Shock waves can cause significant cytotoxic effects in tumor cells and tissues both in vitro and in vivo. However, understanding the mechanisms of shock wave interaction with tissues is limited. We have studied in vivo effects of focused shock waves induced in the syngeneic sarcoma tumor model using the TUNEL assay, immunohistochemical detection of caspase-3 and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Shock waves were produced by a multichannel pulsed-electrohydraulic discharge generator with a cylindrical ceramic-coated electrode. In tumors treated with shock waves, a large area of damaged tissue was detected which was clearly differentiated from intact tissue. Localization and a cone-shaped region of tissue damage visualized by TUNEL reaction apparently correlated with the conical shape and direction of shock wave propagation determined by high-speed shadowgraphy. A strong TUNEL reaction of nuclei and nucleus fragments in tissue exposed to shock waves suggested apoptosis in this destroyed tumor area. However, specificity of the TUNEL technique to apoptotic cells is ambiguous and other apoptotic markers (caspase-3) that we used in our study did not confirmed this observation. Thus, the generated fragments of nuclei gave rise to a false TUNEL reaction not associated with apoptosis. Mechanical stress from high overpressure shock wave was likely the dominant pathway of tumor damage.
- MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- elektrostimulační terapie přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- eosin MeSH
- experimentální nádory patologie terapie MeSH
- fluorescence MeSH
- hematoxylin MeSH
- imunohistochemie metody MeSH
- kaspasa 3 metabolismus MeSH
- koncové značení zlomů DNA in situ MeSH
- potkani inbrední LEW MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- cholecystolitiáza farmakoterapie chirurgie MeSH
- kyselina ursodeoxycholová terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- litotripse * kontraindikace metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- rázové vlny s vysokou energií terapeutické užití MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- žlučové kameny farmakoterapie chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The shock wave is used for the treatment of kidney stones, eventually of gall stones, for more than 20 years. It is a pressure wave, which breaks through soft tissues easily and it is possible to focus it into a small volume. The excellent results of the treatment of concrements led to considerations about another usage of the shock wave. The research is now concentrated on the possibility of the damage to tumour tissues. METHODS: In contrast to concrements tumour tissues are not different from healthy tissues as for their acoustic attributes. That is why a new source of shock waves was used in this work. The source allows generating two successive shock waves focused into a common focus, so-called tandem shock waves. The biological effects of the tandem shock waves generated by the new source on rats hepatic tissue and rabbit femoral muscle in vivo were studied in this work. The damage is demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: MR images showed tissue damage in focus. There was damage of the liver tissue, muscle and also stomach wall. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the tandem shock waves are able to damage the acoustically homogeneous soft tissue in the focus, i.e. in the depth. In tissues in front of the focus, there is, however, no damage (Fig. 10, Ref. 15).
- MeSH
- játra patologie MeSH
- kosterní svaly patologie MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- rázové vlny s vysokou energií škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zadní končetina MeSH
- žaludek patologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Úvod: Obecně můžeme říci, že rázová vlna se vyznačuje prudkou změnou vlastností prostředí, kterým se šíří. V medicíně se rázová vlna používá již řadu let a její počátky jsou spojeny s léčbou konkrementů. Úspěchy, které byly dosažené na poli dezintegrace konkrementů, vedly k úvahám o jiném využití rázových vln v medicíně. Dnes se například věnuje velká pozornost možnosti poškození nádorové tkáně účinkem rázových vln. Tato práce je věnována použití v ortopedii. Metoda a materiál: Ke generování rázových vln byl použit nový zdroj, který byl vyvinut na Ústavu fyziky plazmatu. Je založen na principu mnohokanálového výboje, ke kterému dochází na povrchu kompozitní anody. V experimentech byly zjišťovány účinky rázové vlny na spojení kosti a kostního cementu. Jednotlivé vzorky byly rázovány a poté byla měřena síla, která je nutná k vytlačení kostního cementu z kosti. Výsledky: Byly porovnávány mezi sebou maximální síly naměřené u vzorků experimentálních a kontrolních. Z výsledků vyplývá, že síly nutné k vytlačení kostního cementu z experimentálního vzorku jsou v porovnání s kontrolními vzorky menší. Diskuze: Z toho můžeme usuzovat, že rázová vlna dokáže narušit spojení kosti a kostního cementu. Tohoto efektu by šlo později využít při reoperacích totálních kloubních náhrad.
Introduction: It can be generally said that a shock wave is characterized by a sharp change in the properties of the environment through which it spreads. In medicine, shock waves have been used for many years and the origins of their application are associated with the treatment of concretions. The success that had been achieved in the field of stone disintegration encouraged further considerations in respect of other applications of shock waves in medicine. Currently, for example, much attention is given to the possibility of damaging tumour tissue by the effects of shock waves. This paper focuses upon orthopaedic applications. Material and methods: A new source of generating shock waves, which was developed at the Institute of Plasma Physics, has been used. It is based on the principle of multichannel discharge which occurs on the surface of the composite anode. The effects of shock waves upon the connection between the bone and bone cement were studied in the experiments. Individual samples were treated by the shock wave and thereafter, the force necessary to displace bone cement from the bone was measured. Results: The maximum forces established in experimental samples were compared to those measured in control samples. The results indicate that compared to control samples, the force necessary to displace bone cement from an experimental sample is smaller. Conclusions: This suggests that the shock wave can influence the way the bone and bone cement connect. This effect could be later used in total joint replacements reoperations.
- Klíčová slova
- fokusovaná rázová vlna, výměna kyčelního kloubu, kostní cement,
- MeSH
- artroplastiky kloubů MeSH
- biomedicínský výzkum MeSH
- femur MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- kostní cementy MeSH
- litotripse metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- miniaturní prasata MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- reoperace MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
Shock waves, pressure waves manifested as a sharp increase in positive pressure followed by a decrease and the negative part of the wave, are not only used to treat concrements in medicine. Recently, research has been focused on the possibility of their use for damaging the tumour tissue. In contrast to concrements, which are different from the surrounding tissue by their acoustic impedance, the tumour tissue has the same acoustic impedance as the surrounding soft tissue. Therefore, we have developed a new source of shock waves, which is based on the principle of multichannel discharge. This new source generates two successive shock waves (tandem shock waves). The first shock creates acoustic non-homogeneity and cavitations in the tissue, and the second shock is damped in it. In this work we demonstrated the effect of tandem shock waves on the muscle tissue in depth. The damage is shown on the images from the magnetic resonance imaging and histological sections. In the further part of the experiment, we investigated the in vivo effects of tandem shock waves in combination with Photosan and cisplatin on the tumour tissue. The application of tandem shock waves resulted in the inhibition of tumour growth, compared with controls, in both parts of the experiment. The largest inhibition effect was observed in the groups of tandem shock waves combined with Photosan and in the second part with cisplatin.
- MeSH
- cisplatina aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- cytostatické látky farmakologie MeSH
- fotosenzibilizující látky farmakologie MeSH
- kombinovaná terapie MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- nádory patologie MeSH
- outbrední kmeny zvířat MeSH
- potkani inbrední LEW MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- rázové vlny s vysokou energií MeSH
- subkutánní tkáň patologie účinky léků MeSH
- svaly patologie účinky léků MeSH
- tumor burden účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A new generator of two successive shock waves focused to a common focal point has been developed. Cylindrical pressure waves created by multichannel electrical discharges on two cylindrical composite anodes are focused by a metallic parabolic reflector - cathode, and near the focus they are transformed to strong shock waves. Schlieren photos of the focal region have demonstrated that mutual interaction of the two waves results in generation of a large number of secondary short-wavelength shocks. Interaction of the focused shockwaves with liver tissues and cancer cell suspensions was investigated. Localized injury of rabbit liver induced by the shock waves was demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging. Histological analysis of liver samples taken from the injured region revealed that the transition between the injured and the healthy tissues is sharp. Suspension of melanoma B16 cells was exposed and the number of the surviving cells rapidly decreased with increasing number of shocks and only 8 % of cells survived 350 shocks. Photographs of cells demonstrate that even small number of shocks results in perforation of cell membranes.
- MeSH
- buněčná membrána patologie MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- játra zranění patologie MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- melanom experimentální patologie MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nekróza MeSH
- ultrazvuk škodlivé účinky MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky záření MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- MeSH
- akustika metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- litotripse dějiny metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
