Obstructive sleep apnea increases morbidity and mortality risks. The most common treatment is continuous positive airway pressure, with nasal mask usage being important, but not always optimal. While most research on treatment adherence focuses on the patient, the bed partner's involvement may be detrimental. Our study aim is to obtain a European-wide picture of the bed partner's attitude and support towards continuous positive airway pressure therapy, including effects on relationship satisfaction and intimacy. The English translation of a German bed partner questionnaire, assessing relationship satisfaction and three major components (general attitude, perceived mask looks, intimacy effects) was distributed within the European Sleep Apnea Database Network and translated in participating countries' local language. Data were collected for 2 years. In total, 10 European countries (13 sleep centres) participated with 1546 questionnaires. Overall, 91% of bed partners had a positive attitude towards continuous positive airway pressure therapy, 86% perceived mask looks not negative, 64% stated no negative intimacy effects. More specifically, 71% mentioned improved sleep quality, 68% supported nightly device usage. For 41% of bed partners, relationship satisfaction increased (no change for 47%). These results were significantly more pronounced in Eastern/Southern Europe compared with Middle Europe, especially regarding intimacy effects. However, increased continuous positive airway pressure therapy length affected attitude negatively. These results provide necessary information to improve treatment strategies by including educational couple-focused approaches. Among others, we revealed that negative intimacy effects are not considered a barrier to continuous positive airway pressure adherence. These results may inspire more research identifying regional gaps with need for treatment adjustments.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obstrukční spánková apnoe * terapie   psychologie   MeSH
• osobní uspokojení * MeSH
• percepce MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sexuální partneři psychologie   MeSH
• trvalý přetlak v dýchacích cestách * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) have as a main symptom central hypersomnia (CH). The etiopathophysiology of NT1 is related to the hypocretin deficiency of autoimmune origin. The etiopathophysiology of NT2 and IH is unknown. There are doubts on the independence of NT2 and IH and their long-term course. The gut microbiota has an impact on brain functions and behavior either directly by mediators’ production or indirectly via autoantibodies against selected neurons. This evokes the hypothesis that microbiota has a role in etiopathophysiology of diseases with CH and may modify actual intensity of hypersomnia itself. Patients with CH and healthy controls will be clinically examined (including the long-term evolution of NT2 and IH). Their stools will be genetically analyzed in attempt to define the microbiome of the gut microbiota. The autoantibodies will be searched in their blood. The results will be mutually correlated. This research may elucidate the pathophysiology of CH disorders as well as may help to counselling the patients and fina

Narkolepsie typ 1 (NT1), narkolepsie typ 2 (NT2) a idiopatická hypersomnie (IH) mají hlavní symptom centrální hypersomnii (CH). Etiopatofyziologie NT1 je spojena s deficitem hypokretinu autoimunitního původu. Etiopatofyziologie NT2 a IH je neznámá. Jsou pochybnosti o nezávislosti NT2 a IH a o jejich dlouhodobém průběhu. Střevní microbiota má vliv na mozkové funkce a chování buď přímo přes tvorbu mediátorů nebo nepřímo prostřednictvím autoprotilátek proti vybraným neuronům. Lze proto vyslovit hypotézu, že microbiota hraje roli v etiopatofyziologii nemocí s CH a může modifikovat aktuální intenzitu samotné hypersomnie. Nemocní s CH a zdravé kontroly budou klinicky vyšetřeni (včetně dlouhodobého vývoje NT2 a IH). Jejich stolice bude geneticky analyzována s cílem definovat mikrobiom střevní mikrobioty. Bude pátráno po autoprotilátkách. Výsledky budou vzájemně korelovány. Tento výzkum má osvětlit patofyziologii nemocí s CH a také má pomoci v doporučeních nemocným a může otevřít nové směry léčby.

