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Autoři definují pojem prehypertenze (PHT) a hypertenze (HT), uvedena je jejich prevalence u dětí a dospělých. Upozorňujeme na tzv. programming PHT a HT již v prenatálním a časném postnatálním období. Uveden je přehled konzumace soli u nás a ve světě ve vztahu k PHT a HT a komplikacím kardiovaskulárních onemocnění (KVO). Je vysvětlen pojem senzitivita, resp. rezistence při nadměrné dodávce soli podmiňující vzestup krevního tlaku (TK). Stručně jsou uvedeny názory na patofyziologii PHT a HT, shrnuta fakta o konzumaci soli v historii a současnosti a možnosti prevence KVO. Rizika PHT/HT jsou v současnosti spojena s narůstajícím výskytem nadváhy/obezity u dětí a dorostu, ty jsou často spojeny s vysokou konzumací nejen soli, ale i cukru. Shrnujeme zásady primární prevence PHT/HT a komplikací KVO se zdůrazněním nefarmakologické intervence. Prevence by měla začít již ve věku, kdy o jedince pečují pediatři.

The definition and diagnostics of prehypertension (pHt), hypertension (Ht) and their prevalence in children and adults are presented. attention was drawn to the pHt and Ht programming already in the prenatal and early postnatal period. an overview of very high salt consumption in the czech republic and in the world which is connected with pHt, Ht and later with complications of cardiovascular diseases (cVd). the concept of salt sensitivity/ resistance is explained. Briefly presented are opinions on the pathophysiology of hypertension. summarized are the facts about salt consumption in history and the present and possibility of cVd prevention. recently, the risk of pHt/Ht is currently associated with the increasing incidence of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents, who are often associated with high consumption of not only salt, but also sugar. summarized are principles of primary prevention of pHt/Ht and complications of cVd with emphasis on early non-pharmacological intervention. prevention of pHt/ Ht should start already at the age when the individual health care is provided by pediatricians.

MeSH
dieta s nízkým obsahem soli MeSH
dítě MeSH
dospělí MeSH
hypertenze * diagnóza patofyziologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
kuchyňská sůl * škodlivé účinky MeSH
lidé MeSH
měření krevního tlaku MeSH
prehypertenze diagnóza prevence a kontrola MeSH
prevalence MeSH
rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních chorob MeSH
Check Tag
dítě MeSH
dospělí MeSH
lidé MeSH

Článek

Abnormal kidney ultrasound and function in a five-year-old boy born prematurely with a birth weight of 370 grams

Bratislavské lekárske listy. 2023 ; 124 (9) : 682-684.

Bratisl Lek Listy
ISSN 0006-9248
Medvik
Zdroj

It is known that prematurity and low birth weight are associated with chronic kidney disease and hypertension. A positive correlation between kidney volume and birth weight was also described. In our ongoing observational study in 5-year-old children, we perceived highly abnormal kidney ultrasound and functions of a male patient born weighing 370 grams. It was his first nephrology examination since discharge from the hospital. We believe that thorough follow up and timely diagnosis of developing renal insufficiency may help us to initiate proper treatment in high-risk children (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 7).