Low-grade inflammation links obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on expression profile of genes involved in inflammatory pathways in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) and peripheral monocytes (PM). At baseline, obese group had significantly increased mRNA expression of proinflammatory chemokines (CCL-3, -17, -22), chemokine receptor CCR1 and cytokines (IL-10, IL-18) in SCAT and chemokine and other proinflammatory receptors (CCR-1, -2, -3, TLR-2, -4) in PM relative to control group. LSG decreased body weight, improved metabolic profile and reduced mRNA expression of up-regulated chemokine receptors, chemokines and cytokines in SCAT. In contrast, expression profiles in PM were largely unaffected by LSG. We conclude that LSG improved proinflammatory profile in subcutaneous fat but not in peripheral monocytes. The sustained proinflammatory and chemotactic profile in PM even 2 years after LSG may contribute to partial persistence of metabolic complications in obese patients after metabolic surgery.
- MeSH
- chemokiny CC genetika metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- exprese genu * MeSH
- gastrektomie metody MeSH
- hmotnostní úbytek MeSH
- interleukin-10 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- interleukin-18 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- laparoskopie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA genetika metabolismus MeSH
- monocyty metabolismus patologie MeSH
- obezita genetika metabolismus patologie chirurgie MeSH
- orgánová specificita MeSH
- podkožní tuk metabolismus patologie MeSH
- receptory CCR genetika metabolismus MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- toll-like receptor 2 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- toll-like receptor 4 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- zánět genetika metabolismus patologie chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Omentin is a novel adipokine with insulin-sensitizing effects expressed predominantly in visceral fat. We investigated serum omentin levels and its mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) of 11 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 37 obese non-diabetic women (OB) and 26 healthy lean women (C) before and after various weight loss interventions: 2-week very-low-calorie diet (VLCD), 3-month regular exercise and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). At baseline, both T2DM and OB groups had decreased serum omentin concentrations compared with C group while omentin mRNA expression in SCAT did not significantly differ among the groups. Neither VLCD nor exercise significantly affected serum omentin concentrations and its mRNA expression in SCAT of OB or T2DM group. LSG significantly increased serum omentin levels in OB group. In contrast, omentin mRNA expression in SCAT was significantly reduced after LSG. Baseline fasting serum omentin levels in a combined group of the studied subjects (C, OB, T2DM) negatively correlated with BMI, CRP, insulin, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and leptin and were positively related to HDL-cholesterol. Reduced circulating omentin levels could play a role in the etiopathogenesis of obesity and T2DM. The increase in circulating omentin levels and the decrease in omentin mRNA expression in SCAT of obese women after LSG might contribute to surgery-induced metabolic improvements and sustained reduction of body weight.
- MeSH
- cytokiny biosyntéza krev MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu krev epidemiologie terapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gastrektomie metody MeSH
- GPI-vázané proteiny biosyntéza krev MeSH
- kalorická restrikce metody MeSH
- laparoskopie metody MeSH
- lektiny biosyntéza krev MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA biosyntéza MeSH
- morbidní obezita krev epidemiologie terapie MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- podkožní tuk metabolismus MeSH
- pohybová aktivita fyziologie MeSH
- regulace genové exprese MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- omentin, laparoskopická tubulizace žaludku,
- MeSH
- adipokiny * sekrece MeSH
- bariatrická chirurgie MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * dietoterapie metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA diagnostické užití MeSH
- obezita metabolismus MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese využití MeSH
- tuková tkáň * sekrece MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- grafy a diagramy MeSH
- MeSH
- bariatrická chirurgie MeSH
- gastrektomie * využití MeSH
- hmotnostní úbytek fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mediátory zánětu * metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- messenger RNA genetika MeSH
- monocyty sekrece MeSH
- obezita metabolismus MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- tuková tkáň * cytologie metabolismus sekrece MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- grafy a diagramy MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) is a member of epidermal growthfactor like family of proteins that regulates adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation. Experimental studies suggest that circulating Pref-1 levels may be also involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. We hypothesized that alterations in Pref-1 levels may contribute to the ethiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa or its underlying metabolic abnormalities. We measured Pref-1 concentrations and other hormonal, biochemical and anthropometric parameters in eighteen patients with anorexia nervosa and sixteen healthy women and studied the influence of partial realimentation of anorexia nervosa patients on these parameters. The mean duration of realimentation period was 46±2 days. At baseline, anorexia nervosa patients had significantly decreased body mass index, body weight, body fat content, fasting glucose, serum insulin, TSH, free T4, leptin and total protein. Partial realimentation improved these parameters. Baseline serum Pref-1 levels did not significantly differ between anorexia nervosa and control group (0.26±0.02 vs. 0.32±0.05 ng/ml, p=0.295) but partial realimentation significantly increased circulating Pref-1 levels (0.35±0.04 vs. 0.26±0.02 ng/ml, p<0.05). Postrealimentation Pref-1 levels significantly positively correlated with the change of body mass index after realimentation (r=0.49, p<0.05). We conclude that alterations in Pref-1 are not involved in the ethiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa but its changes after partial realimentation could be involved in the regulation of adipose tissue expansion after realimentation.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- inzulin krev MeSH
