Představa pohybu může být vhodný doplněk běžné fyzioterapie u pacientů po cévní mozkové příhodě (CMP), jelikož vede ke zlepšení vykonání pohybu skrz facilitaci motorického učení. Před implementací představy pohybu do terapie je nicméně žádoucí ozřejmit, zda daný pacient má kapacitu na tento typ tréninku. Schopnost představy pohybu je u pacientů po CMP testována mimo jiné prostřednictvím dotazníku Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised Second Version (MIQ-RS). Cílem předložené práce je vytvořit českou verzi dotazníku MIQ-RS pro pacienty po CMP a ověřit jeho reliabilitu a validitu. Spolehlivost MIQ-RS pro pacienty po CMP byla z hlediska vnitřní konzistence velmi dobrá (Cronbachovo alfa 0,91–0,94) a z hlediska test-retest opakovatelnosti akceptovatelná (vnitrotřídní koeficient korelace (ICC) 0,59–0,91). Dále byla potvrzena i dvoufaktorová struktura dotazníku obsahující vizuální a kinestetickou škálu. Česká verze dotazníku MIQ-RS je spolehlivým a platným indikátorem schopnosti představy pohybu u pacientů v subakutním stadiu po CMP, a proto je vhodná pro použití v klinické praxi.
Motor imagery may be a useful adjunct to conventional physiotherapy in stroke survivors as it leads to improved movement execution through facilitation of motor learning. However, before implementing motor imagery in therapy, it is desirable to clarify whether the patient has the capacity for this type of training. Motor imagery capacity in stroke survivors is tested, among others, by the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised Second Version (MIQ-RS). The aim of the present study is to develop the Czech MIQ-RS for stroke survivors and to verify its reliability and validity. The reliability of the MIQ-RS for stroke survivors was very good in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach‘s alpha 0.91–0.94) and acceptable in terms of test-retest repeatability (interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.59–0.91). Furthermore, the two-factor structure of the questionnaire containing visual and kinesthetic scales was confirmed. The Czech MIQ-RS is a reliable and valid indicator of the ability to imagine movement in subacute stroke survivors and is therefore suitable for use in clinical practice.
- Klíčová slova
- představa pohybu, validace,
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- představa o vlastním těle MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rehabilitace po cévní mozkové příhodě * metody MeSH
- vnímání pohybu MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Cílem studie bylo zjistit, zda výskyt břišní diastázy může ovlivnit postavení dolních končetin a zatížení chodidla při chůzi u dětí mladšího školního věku. Výzkumný soubor tvořilo 16 dětí mladšího školního věku, které byly podle rozestupu břišních svalů zařazeny do dvou skupin: s břišní diastázou (věk 8,0 ± 0,8 let; výška 134,6 ± 5,2 cm; hmotnost 35,8 ± 8,2 kg; rozestup břišních svalů 2,5 ± 0,8 cm) a bez břišní diastázy (věk 7,9 ± 0,6 let; výška 130,3 ± 5,5 cm; hmotnost 29,0 ± 5,0 kg; rozestup břišních svalů 0,9 ± 0,5 cm). K objektivizaci dat byl využit goniometr, posuvné měřidlo Nylon Dial Cliper, dynamický chodník h/p/cosmos® Rehawalk® zebrisTM a kamera NINOXTM125. Měřenými parametry byly hodnoty statické valgozity paty, rozestup břišních svalů, kinematické a dynamické parametry chůze. Bylo zjištěno, že velikost břišní diastázy se zvětšuje s rostoucí hodnotou BMI. S rostoucí hodnotou rozestupu břišních svalů se zvyšuje velikost statické valgozity paty a velikost valgozity kolenního kloubu v mezistoji stojné fáze chůze. Dále bylo naměřeno významně nižší zatížení přednoží a delší kontakt zánoží s podložkou u dětí s břišní diastázou v porovnání s dětmi bez břišní diastázy. Výsledky mohou být užitečné pro záchyt a zamezení postupu patologických změn při vývoji pohybového aparátu dětí jak v pediatrické, tak fyzioterapeutické praxi.
The aim of the study was to determine whether the occurrence of diastasis recti abdominis can affect the position of the lower limbs and the load on the foot when walking in children of younger school age. The research group consisted of 16 children of younger school age who were classified into two groups according to the spacing of the abdominal muscles: with abdominal diastasis (age 8,0 ± 0,8 years; height 134,6 ± 5,2 cm; weight 35,8 ± 8,2 kg; abdominal muscle spacing 2,5 ± 0,8 cm) and without abdominal diastasis (age 7,9 ± 0,6 years; height 130,3 ± 5,5 cm; weight 29,0 ± 5,0 kg; abdominal muscle spacing 0,9 ± 0,5 cm). A goniometer, a Nylon Dial Cliper sliding gauge, a h/p/cosmos® Rehawalk® dynamic walkway with zebrisTM software, and two NINOXTM125 cameras were used to objective the data. The measured parameters were values of static heel valgus, abdominal muscle spacing, kinematic and dynamic gait parameters. The size of the abdominal diastasis was found to increase with increasing BMI. With increasing values of the spacing of the abdominal muscles, the size of the static valgus of the heel increases and the size of the valgus of the knee joint increases in the midstance of the gait cycle. Furthermore, a significantly lower load on the forefoot and a longer contact of the rearfoot with the ground were measured in children with diastasis recti abdominis compared to children without diastasis. The results can be useful for detecting and preventing the progression of pathological changes in the development of the children ́s musculoskeletal system in both pediatric and physiotherapy practice.
- Klíčová slova
- valgozita paty,
- MeSH
- analýza chůze metody MeSH
- břišní svaly patologie MeSH
- diastáza svalů * komplikace patologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dolní končetina patologie růst a vývoj MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- postura těla MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
This study explores how gait imagery (GI) influences lower-limb muscle activity with respect to posture and previous walking experience. We utilized surface electromyography (sEMG) in 36 healthy young individuals aged 24 (±1.1) years to identify muscle activity during a non-gait imagery task (non-GI), as well as GI tasks before (GI-1) and after the execution of walking (GI-2), with assessments performed in both sitting and standing postures. The sEMG was recorded on both lower limbs on the tibialis anterior (TA) and on the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) for all tested tasks. As a result, a significant muscle activity decrease was found in the right TA for GI-1 compared to GI-2 in both sitting (p = 0.008) and standing (p = 0.01) positions. In the left TA, the activity decreased in the sitting posture during non-GI (p = 0.004) and GI-1 (p = 0.009) in comparison to GI-2. No differences were found for GM. The subjective level of imagination difficulty improved for GI-2 in comparison to GI-1 in both postures (p < 0.001). Previous sensorimotor experience with real gait execution and sitting posture potentiate TA activity decrease during GI. These findings contribute to the understanding of neural mechanisms beyond GI.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Koncept minimalistické (barefoot) obuvi představuje způsob obouvání, který si klade za cíl přiblížit chůzi v obuvi podmínkám chůze naboso. Minimalistická obuv se obvykle vyznačuje tvarem respektujícím morfologii nohy, nízkou hmotností, absencí podpůrných konstrukčních prvků a tenkou, plochou a všemi směry ohebnou podešví. O konceptu minimalistické obuvi se často tvrdí, že umožňuje přirozenější způsob chůze a má pozitivní vliv nejenom na tvar a funkci nohy, nýbrž na celý pohybový aparát člověka. Tento článek si klade za cíl shrnout dosavadní poznatky o vlivu minimalistické obuvi na biomechaniku chůze dospělého člověka, a tím pomoci osvětlit, zdali lze výše uvedená tvrzení podpořit vědeckými důkazy.
The concept of minimalist footwear is a way of wearing shoes that aims to bring walking in shoes closer to barefoot conditions. Minimalist footwear is usually low-weight footwear shaped to respect the morphology of the foot, with the absence of supporting structural elements, and a thin, flat, and flexible sole. It is supposed to allow a more natural way of walking and positively affect the shape and function of the foot and the whole human body. Several studies deal with its effect on the human musculoskeletal system, but many areas still require further research. This paper aims to summarize the current knowledge on the influence of minimalist footwear on gait the biomechanics of adults.
- Klíčová slova
- Barefoot,
- MeSH
- biomechanika fyziologie MeSH
- chůze (způsob) * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obuv * MeSH
- terminologie jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Background and Objectives: The consequences of stroke have a significant impact on self-sufficiency and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation has the potential to impact these modalities, but information on timing, volume, and intensity is not yet available. The aim of this randomized controlled trial (1:1) was to evaluate the impact of conventional rehabilitation combined with VR on self-care and domains of HRQoL in patients ≤6 months post-stroke. Materials and Methods: The intervention group completed a total of 270 min of conventional VR + rehabilitation sessions. The control group underwent conventional rehabilitation only. Primary assessments with the WHO disability assessment schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2) questionnaire were conducted before rehabilitation (T0), after completion of the intervention (T1), and at the 4-week follow-up (T2); secondary outcomes included self-sufficiency and balance assessments. Results: Fifty patients completed the study (mean age 61.2 ± 9.0 years, time since stroke 114.3 ± 39.4 days). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in WHODAS 2, self-sufficiency, and balance scores (p > 0.05). Conclusions: In the experimental group, there was a statistically significant difference in WHODAS 2, assessment of self-sufficiency, and balance scores before and after therapy (p < 0.05). VR appears to be a suitable tool to supplement and modify rehabilitation in patients after stroke.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda * komplikace terapie MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pacienti MeSH
- péče o sebe MeSH
- potravní doplňky MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- terapie pomocí virtuální reality * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Independent walking is an important milestone in a child's development. The maturation of central nervous system, changes in body proportions, spatiotemporal parameters of gait and their variability change are dependent on age. The first aim of this study was to compare non-normalized and normalized spatiotemporal parameters and their variability in children. The second aim was to determine which spatiotemporal parameters are most affected by aging. Data from 64 typically developing children (age: 2.0-6.9 years), who walked at a self-selected speed along a 10m walkway, were collected with a motion capture system. Spatiotemporal parameters were normalized based on leg length. The main effect of the non-normalized walking speed revealed a moderate effect size (ES = 0.72) comparing 2- and 3-years-old, a large effect size comparing 2- and 6-years-old (ES = 1.77), and a large ES comparing 3- and 6-years-old (ES = 1.22). The normalized stride width parameter showed a statistically significant difference with large effect size between 2 vs 3 (ES = 1.00), 2 vs 6 (ES = 3.17), and 3 vs 6 (ES = 1.96). A statistically significant decrease in intra-individual gait variability with increasing age was observed in all parameters except for stride width. The variability of stride width may serve as a parameter in 2-year-olds to assess deviations from typically developing children. The assessment of effect size could be a useful indicator for clinical practice.
- MeSH
- chůze (způsob) * fyziologie MeSH
- chůze * fyziologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- rychlost chůze fyziologie MeSH
- snímání pohybu MeSH
- stárnutí fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The present study examined the influence of the individual and sequential combination of the key components of OPTIMAL (Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning) theory (i.e., enhanced expectancies, autonomy support, and external focus), on the performance of a laser-pistol shooting task. In addition to shooting accuracy, intra-trial variability in the sway of forearm/pistol motion prior to movement execution (pulling the trigger) was the primary variable of interest. In a between-within-subject design, thirty-six participants (Mage = 21.27 ± 1.75 years) were randomized into either a control or an optimized group. Enhanced expectancies, autonomy support, and an external focus were implemented via sequential blocks of trials for participants in the optimized group. Participants in the control group performed all trials under "neutral" conditions. Our results showed that motor performance was enhanced for participants in the optimized group compared to those in the control group. Moreover, greater reductions in forearm sway leading up to the trigger pull were observed for the optimized group compared to the control group. These findings suggest higher movement effectiveness and efficiency, potentially through better attunement to task and environmental constraints, when implementing optimized instructions in a self-initiated fine motor task.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda komplikace MeSH
- chůze (způsob) MeSH
- elektrická stimulace * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurologické poruchy chůze * rehabilitace terapie MeSH
- neuropatie nervus peroneus etiologie rehabilitace terapie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rehabilitace * metody MeSH
- světelná stimulace MeSH
- terapie barvami MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Equinus contracture is a serious disability and attention should be paid to proper and effective treatment. Most attention is given to neurologically impaired patients, but the incidence of equinus contracture is much higher, for example, in post-traumatic patients. In addition to conventional physical therapy, robotic rehabilitation treatment is one of the promising procedures to precede severe contraction cases and the need for surgery. AREAS COVERED: This study aims to cover the description of different types of stationary and wearable ankle rehabilitation devices suitable for the treatment of equinus contracture and point to deficiency in research, clinical trials, and launch of the market. EXPERT OPINION: This review provides insight into ankle rehabilitation devices with a focus on equinus contracture. Due to the fact that robotic devices successfully restore the condition of patients, attention should not be paid only to those with neurological impairments. This paper points that future research should be effectively linked to clinical practice with the aim of covering a wider range of disabilities and make an effort to successfully introduce devices from development into the practice.
