in the central nervous system (CNS) represents a very strong damaged associated molecular patterns (DAMP) which is followed by rapid inflammation and can participate in worse outcome of patients. We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 139 patients after the CNS hemorrhage. We compared 109 survivors (Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) 5-3) and 30 patients with poor outcomes (GOS 2-1). Statistical evaluations were performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Almost the same numbers of erythrocytes in both subgroups appeared in days 0-3 (p = 0.927) and a significant increase in patients with GOS 2-1 in days 7-10 after the hemorrhage (p = 0.004) revealed persistence of extravascular blood in the CNS as an adverse factor. We assess 43.3% of patients with GOS 2-1 and only 27.5% of patients with GOS 5-3 with low values of the coefficient of energy balance (KEB < 15.0) in days 0-3 after the hemorrhage as a trend to immediate intensive inflammation in the CNS of patients with poor outcomes. We consider significantly higher concentration of total protein of patients with GOS 2-1 in days 0-3 after hemorrhage (p = 0.008) as the evidence of immediate simultaneously manifested intensive inflammation, swelling of the brain and elevation of intracranial pressure.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, mechanisms mediating association between these two conditions remain unclear. This study investigated, whether the OSA-associated changes in adipose tissue lipolysis might contribute to impaired glucose homeostasis in patient with T2DM. Thirty-five matched subjects were recruited into three groups: T2DM + severe OSA (T2DM + OSA, n = 11), T2DM with mild/no OSA (T2DM, n = 10) and healthy controls (n = 14). Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue microdialysis assessed spontaneous, epinephrine- and isoprenaline-stimulated lipolysis. Glucose metabolism was assessed by intravenous glucose tolerance test. Spontaneous lipolysis was higher in the T2DM + OSA compared with the T2DM (60.34 ± 23.40 vs. 42.53 ± 10.16 μmol/L, p = 0.013), as well as epinephrine-stimulated lipolysis (236.84 ± 103.90 vs. 167.39 ± 52.17 μmol/L, p < 0.001). Isoprenaline-stimulated lipolysis was unaffected by the presence of OSA (p = 0.750). The α2 anti-lipolytic effect was decreased in T2DM + OSA by 59% and 315% compared with T2DM and controls (p = 0.045 and p = 0.007, respectively). The severity of OSA (AHI) was positively associated with spontaneous (p = 0.037) and epinephrine-stimulated (p = 0.026) lipolysis. The α2-adrenergic anti-lipolytic effect (p = 0.043) decreased with increasing AHI. Spontaneous lipolysis was positively associated with Insulin resistance (r = 0.50, p = 0.002). Epinephrine-stimulated lipolysis was negatively associated with the Disposition index (r = - 0.34, p = 0.048). AHI was positively associated with Insulin resistance (p = 0.017) and negatively with the Disposition index (p = 0.038). Severe OSA in patients with T2DM increased adipose tissue lipolysis, probably due to inhibition of the α2-adrenergic anti-lipolytic effect. We suggest that dysregulated lipolysis might contribute to OSA-associated impairments in insulin secretion and sensitivity.

