OBJECTIVES: Both aortic root remodelling and aortic valve (AV) reimplantation have been used for valve-sparing root replacement in patients with aortic root aneurysm with or without aortic regurgitation. There is no clear evidence to support one technique over the another. This study aimed to compare remodelling with basal ring annuloplasty versus reimplantation on a multicentre level with the use of propensity-score matching. METHODS: This was a retrospective international multicentre study of patients undergoing remodelling or reimplantation between 2010 and 2021. Twenty-three preoperative covariates (including root dimensions and valve characteristics) were used for propensity-score matching. Perioperative outcomes were analysed along with longer-term freedom from AV reoperation/reintervention and other major valve-related events. RESULTS: Throughout the study period, 297 patients underwent remodelling and 281 had reimplantation. Using propensity-score matching, 112 pairs were selected and further compared. We did not find a statistically significant difference in perioperative outcomes between the matched groups. Patients after remodelling had significantly higher reintervention risk than after reimplantation over the median follow-up of 6 years (P = 0.016). The remodelling technique (P = 0.02), need for decalcification (P = 0.03) and degree of immediate postoperative AV regurgitation (P < 0.001) were defined as independent risk factors for later AV reintervention. After exclusion of patients with worse than mild AV regurgitation immediately after repair, both techniques functioned comparably (P = 0.089). CONCLUSIONS: AV reimplantation was associated with better valve function in longer-term postoperatively than remodelling. If optimal immediate repair outcome was achieved, both techniques provided comparable AV function.
- MeSH
- anuloplastika srdeční chlopně metody MeSH
- aortální chlopeň * chirurgie MeSH
- aortální insuficience * chirurgie MeSH
- chirurgická náhrada chlopně metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- reoperace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- replantace * metody MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tendenční skóre * MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: Venotonics are a class of therapeutically active molecules that have vaso-protective effects. They are used to alleviate venous diseases and disorders, particularly venous insufficiency. We compared the composition of prescription versus over-the-counter (OTC) venotonics using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-DAD) and simulating their digestion using a static digestive model. METHODS: From each drug, five tablets were weighed. A homogenate was prepared, and 25 mg of crushed homogenized tablets were weighed into 25 ml volumetric flasks. Dissolved in MeOH and added two drops of saturated NaOH solution. The samples were filtered into vials (Teflon, 0.45 μm) and used for analysis. An Ultimate 3000 HPLC system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) consisting of a quaternization pump, autosampler, column thermostat and DAD (UV/VIS detector) was used. The composition of the mobile phase proceeded in a linear gradient from 30% methanol and 70% phosphoric acid (0.15%) in water at time t=0 min. to 80% methanol and 20% phosphoric acid (0.15%) at time t=15 min., at a constant mobile phase flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. Detection was performed using a DAD detector in the 190-450 nm wavelength range. The content of monitored flavonoids was calculated from peaks at a wavelength of 277 nm, in which both flavonoids have their absorption maxima. The static digestive model was used to simulate the digestive phase from the oral cavity to the corresponding intestinal phase. RESULTS: The content of diosmin and hesperidin (mg per table) for a prescription drug: Detralex: 480 mg, 26 mg. The content of diosmin and hesperidin (mg per tablet) for OTC drugs: Venostop: 502 mg, 48 mg, Diosminol: 520 mg, 50 mg, Devenal: 496 mg, 49 mg, Diohes: 493 mg, 46 mg. Digestion did not affect the solubility of all tested drugs. The active substances could not be determined in the non-alkalized sample. After alkalization, part of the insoluble matter was visibly dissolved and converted to a yellow flavonoid complex. Neither diosmin nor hesperidin could be identified afterwards. CONCLUSIONS: Our experimental results show that the contents of both listed active substances, diosmin and hesperidin, met the declared amounts in all tested medicaments. Digestion simulation showed identical behaviour in prescription and OTC venotonics. The active substances could not be determined in the non-alkalized sample. Digestion did not affect the solubility of the tested drugs.
Transcatheter mitral intervention is one of the most dynamic areas of cardiology. Although the dominant treatment for patients with mitral disease is still cardiac surgery or transcatheter "edge-to-edge" repair, transcatheter mitral valve implantation is an option available for selected patients. The article describes the main anatomical limitations of this method, its current possibilities, as well as perspectives for future development. In the end section, we present the case report of our patient treated successfully with transcatheter implantation of a mitral bioprosthesis.
Katetrizační intervence na mitrální chlopni jsou jednou z nejdynamičtějších oblastí kardiologie. Ačkoliv v této oblasti je stále dominantní léčbou pacientů kardiochirurgie, případně katetrizační plastika cípů mitrální chlopně, máme již dnes pro vybrané pacienty dostupnou možnost katetrizační implantace mitrální bioprotézy. V článku popisujeme hlavní anatomické limitace této metody, její současné možnosti a také perspektivy budoucího vývoje. Na závěr popisujeme kazuistiku našeho pacienta úspěšně léčeného pomocí katetrizační implantace mitrální bioprotézy.
- MeSH
- chirurgická náhrada chlopně MeSH
- kardiochirurgické výkony metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mitrální chlopeň chemie patologie MeSH
- mitrální insuficience * chirurgie MeSH
- srdeční katetrizace * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Use of the current echocardiography-based indications for aortic regurgitation (AR) surgery might result in late valve replacement at the stage of irreversible myocardial damage. Therefore, we aimed to identify simple models combining multiple echocardiography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived indices and natriuretic peptides (BNP [brain natriuretic peptide] or NT-proBNP [N-terminnal pro-B type natriuretic peptide]) to predict early disease decompensation in asymptomatic severe AR. METHODS: This prospective and multicenter study included asymptomatic patients with severe AR, preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (>50%), and sinus rhythm. The echocardiography and MRI images were analyzed centrally in the CoreLab. The study end point was the onset of indication for aortic valve surgery as per current guidelines. RESULTS: The derivative cohort consisted of 127 asymptomatic patients (age 45±14 years, 84% males) with 41 (32%) end points during a median follow-up of 1375 (interquartile range, 1041-1783) days. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, age, BNP, 3-dimensional vena contracta area, MRI left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, regurgitant volume, and a fraction were identified as independent predictors of end point (all P<0.05). However, a combined model including one parameter of AR assessment (MRI regurgitant volume or regurgitant fraction or 3-dimensional vena contracta area), 1 parameter of left ventricular remodeling (MRI left ventricular end-diastolic volume index or echocardiography 2-dimensional global longitudinal strain or E wave), and BNP showed significantly higher predictive accuracy (area under the curve, 0.74-0.81) than any parameter alone (area under the curve, 0.61-0.72). These findings were confirmed in the validation cohort (n=100 patients, 38 end points). CONCLUSIONS: In asymptomatic severe AR, multimodality and multiparametric model combining 2 imaging indices with natriuretic peptides, showed high accuracy to identify early disease decompensation. Further prospective studies are warranted to explore the clinical benefit of implementing these models to guide patient management. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov; Unique identifier: NCT02910349.
- MeSH
- aortální insuficience * diagnostické zobrazování etiologie chirurgie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- echokardiografie MeSH
- funkce levé komory srdeční MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- natriuretický peptid typu B MeSH
- tepový objem MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
Background: Unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) is the second most common underlying cause of aortic valve dysfunction in young adults after the bicuspid valve. The valve may be replaced (for example by pulmonary autograft) or repaired using the bicuspidization technique. The aim of our study was to compare short- and mid-term outcomes of Ross procedure with bicuspidization in patients with severe UAV dysfunction. Methods: This was a multi-center retrospective observational cohort study comparing data from two dedicated Ross centers in the Czech Republic with bicuspidization outcomes provided by AVIATOR registry. As for the Ross group, only the patients with UAV were included. Primary endpoint was mid-term freedom from reintervention. Secondary endpoints were mid-term freedom from major adverse events, endocarditis and pacemaker implantation. Results: Throughout the study period, 114 patients underwent the Ross procedure (years 2009-2020) and 126 patients underwent bicuspidization (years 2006-2019). The bicuspidization group was significantly younger and presented with a higher degree of dyspnea, a lower degree of aortic valve stenosis and more often with pure regurgitation. The primary endpoint occurred more frequently in the bicuspidization group than in the Ross group - 77.9 vs. 97.9 % at 5 years and 68.4 vs. 75.2 % at 10 years (p < 0.001). There was no difference in secondary endpoints. Conclusion: Ross procedure might offer a significantly lower mid-term risk of reintervention than bicuspidization in patients with UAV. Both procedures have comparable survival and risk of other short- and mid-term complications postoperatively.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Reliable quantification of aortic regurgitation (AR) severity is essential for clinical management. We aimed to compare quantitative and indirect echo-Doppler indices to quantitative cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) parameters in asymptomatic chronic severe AR. Methods and Results: We evaluated 104 consecutive patients using echocardiography and CMR. A comprehensive 2D, 3D, and Doppler echocardiography was performed. The CMR was used to quantify regurgitation fraction (RF) and volume (RV) using the phase-contrast velocity mapping technique. Concordant grading of AR severity with both techniques was observed in 77 (74%) patients. Correlation between RV and RF as assessed by echocardiography and CMR was relatively good (rs = 0.50 for RV, rs = 0.40 for RF, p < 0.0001). The best correlation between indirect echo-Doppler and CMR parameters was found for diastolic flow reversal (DFR) velocity in descending aorta (rs = 0.62 for RV, rs = 0.50 for RF, p < 0.0001) and 3D vena contracta area (VCA) (rs = 0.48 for RV, rs = 0.38 for RF, p < 0.0001). Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, the largest area under curve (AUC) to predict severe AR by CMR RV was observed for DFR velocity (AUC = 0.79). DFR velocity of 19.5 cm/s provided 78% sensitivity and 80% specificity. The AUC for 3D VCA to predict severe AR by CMR RV was 0.73, with optimal cut-off of 26 mm2 (sensitivity 80% and specificity 66%). Conclusions: Out of the indirect echo-Doppler indices of AR severity, DFR velocity in descending aorta and 3D vena contracta area showed the best correlation with CMR-derived RV and RF in patients with chronic severe AR.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
We hereby present a case report of airway compression due to descending aortic aneurysm occurred to 71-year-old female with 1-month progressive dyspnoea, haemoptysis, and cough without any fever. Her past medical history included repeated respiratory infections, chronic cough, an admission to the hospital 2 years ago due to left-side pneumonia. A dilatation of the ascending aorta and kinking of the descending aorta with compression of the left main stem bronchus was detected by the computed tomography. Stenting of the bronchial lumen had failed, and the patient was indicated for surgery, the descending aorta replacement had been performed. Left main stem bronchus compression of descending aorta kinking is a very rare pathology. Surgery was the only possible treatment.
Představujeme kazuistiku 71leté pacientky s kompresí levého hlavního bronchu aneurysmatem descendentní aorty, která se projevila progresivní dušností, kašlem a hemoptýzou bez přítomnosti teploty. Osobní anamnéza pacientky zahrnuje opakované respirační infekce, chronický kašel, hospitalizaci pro levostrannou pneumonii. Během CT vyšetření bylo zjištěno aneurysma ascendentní aorty, dilatace a kinking descendentní aorty s útlakem levého hlavního bronchu. Zavedení stentu do bronchiálního lumen nemělo úspěch, proto byl u pacientky indikován chirurgický výkon, kdy byla provedena náhrada descendentní aorty. Útlak hlavního bronchu aneurysmatem a kinkingem aorty je velice vzácnou patologií. Jedinou možností léčby byl chirurgický zákrok. © 2021, ČKS.
- Klíčová slova
- komprese bronchu,
- MeSH
- aortální aneurysma * chirurgie komplikace MeSH
- bronchy patologie MeSH
- kardiochirurgické výkony MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Introduction: The rate of thawing of cryopreserved human iliac arteries allografts (CHIAA) directly affects the severeness of structural changes that occur during this process. Method: The experiment was performed on ten CHIAA. The 10% dimethylsulphoxide in 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution was used as the cryoprotectant; all CHIAA were cooled at a controlled rate and stored in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen (-194°C). Two thawing protocols were tested: (1) placing the CHIAA in a water bath at 37°C, and (2) the CHIAA were thawed in a controlled environment at 5°C. All samples underwent analysis under a scanning electron microscope. Testing of the mechanical properties of the CHIAA was evaluated on a custom-built single axis strain testing machine. Longitudinal and circumferential samples were prepared from each tested CHIAA. Results: Ultrastructural analysis revealed that all five CHIAA thawed during the thawing protocol 1 which showed significantly more damage to the subendothelial structures when compared to the samples thawed in protocol 2. Mechanical properties: Thawing protocol 1-longitudinal UTS 2, 53 ± 0, 47 MPa at relative strain 1, 27 ± 0, 12 and circumferential UTS 1, 94 ± 0, 27 MPa at relative strain 1, 33 ± 0, 09. Thawing protocol 2-longitudinal ultimate tensile strain (UTS) 2, 42 ± 0, 34 MPa at relative strain 1, 32 ± 0, 09 and circumferential UTS 1, 98 ± 0, 26 MPa at relative strain 1, 29 ± 0, 07. Comparing UTS showed no statistical difference between thawing methods. Conclusion: Despite the significant differences in structural changes of presented thawing protocols, the ultimate tensile strain showed no statistical difference between thawing methods.
- MeSH
- alografty účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- arteria iliaca účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- dimethylsulfoxid farmakologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kryoprezervace metody MeSH
- kryoprotektivní látky farmakologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Představujeme kasuistiku perforace Valsalvova sinu do pravé síně u 44letého pacienta s osmiměsíční progredující námahovou dušností, občasnými palpitacemi a otoky dolních končetin. Při echokardiografickém vyšetření bylo nalezeno masivní levopravé zkratové proudění mezi výtokovým traktem levé komory a pravou síní. U pacienta byl indikován chirurgický výkon, během kterého byl nalezen defekt v oblasti nekoronárního cípu, jdoucí do pravé síně, s kalcifikacemi v anulu vrozeně bikuspidální aortální chlopně, bez přítomných známek endokarditidy, z pravé síně byla excidována abundantní tkáň, která byla původně aneurysmatem nekoronárního cípu aortálního kořene. Aneurysma Valsalvova sinu je velice vzácnou patologií, která je většinou asymptomatická. V tomto případě se projevila perforací do pravé síně a symptomatologií pravostranného srdečního selhání. Jedinou možností léčby byl chirurgický zákrok.
We hereby present a case report of ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm into the right atrium in 44-year-old patient with 8-month progressive exertional dyspnoea, occasional palpitations and oedema of lower extremities. A massive left-to-right shunt between the outflow tract of the left ventricle and right atrium was discovered from the echocardiogram examination. The patient was indicated for surgery, during which it was discovered a defect in the area of the non-coronary sinus extending into the right atrium, calcifications in the annulus of the congenitally bicuspid aortic valve, without signs of endocarditis present, abundant tissue was excised from the right atrium which had originally been an aneurysm of the non-coronary sinus of the aortic root. Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is a very rare pathology which is generally asymptomatic. In this case it manifested through a rupture into the right atrium and symptomatology of right-sided heart failure. Surgery was the only possible treatment.
- MeSH
- aortální aneurysma * chirurgie MeSH
- chirurgická náhrada chlopně MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- echokardiografie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Valsalvův sinus * patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