- leptin krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- membránové proteiny krev MeSH
- mentální anorexie metabolismus terapie MeSH
- mezibuněčné signální peptidy a proteiny krev MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- přijímání potravy fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost fyziologie MeSH
- tuková tkáň metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Increased circulating adhesion molecules in patients with obesity play an important role in the development of endothelial dysfunction/atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of various fat depots to the production of adhesion molecules in obesity. 12 women with first and second degree of obesity, 13 women with third degree of obesity and 14 lean age-matched women were included into study. Circulating levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and E-selectin were measured by Luminex kits. mRNA expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and CD68 in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was measured by RT-PCR; ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 protein levels by Luminex kits, normalized to protein content. Obesity increased ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA expression and protein levels and CD68 mRNA expression in VAT. Expression of E-selectin and MCP-1 did not significantly differ between groups. Expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 positively correlated with expression of CD68 in both adipose depots. In VAT, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression and protein levels positively correlated with BMI. Obesity was associated with increased adhesion molecules mRNA expression and protein levels in VAT, but not in SAT. Increased adhesion molecules production in visceral fat may provide a novel direct link between visceral adiposity and increased risk of cardiovascular complications.
- MeSH
- adipozita MeSH
- antigeny diferenciační myelomonocytární metabolismus MeSH
- biologické markery metabolismus MeSH
- CD antigeny metabolismus MeSH
- cévní buněčněadhezivní molekula-1 metabolismus MeSH
- chemokin CCL2 metabolismus MeSH
- E-selektin metabolismus MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci etiologie metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA krev MeSH
- mezibuněčná adhezivní molekula-1 metabolismus MeSH
- molekuly buněčné adheze genetika krev metabolismus MeSH
- nitrobřišní tuk metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- obezita MeSH
- podkožní břišní tuk metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- upregulace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Gastrointestinal hormones play an important role in the neuroendocrine regulation of food intake and postprandial satiety. Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid orexigenic peptide produced mainly by the stomach that is involved in both the long-term regulation of body weight and the short-term regulation of postprandial satiety. Impairments in ghrelin secretion may in concert with other factors play an important role in the development of both obesity and anorexia nervosa. Despite an intensive research the critical factors regulating physiological postprandial ghrelin response in healthy individuals and its modification by the presence of obesity and anorexia nervosa are only partially understood. The potential contribution of ghrelin to the differences of diet- vs. surgical-induced weight losses in morbidly obese patients is now also being recognized. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the physiology and pathophysiology of ghrelin and to discuss its potential in the prevention and/or treatment of obesity and anorexia nervosa.
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a novel metabolic regulator produced primarily by the liver that exerts potent antidiabetic and lipid-lowering effects in animal models of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This hormone contributes to body weight regulation and is strongly involved in the response to nutritional deprivation and ketogenic state in mice. The principal sites of metabolic actions of FGF21 are adipose tissue, liver and pancreas. Experimental studies have shown marked improvements in diabetes compensation and dyslipidemia after FGF21 administration in diabetic mice and primates. Positive metabolic actions of FGF21 without the presence of apparent side effects make this factor a hot candidate to treat type 2 diabetes and accompanying metabolic diseases. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the metabolic effects of FGF21 including some preliminary data on changes of its levels in humans with a special emphasis on its therapeutic potential in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu farmakoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- energetický metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- fibroblastové růstové faktory metabolismus terapeutické užití účinky léků MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hypoglykemika škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- látky proti obezitě škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- obezita farmakoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- signální transdukce účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