• MeSH
• adrenalin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu komplikace   epidemiologie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• homeostáza fyziologie   MeSH
• inzulin metabolismus   MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence fyziologie   MeSH
• isoprenalin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipolýza účinky léků   genetika   MeSH
• obstrukční spánková apnoe komplikace   epidemiologie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tuková tkáň účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cíl studie: Porovnání diagnostické efektivity vyšetření pleurálních výpotků dle Lightových pravidel s jejich cytologicko-energetickou analýzou. Typ studie: Retrospektivní. Název a sídlo pracoviště: Biomedicínské centrum, Krajská zdravotní, a. s. - Masarykova nemocnice v Ústí nad Labem, o. z.; Ústav klinické imunologie a alergologie, LF UK v Hradci Králové a FN v Hradci Králové; Laboratoř pro likvorologii, neuroimunologii, patologii a speciální diagnostiku Topelex, s. r. o.; Oddělení hrudní chirurgie, Krajská zdravotní, a. s. - Masarykova nemocnice v Ústí nad Labem, o. z.; Oddělení klinické biochemie, Krajská zdravotní, a. s. - Masarykova nemocnice v Ústí nad Labem, o. z. Materiál a metody: Náš soubor pro tuto studii zahrnuje 96 případů nezánětlivých pleurálních výpotků od pacientů s kardiálním postižením či systémovou sepsí, 211 případů pleurálních výpotků od pacientů s purulentní pneumonií a 283 případů pleurálních výpotků od pacientů s hrudním empyémem. Ve všech případech jsme provedli vyšetření vybraných parametrů dle Lightových pravidel (počet jaderných elementů na 1 μl, koncentrace celkové bílkoviny, glukózy a laktátu a katalytická aktivita laktátdehydrogenázy (LDH)) a kompletní cytologicko-energetickou analýzu (četnost neutrofilních granulocytů, výpočet koeficientu energetické bilance (KEB) a katalytická aktivita aspartátaminotrasferázy (AST)). Pro statistické zhodnocení souboru jsme použili Kruskal-Wallisův test s vícenásobným porovnáním p-hodnot a ROC analýzu. Výsledky: Na úrovni všech zmíněných parametrů dle Lightových kritérií i cytologicko-energetické analýzy nacházíme při porovnání nezánětlivých a zánětlivých výpotků statisticky významné rozdíly (p < 0,01). Při porovnání výpotků pacientů s purulentními pneumoniemi a hrudními empyémy nacházíme statisticky významné diference (p < 0,01) v případě „Lightových“ počtů jaderných elementů, koncentrací celkové bílkoviny a laktátu a katalytických aktivit LDH a „cytologicko-energetických“ hodnot KEB a katalytických aktivit AST. Pro rozlišení nezánětlivých a parapneumonických výpotků dosáhly vysokou diagnostickou efektivitu „Lightovy“ koncentrace glukózy (AUC = 0,981), laktátu (AUC = 0,970) a katalytické aktivity LDH (AUC = 0,962) a „cytologicko- energetické“ četnosti neutrofilních granulocytů (AUC = 0,982), hodnoty KEB (AUC = 0,999) a katalytické aktivity AST (AUC = 0,954).Pro rozlišení nezánětlivých výpotků a výpotků pacientů s hrudními empyémy dosáhly vysokou diagnostickou efektivitu „Lightovy“ počty jaderných elementů (AUC = 0,939), koncentrace glukózy (AUC = 0,967), laktátu (AUC = 0,987) a katalytické aktivity LDH (AUC = 0,984) a „cytologicko-energetické“ četnosti neutrofilních granulocytů (AUC = 0,985), hodnoty KEB (AUC = 0,991) a katalytické aktivity AST (AUC = 0,979). Podstatně nižších diagnostických efektivit všech sledovaných parametrů bylo dosaženo při diferenciaci parapneumonických výpotků a výpotků pacientů s hrudními empyémy: „Lightovy“ počty jaderných elementů (AUC = 0,714), koncentrace glukózy (AUC = 0,631), laktátu (AUC = 0,721), celkové bílkoviny (AUC = 0,537) a katalytických aktivit LDH (AUC = 0,710) a „cytologicko-energetické“ četnosti neutrofilních granulocytů (AUC = 0,553), hodnot KEB (AUC = 0,671) a katalytických aktivit AST (AUC = 0,718). Závěr: Předností cytologicko-energetické analýzy oproti analýze pleurálních výpotků dle Lightových kritérií je charakteristika lokální imunitní odpovědi s ohledem na její energetické nároky. Obě metodiky se vhodně doplňují. V žádném případě si ale neodporují.

Objective: Comparison of diagnostic efficiency of Light's parameters with cytological-energy analysis parameters of pleural effusion. Design: retrospective. Settings: Biomedical Centre, Krajská zdravotní, a. s. - Masaryk Hospital in Ústí nad Labem, o. z.; Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague; Laboratory for Cerebrospinal Fluid, Neuroimmunology, Pathology and Special Diagnostics Topelex, s.r.o; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Krajská zdravotní, a.s. - Masaryk Hospital in Usti nad Labem, o.z.; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Krajská zdravotní, a.s. – Masaryk Hospital in Ústí nad Labem, o.z. Material and Methods: The 96 samples of noninflammatory pleural effusions of patients with cardiac failure or systemic sepsis, the 211 samples of pleural effusions of patients with purulent pneumonia and the 283 samples of pleural effusions of patients with chest empyema were analysed. In all cases, we analysed selected parameters of Light criteria (total number of nuclear elements in 1 μl, concentration of total protein, glucose, lactate and catalytic activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) and parameters of cytological-energy analysis (frequency of neutrophils, KEB value and catalytic activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST)). Statistical analysis was performed using the ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test and ROC-analysis. Results: We found significant differences of parameters of Light‘s criteria and cytological-energy analysis between inflammatory and noninflammatory pleural effusions (p < 0.01). We found significant differences between patients with purulent pneumonia and chest empyema (p < 0.01). Light's criteria parameters included total number of nuclear elements, concentration of total protein, lactate and catalytic activities of LDH. Cytological-energy parameters included KEB value and catalytic activities of AST. We found high diagnostic accuracy of ,,Light's‘‘ concentration of glucose (AUC = 0.981), lactate (AUC = 0.970) and catalytic activities of LDH (AUC = 0.962) and ,,cytological-energy‘‘ frequency of neutrophils (AUC = 0.982), KEB values (AUC = 0.999) and catalytic activities of AST (AUC = 0.954) to distinguish between noninflammatory and parapneumonic pleural effusions. We found high diagnostic accuracy of „Light's“ total number of nuclear elements (AUC = 0.939), concentration of glucose (AUC = 0.967), lactate (AUC = 0.987) and catalytic activities of LDH (AUC = 0.984) and ,,cytological-energy‘‘ frequency of neutrophils (AUC = 0.985), KEB values (AUC = 0.991) and catalytic activities of AST (AUC = 0.979) to distinguish between noninflammatory pleural effusions and pleural effusions of patients with chest empyema. We found low diagnostic accuracy of all parameters to distinguish parapneumonic effusion and pleural effusion of patients with chest empyema: „Light's“ total number nuclear elements (AUC = 0.714), concentration of glucose (AUC = 0.631), lactate (AUC = 0.721), total protein (AUC = 0.537) and catalytic activities of LDH (AUC = 0.710) and „cytological-energy‘‘ frequency of neutrophils (AUC = 0.553), KEB values (AUC = 0.671) and catalytic activities of AST (AUC = 0.718). Conclusion: The advantage of cytological-energy analysis versus Light's criteria parameters is in their abilities to characterize a local immune response considering the energy state. Both methods complement each other appropriately. In any case, they do not contradict each other.

• Klíčová slova
• Lightova kritéria,
• MeSH
• empyém pleurální diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pleurální výpotek * diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• pneumonie diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Based on electromyographic data and force measurements within the shoulder joint, there is an indication that muscle and resulting joint reaction forces keep increasing over an abduction angle of 90°. In inverse dynamics models, no single parameter could be attributed to simulate this force behaviour accordingly. The aim of this work is to implement kinematic, kinetic and muscle model modifications to an existing model of the shoulder (AnyBody™) and assess their single and combined effects during abduction up to 140° humeral elevation. The kinematics and the EMG activity of 10 test subjects were measured during humeral abduction. Six modifications were implemented in the model: alternative wrapping of the virtual deltoid muscle elements, utilization of a three element Hill model, strength scaling, motion capture driven clavicle elevation/protraction, translation of the GH joint in dependency of the acting forces and an alteration of the scapula/clavicle rhythm. From the six modifications, 16 different combinations were considered. Parameter combinations with the Hill model changed the resultant GH joint reaction force and led to an increase in force during abduction of the humerus above 90°. Under the premise of muscle activities and forces within the GH joint rising after 90° of humeral abduction, we propose that the Hill type muscle model is a crucial parameter for accurately modelling the shoulder. Furthermore, the outcome of this study indicates that the Hill model induces the co-contraction of the muscles of the shoulder without the need of an additional stability criterion for an inverse dynamics approach.

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• humerus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lopatka MeSH
• ramenní kloub * MeSH
• rameno * MeSH
• rozsah kloubních pohybů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The focus of the presented work was to isolate and characterize circulating endometrial cells (CECs) enriched from peripheral blood (PB) of patients with diagnosed endometriosis. The molecular characteristics of CECs could be supportive for an understanding of endometriosis pathogenesis and treatment decisions in the future. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood samples (n = 423) were tested for CECs presence. Subsequently, gene expression analysis (GEA) was carried out for CECs. In parallel, CECs presence and characteristics were tested during menstrual cycle (MC) phases in 11 patients. CECs were enriched by size-based separation. RESULTS: CECs were present in 78.4% of the tested blood samples. In line with the revised American Fertility Society (rAFS) classification, CECs presence was confirmed in all the acknowledged endometriosis stages: minimal, mild, moderate, and severe. Surprisingly, CECs negativity rate was also reported for severe disease in 21.1% of cases. The CECs captured during MC phases displayed different cytomorphology, including epithelial, stromal, and stem cell-like characteristics. The highest CECs numbers were detected in the mid-secretory phase of MC, which corresponds to uterine lining decidualization. CECs captured during mid-secretory periods expressed genes KRT18, NANOG, and VIM in higher amounts when compared to the proliferative phase of MC, where genes KRT19 and ESR1 were mostly elevated. GEA of the super-positive CECs samples (1000 CECs/8 mL PB) revealed high expression of genes KRT18, VIM, NANOG, and FLT1. The expression of these genes was also elevated in the endometriosis tissue samples and endometrioma. CONCLUSION: The panel of the identified CEC genes could be tested in a prospective manner to confirm the role of CECs in endometriosis pathogenesis and diagnostics.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Transferrin is synthetized in the liver and is the most important iron-transport carrier in the human body. Severe alcohol consumption leads to alterations in glycosylation of transferrin. Mass spectrometry can provide fast detection and quantification of transferrin isoforms because they have different molecular masses. In this study, we used antibody chips in combination with MALDI-TOF MS for the detection and quantification of transferrin isoforms. METHODS: Protein chips were prepared by functionalization of indium tin oxide glass using ambient ion soft landing of electrosprayed antitransferrin antibody. Two microliters of patient serum was applied on the antibody-modified spots, and after incubation, washing, and matrix deposition, transferrin isoforms were detected by MALDI-TOF MS. Peak intensities of each transferrin form were used to calculate total carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT). The CDT values obtained by the MALDI chip method were compared with the results obtained by a standard capillary electrophoresis (CE). RESULTS: The chip-based MALDI-TOF MS method was used for enrichment and detection of CDT from human serum. A sample cohort from 186 patients was analyzed. Of these samples, 44 were positively identified as belonging to alcoholic patients, whereas 142 were negative by the MALDI chip approach. The correlation of the data obtained by the CE and the chip-based MALDI was r = 0.986, 95% CI. CONCLUSIONS: Functionalized MALDI chips modified by antitransferrin antibody prepared by ambient ion soft landing were successfully used for detection and quantification of CDT from human sera.

• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• referenční standardy MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• transferin analogy a deriváty   metabolismus   normy   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Our study compared early outcomes of total knee arthroplasty performed in conventional and enhanced perioperative care regimes, i.e. without the use of Redon drain, with intensified perioperative analgesia and more frequent and intensive rehabilitation regime in the latter. MATERIAL AND METHODS The prospective study included 194 patients (76 men and 118 women) implanted with primary knee endoprosthesis. The mean age was 68.8 (44.7 - 88.0 years). The patients were divided into two groups - the "enhanced" and "conventional" procedures. In the first group, Redon suction drain was not inserted at the end of the surgery, and the patients commenced passive knee mobility exercise of the operated knee immediately after being brought back from the operating theatre. The general anaesthesia was supplemented by a combined femoral nerve block and wound infiltration with local anaesthetics. The second group comprised the patients who underwent conventional surgery, i.e. with the use of drain, without femoral nerve block, with no wound infiltration with local anaesthetics, and without immediate post-operative mobilization of the joint. The evaluation was carried out using regular clinical tools (subjective evaluation, objective examination, questionnaire and Knee Society Score (KSS)). Standard statistical methods were applied to data processing. RESULTS The patients under the "conventional regime" showed a significantly sharper drop in haemoglobin and haematocrit levels, higher consumption of blood transfusion and analgesics during the first three days after the surgery. The patients under the "enhanced regime" showed a better range of joint motion at hospital discharge, flexion in particular (p = 0.001). During the hospital stay no frequent swelling, secretion or wound reddening was reported in any of the monitored groups. In the "conventional" group, however, haematomas were more frequently present. The postoperative checks did not reveal any differences in satisfaction of the patients with the surgery. At the first follow-up examination at the outpatient department the "conventional" group patients more often reported knee pain and a feeling of a swollen knee. Nonetheless, their statements did not correspond with the VAS score. In the period between the 6th and 12th months following the surgery, the differences in the range of motion disappeared. The KSS showed a noticeable improvement in both the groups as against the preoperative values. In the "enhanced" group patients, the score increased dramatically at the beginning, whereas in the "conventional" group, the score was growing slowly and gradually until the last follow-up check after the surgery. The "conventional" group patients more frequently reported infectious complications (surface and deep wound infections: 4 vs. 2 patients) requiring a revision surgery (p = 0.024). DISCUSSION Recently, attention has been drawn to the rapid recovery approach, which eliminated postoperative immobilization and enabled the patient to start exercising already on the day of the surgery, with some patients even walking independently. The individual enhanced recovery regimes differ in details but mostly result in achieving the aim much sooner when compared to the conventional approaches. The patients under the enhanced recovery regimes can accomplish better functional outcomes in the first few months after the surgery than the patients undergoing the surgery under the conventional regime. The routine use of Redon drains in TKA is obviously unnecessary; it tends to be associated with a higher blood loss and a higher risk of prosthetic joint infection. CONCLUSIONS The TKA implant without suction drains combined with intensified perioperative analgesia and intensive postoperative rehabilitation is a safe way to earlier recovery of the function of the operated knee, or, by extension, the lower limb. The described approach is not associated with a higher risk of perioperative complications (bleeding, healing disorders or early infections). Patients also benefit from lower blood losses. Based on the results of our study, we recommend performing the TKA surgeries routinely without drains, with perioperative analgesia and immediate postoperative joint mobilization. Key words: total knee arthroplasty; perioperative care; rapid recovery; drainage; active movement; postoperative outcomes; pain; infection.

• MeSH
• anestetika lokální aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• celková anestezie metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kolenní kloub patofyziologie   MeSH
• krevní transfuze MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• management bolesti metody   MeSH
• nervová blokáda metody   MeSH
• nervus femoralis MeSH
• odsávání škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• pooperační péče metody   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rozsah kloubních pohybů MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• strečink metody   MeSH
• totální endoprotéza kolene metody   rehabilitace   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky kontrolované MeSH