• Klíčová slova
• autoimmunity, mikrobiom, microbiome, autoprotilátky, autoantibodies, idiopatická hypersomnie, Idiopathic hypersomnia, autoimunita, elderly, extrakce DNA, vysoce výkonné sekvenování (HTS), funkce střevní bariéry, DNA extraction, high throughput sequencing (HTS), stáří, mikrobiota, microbiota, Narkolepsie typ 1 - narkolepsie s kataplexií, narkolepsie typ 2 - narkolepsie bez kataplexie, centrální hypersomnie, vývoj nemoci, Narcolepsy type 1 - narcolepsy with cataplexy, narcolepsy type 2 - narcolepsy without cataplexy, central hypersomnia, intesintal barrier function, disease evolution,

• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR

Little attention has been paid to the long-term development of idiopathic hypersomnia symptoms and idiopathic hypersomnia comorbidities. The aim of this study was to describe the general health of patients with idiopathic hypersomnia years after the initial diagnosis, focusing on current subjective hypersomnolence and the presence of its other possible causes. Adult patients diagnosed with idiopathic hypersomnia ≥ 3 years ago at sleep centres in Prague and Kosice were invited to participate in this study. A total of 60 patients were examined (age 47.3 ± SD = 13.2 years, 66.7% women). In all participants, their hypersomnolence could not be explained by any other cause but idiopathic hypersomnia at the time of diagnosis. The mean duration of follow-up was 9.8 + 8.0 years. Fifty patients (83%) reported persisting hypersomnolence, but only 33 (55%) had no other disease that could also explain the patient's excessive daytime sleepiness and/or prolonged sleep. In two patients (3%), the diagnosis in the meantime had changed to narcolepsy type 2, and 15 patients (25%) had developed a disease or diseases potentially causing hypersomnolence since the initial diagnosis. Complete hypersomnolence resolution without stimulant treatment lasting longer than 6 months was reported by 10 patients (17%). To conclude, in a longer interval from the diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia, hypersomnolence may disappear or may theoretically be explained by another newly developed disease, or the diagnosis may be changed to narcolepsy type 2. Thus, after 9.8 years, only 55% of the examined patients with idiopathic hypersomnia had a typical clinical picture of idiopathic hypersomnia without doubts about the cause of the current hypersomnolence.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• idiopatická hypersomnie * diagnóza   epidemiologie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• narkolepsie * diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• poruchy nadměrné spavosti * diagnóza   epidemiologie   komplikace   MeSH
• pozornost MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Sleep hygiene habits and self-reported sleep quality of those who work from home have yet to be fully understood. As working from home was widely implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic, the period might be a convenient model for studying the measures, as mentioned earlier. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess sleep hygiene habits and self-reported sleep quality in people working from home in March 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic began. METHOD: This study was designed as a cross-sectional web-based survey. An anonymous questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic variables and questions about personal habits, e.g., exercise activities and caffeine consumption. The outcome measures to assess sleep hygiene and sleep quality were the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) before and after the home office (HO) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS: A total of 204 responses were received. The prevalence of significant sleep disturbance (PSQI > 5) was 51 %. The mean PSQI and SHI scores were 6.15±3.385 and 17.67±7.836, respectively. PSQI and SHI showed a significant mutual positive correlation at the level of significance p < 0.001. The total score for SHI was similar before and after working from home (p = 0.982). However, differences were observed in its components. CONCLUSION: The total score on SHI did not change when compared before and during HO. However, working from home was associated with sleep hygiene malpractice in some individual components of SHI. On the other hand, some aspects of sleep hygiene behavior improved during HO.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• spánek fyziologie   MeSH
• spánková hygiena * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP) is a rapid eye movement sleep (REM) parasomnia, characterized by the loss of voluntary movements upon sleep onset and/or awakening with preserved consciousness. Evidence suggests microstructural changes of sleep in RISP, although the mechanism of this difference has not been clarified yet. Our research aims to identify potential morphological changes in the brain that can reflect these regulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited 10 participants with RISP (8 women; mean age 24.7 years; SD 2.4) and 10 healthy control subjects (w/o RISP; 3 women; mean age 26.3 years; SD 3.7). They underwent video-polysomnography (vPSG) and sleep macrostructure was analyzed. After that participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. We focused on 2-dimensional measurements of cerebellum, pons and thalamus. Statistical analysis was done in SPSS program. After analysis for normality we performed Mann-Whitney U test to compare our data. RESULTS: We did not find any statistically significant difference in sleep macrostructure between patients with and w/o RISP. No evidence of other sleep disturbances was found. 2-dimensional MRI measurements revealed statistically significant increase in cerebellar vermis height (p = 0.044) and antero-posterior diameter of midbrain-pons junction (p = 0.018) in RISP compared to w/o RISP. DISCUSSION: Our results suggest increase in size of cerebellum and midbrain-pons junction in RISP. This enlargement could be a sign of an over-compensatory mechanism to otherwise dysfunctional regulatory pathways. Further research should be done to measure these differences in time and with closer respect to the frequency of RISP episodes.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odpočinek MeSH
• poruchy nadměrné spavosti * MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH

The pathophysiology of recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP) has yet to be fully clarified. Very little research has been performed on electroencephalographic (EEG) signatures outside RISP episodes. This study aimed to investigate whether sleep is disturbed even without the occurrence of a RISP episode and in a stage different than conventional REM sleep. 17 RISP patients and 17 control subjects underwent two consecutive full-night video-polysomnography recordings. Spectral analysis was performed on all sleep stages in the delta, theta, and alpha band. EEG microstate (MS) analysis was performed on the NREM 3 phase due to the overall high correlation of subject template maps with canonical templates. Spectral analysis showed a significantly higher power of theta band activity in REM and NREM 2 sleep stages in RISP patients. The observed rise was also apparent in other sleep stages. Conversely, alpha power showed a downward trend in RISP patients' deep sleep. MS maps similar to canonical topographies were obtained indicating the preservation of prototypical EEG generators in RISP patients. RISP patients showed significant differences in the temporal dynamics of MS, expressed by different transitions between MS C and D and between MS A and B. Both spectral analysis and MS characteristics showed abnormalities in the sleep of non-episodic RISP subjects. Our findings suggest that in order to understand the neurobiological background of RISP, there is a need to extend the analyzes beyond REM-related processes and highlight the value of EEG microstate dynamics as promising functional biomarkers of RISP.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Microbial antigens can elicit an immune response leading to the production of autoantibodies cross-reacting with autoantigens. Still, their clinical significance in human sera in the context of brain diseases is unclear. Therefore, assessment of natural autoantibodies reacting with their neuropeptides may elucidate the autoimmune etiology of central hypersomnias. The study aims to determine whether serum autoantibody levels differ in patients with different types of central hypersomnias (narcolepsy type 1 and 2, NT1 and NT2; idiopathic hypersomnia, IH) and healthy controls and if the differences could suggest the participation of autoantibodies in disease pathogenesis. METHODS: Sera from 91 patients with NT1, 27 with NT2, 46 with IH, and 50 healthy controls were examined for autoantibodies against assorted neuropeptides. Participants were screened using questionnaires related to sleep disorders, quality of life, and mental health conditions. In addition, serum biochemical parameters and biomarkers of microbial penetration through the intestinal wall were determined. RESULTS: A higher prevalence of autoantibodies against neuropeptides was observed only for alpha-melanocytes-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and neuropeptide glutamic acid-isoleucine (NEI), which differed slightly among diagnoses. Patients with both types of narcolepsy exhibited signs of microbial translocation through the gut barrier. According to the questionnaires, patients diagnosed with NT2 or IH had subjectively worse life quality than patients with NT1. Patients displayed significantly lower levels of bilirubin and creatinine and slightly higher alkaline phosphatase values than healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, serum anti-neuronal antibodies prevalence is rare, suggesting that their participation in the pathophysiology of concerned sleep disorders is insignificant. Moreover, their levels vary slightly between diagnoses indicating no major diagnostic significance.

• MeSH
• autoprotilátky MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• narkolepsie * epidemiologie   MeSH
• neuropeptidy * MeSH
• poruchy nadměrné spavosti * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in elucidating the influence of the gut microbiota on sleep physiology. The gut microbiota affects the central nervous system by modulating neuronal pathways through the neuroendocrine and immune system, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, and various metabolic pathways. The gut microbiota can also influence circadian rhythms. In this study, we observed the gut microbiota composition of patients suffering from narcolepsy type 1, narcolepsy type 2, and idiopathic hypersomnia. We did not observe any changes in the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota among patient groups and healthy controls. We observed changes in beta diversity in accordance with Jaccard dissimilarities between the control group and groups of patients suffering from narcolepsy type 1 and idiopathic hypersomnia. Our results indicate that both these patient groups differ from controls relative to the presence of rare bacterial taxa. However, after adjustment for various confounding factors such as BMI, age, and gender, there were no statistical differences among the groups. This indicates that the divergence in beta diversity in the narcolepsy type 1 and idiopathic hypersomnia groups did not arise due to sleep disturbances. This study implies that using metabolomics and proteomics approaches to study the role of microbiota in sleep disorders might prove beneficial.

• MeSH
• idiopatická hypersomnie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• narkolepsie * MeSH
• poruchy nadměrné spavosti * MeSH
• poruchy spánku a bdění * MeSH
• spánek MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH