BACKGROUND: The present study examined the influence of eight selected strains of Penicillium nalgiovense as secondary culture on the ripening of soft mould cheese. Ion-exchange chromatography, SDS-PAGE and sensory analysis were used for comparison of P. nalgiovense with common secondary mould culture (Penicillium camemberti). RESULTS: Proteolytic activity was more intensive in the case of the strains of P. nalgiovense in comparison with the control strains of P. camemberti. Some differences in the proportion and amount of free amino acids were observed between the strains of P. nalgiovense during ripening. Lower proteolytic activity of P. nalgiovense was more desirable for sensory properties of cheese, especially in case sample N2. CONCLUSION: This study provides information on the usability of selected strains of P. nalgiovense that could support the development of sensory properties of mould-ripened soft cheese. The cheese with the culture N2 had the best flavour after 35 days of storage. Moreover, this strain showed the lowest bitterness in comparison with the other used P. nalgiovense cultures. The intensity of bitterness of sample N2 was comparable to that of the control sample with P. camemberti. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
BACKGROUND: Reduced microbial diversity has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and probiotic bacteria have been proposed for its prevention and/or treatment. Nevertheless, comparative studies of strains of the same subspecies for specific health benefits are scarce. Here we compared two Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum strains for their capacity to prevent experimental colitis. METHODS: Immunomodulatory properties of nine probiotic bifidobacteria were assessed by stimulation of murine splenocytes. The immune responses to B. longum ssp. longum CCM 7952 (Bl 7952) and CCDM 372 (Bl 372) were further characterized by stimulation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cell, HEK293/TLR2 or HEK293/NOD2 cells. A mouse model of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis was used to compare their beneficial effects in vivo. RESULTS: The nine bifidobacteria exhibited strain-specific abilities to induce cytokine production. Bl 372 induced higher levels of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in spleen and dendritic cell cultures compared to Bl 7952. Both strains engaged TLR2 and contain ligands for NOD2. In a mouse model of DSS-induced colitis, Bl 7952, but not Bl 372, reduced clinical symptoms and preserved expression of tight junction proteins. Importantly, Bl 7952 improved intestinal barrier function as demonstrated by reduced FITC-dextran levels in serum. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that Bl 7952, but not Bl 372, protected mice from the development of experimental colitis. Our data suggest that although some immunomodulatory properties might be widespread among the genus Bifidobacterium, others may be rare and characteristic only for a specific strain. Therefore, careful selection might be crucial in providing beneficial outcome in clinical trials with probiotics in IBD.
- MeSH
- Bifidobacterium klasifikace fyziologie MeSH
- dendritické buňky mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
- HEK293 buňky MeSH
- imunoenzymatické techniky MeSH
- kolitida chemicky indukované prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech * MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- probiotika farmakologie MeSH
- signální adaptorový protein Nod2 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- síran dextranu toxicita MeSH
- střeva mikrobiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- toll-like receptor 2 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Probiotika jsou dlouhodobě v zájmu výzkumníků i mléčného průmyslu pro svůj biologický i ekonomický potenciál. Aplikace na sliznici nosu a nosohltanu ve světové literatuře dosud publikována nebyla. Po vyzkoušení směsi L. acidophilus CCD151 a L. helveticus CCGM 98 na dospělých dobrovolnících byla provedena aplikace u dětí v počáteční fázi infektu HCD. V souboru 76 dětí s aplikací laktoflóry bylo nutné v 8,1 % v dalším průběhu onemocnění nasadit antibiotika, v kontrolním souboru 31 dětí ve 22 %. Nedošlo k žádné nežádoucí příhodě.
Probiotics are topic of interest of clinical as well industry researchers, because of their biological and economical potential. Nasal application in the world letters was not published yet. Safety L. acidophilus CCD151 a L. helveticus CCGM 98 mixture was tested in adults and than used in children in the initial phase of a nasal, nasopharyngeal infection. In the set of 76 children using lactoflora solution intranasally in 8.1 % was necessary use antibiotics in the further treatment, in the control set of 31 children in 22 %. There were no serious adverse reactions.
- MeSH
- aplikace intranazální * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus MeSH
- Lactobacillus helveticus MeSH
- lékové roztoky aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nazofaryngitida * farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- nazofarynx mikrobiologie MeSH
- nosní sliznice mikrobiologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- probiotika * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- rinitida * farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Aplikace probiotik v prevenci a léčbě dysmikrobií je dlohodobě studována. Aplikace na sliznici nosu a nosohltanu dosud nebyla publikována. Po vyzkoušení přípravku probiotika u dospělých dobrovolníků, byla provedena aplikace u dětí. U 16 z 18 dětí (0,5–13 let) s rozvíjejícím se zánětem horních dýchacích cest došlo k ústupu potíží, bez nutnosti nasadit antibiotika. Nedošlo k žádné nežádoucí příhodě.
Usefulness of probiotics in prevention and treatment of non-microbial disorders is studied for a long time. Intranasal and nasopharyngeal application was not published yet. We have studied application in children after check-out of it in adult volunteers. In 16 from 18 children (0.5–13 years) suffering from acute nasopharyngeal inflammation we observed improvement of their health status without necessity of antibiotics treatment. There were no adverse reactions.
- MeSH
- antipyretika MeSH
- aplikace intranazální * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- infekce dýchací soustavy * terapie MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- probiotika * aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- sliznice MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Bifidobacterium longum is considered to play an important role in health maintenance of the human gastrointestinal tract. Probiotic properties of bifidobacterial isolates are strictly strain-dependent and reliable methods for the identification and discrimination of this species at both subspecies and strain levels are thus required. Differentiation between B. longum ssp. longum and B. longum ssp. infantis is difficult due to high genomic similarities. In this study, four molecular-biological methods (species- and subspecies-specific PCRs, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method using 5 primers, repetitive sequence-based (rep)-PCR with BOXA1R and (GTG)(5) primers and amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA)) and biochemical analysis, were compared for the classification of 30 B. longum strains (28 isolates and 2 collection strains) on subspecies level. Strains originally isolated from the faeces of breast-fed healthy infants (25) and healthy adults (3) showed a high degree of genetic homogeneity by PCR with subspecies-specific primers and rep-PCR. When analysed by RAPD, the strains formed many separate clusters without any potential for subspecies discrimination. These methods together with arabionose/melezitose fermentation analysis clearly differentiated only the collection strains into B. longum ssp. longum and B. longum ssp. infantis at the subspecies level. On the other hand, ARDRA analysis differentiated the strains into the B. longum/infantis subspecies using the cleavage analysis of genus-specific amplicon with just one enzyme, Sau3AI. According to our results the majority of the strains belong to the B. longum ssp. infantis (75%). Therefore we suggest ARDRA using Sau3AI restriction enzyme as the first method of choice for distinguishing between B. longum ssp. longum and B. longum ssp. infantis.
- MeSH
- Bifidobacterium chemie klasifikace genetika MeSH
- DNA bakterií chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kojení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární typizace metody MeSH
- restrikční mapování MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- technika náhodné amplifikace polymorfní DNA MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
The aim of this work was to study, under model conditions, combined effects of the concentration of lactose (0-1% w/v), NaCl (0-2% w/v) and aero/anaerobiosis on the growth and tyramine production in 3 strains of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and 2 strains of L. lactis subsp. cremoris. The levels of the factors tested were chosen with respect to the conditions which can occur during the real process of natural cheese production, including the culture temperature (10 ± 1°C). In all strains tested, tyrosine decarboxylation was most influenced by NaCl concentration; the highest production of tyramine was obtained within the culture with the highest (2% w/v) salt concentration applied. Two of the strains L. lactis subsp. lactis produced tyramine only in broth with the highest NaCl concentration tested. In the remaining 3 strains of L. lactis, tyramine was detected under all conditions applied. The tested concentration of lactose and aero/anaerobiosis had a less significant effect on tyramine decarboxylation. However, it was also found that at the same concentrations of NaCl and lactose, a higher amount of tyramine was detected under anaerobic conditions. In all strains tested, tyramine decarboxylation started during the active growth phase of the cells.
- MeSH
- aerobióza MeSH
- anaerobióza MeSH
- chlorid sodný metabolismus MeSH
- Lactococcus lactis klasifikace enzymologie růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- laktosa metabolismus MeSH
- sýr mikrobiologie MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- tyramin biosyntéza MeSH
- tyrosindekarboxylasa metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
