• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This study aimed to evaluate the ability of selected microRNAs as biomarkers of atrial fibrillation (AF) in ischemic stroke patients in comparison with other established biochemical biomarkers. A prospective case-control study of consecutive ischemic stroke patients with AF admitted to a comprehensive stroke center was conducted. The control group consisted of patients with ischemic stroke with no AF detected on prolonged (at least 3 weeks) Holter ECG monitoring. As potential biomarkers of AF, we analyzed the plasma levels of microRNAs (miR-21, miR-29b, miR-133b, miR-142-5p, miR-150, miR-499, and miR-223-3p) and 13 biochemical biomarkers at admission. The predictive accuracy of biomarkers was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The data of 117 patients were analyzed (61 with AF, 56 with no AF, 46% men, median age 73 years, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 6). Biochemical biomarkers (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP], high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, eGFR, and total triglycerides) were significantly associated with AF. NT-proBNP had the best diagnostic performance for AF with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.92 (95%, CI 0.86-0.98); a cutoff value of >528 ng/L had a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 97%. None of the other biomarkers, including microRNAs, was associated with AF. Conventional biochemical biomarkers (NT-proBNP, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, eGFR, and triglycerides), but not microRNAs (miR-21, miR-29b, miR-133b, miR-142-5p, miR-150, miR-499, and miR-223-3p) were significantly associated with AF in our ischemic stroke cohort.

• MeSH
• biologické markery * krev   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein analýza   MeSH
• fibrilace síní * krev   diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• ischemická cévní mozková příhoda * krev   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA * krev   MeSH
• natriuretický peptid typu B krev   MeSH
• peptidové fragmenty krev   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• ROC křivka MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: Dabigatran directly inhibits thrombin and is used in primary and secondary stroke prevention in individuals with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. The prodrug dabigatran etexilate is absorbed by enteral P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) and then activated by hepatic and intestinal carboxylesterases (CES1) to produce active metabolites. Variations in dabigatran metabolism because of genetics may affect concentration levels and clinical outcomes. STUDY QUESTION: We conducted a study to assess how polymorphisms in the CES1 (rs2244613) and ABCB1 (rs4148738) genes affect the through plasma level (c min ) of dabigatran and its correlation to clinical outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective multicentric study of consecutive patients on dabigatran therapy. Examination of CES1 rs2244613 and ABCB1 rs4148738 polymorphisms, c min 12 hours after administration, clinical follow-up (ischemic stroke, major or clinically relevant hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, other thromboembolism, and death). MEASURES AND OUTCOMES: A total of 432 patients received treatment for an average of 19.78 months (SD of 20.165). The sex distribution of the patients was 56.5% male, and the average age was 67.56 years (SD of 14.7). The ABCB1 variant genotype was present in 67.8% of patients, whereas 37.5% carried the CES1 polymorphism. RESULTS: Compared with wild-type patients, patients with the CES1 variant had significantly lower dabigatran plasma levels (with a mean difference of 16.986; 95% confidence interval, 5.794-28.178 ng/mL, P = 0.003). We also found a significant risk of major bleeding in patients carrying the ABCB1 rs4148738 allele (hazard ratio = 1.99, confidence interval 95% 1.10 to 3.59, P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: The CES1 variant genotype rs2244613 is closely linked with reduced c min of dabigatran. Carriers of the ABCB1 rs4148738 polymorphism exhibit a tendency toward higher plasma levels of dabigatran, which leads to a significantly increased risk of bleeding.

• MeSH
• antitrombiny * škodlivé účinky   krev   farmakokinetika   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dabigatran * škodlivé účinky   farmakokinetika   krev   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• fibrilace síní farmakoterapie   genetika   komplikace   krev   MeSH
• ischemická cévní mozková příhoda * prevence a kontrola   genetika   krev   MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
• karboxylesterhydrolasy * genetika   krev   MeSH
• krvácení * chemicky indukované   krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• P-glykoproteiny * genetika   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

List of changes: On the basis of author's request the publisher of Physiological Research decided to change the license of the article to CC BY license.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: COVID-19-related inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulopathy may increase the bleeding risk and lower the efficacy of revascularization treatments in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We aimed to evaluate the safety and outcomes of revascularization treatments in patients with AIS and COVID-19. METHODS: This was a retrospective multicenter cohort study of consecutive patients with AIS receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and/or endovascular treatment (EVT) between March 2020 and June 2021 tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. With a doubly robust model combining propensity score weighting and multivariate regression, we studied the association of COVID-19 with intracranial bleeding complications and clinical outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed according to treatment groups (IVT-only and EVT). RESULTS: Of a total of 15,128 included patients from 105 centers, 853 (5.6%) were diagnosed with COVID-19; of those, 5,848 (38.7%) patients received IVT-only and 9,280 (61.3%) EVT (with or without IVT). Patients with COVID-19 had a higher rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) (adjusted OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.16-2.01), symptomatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SSAH) (OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.20-2.69), SICH and/or SSAH combined (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.23-1.99), 24-hour mortality (OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.58-3.86), and 3-month mortality (OR 1.88; 95% CI 1.52-2.33). Patients with COVID-19 also had an unfavorable shift in the distribution of the modified Rankin score at 3 months (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.26-1.60). DISCUSSION: Patients with AIS and COVID-19 showed higher rates of intracranial bleeding complications and worse clinical outcomes after revascularization treatments than contemporaneous non-COVID-19 patients receiving treatment. Current available data do not allow direct conclusions to be drawn on the effectiveness of revascularization treatments in patients with COVID-19 or to establish different treatment recommendations in this subgroup of patients with ischemic stroke. Our findings can be taken into consideration for treatment decisions, patient monitoring, and establishing prognosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION: The study was registered under ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04895462.

• MeSH
• cerebrální krvácení komplikace   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda * epidemiologie   terapie   diagnóza   MeSH
• COVID-19 * komplikace   MeSH
• endovaskulární výkony * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• fibrinolytika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• intrakraniální krvácení etiologie   MeSH
• ischemická cévní mozková příhoda * epidemiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• ischemie mozku * komplikace   epidemiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• trombolytická terapie škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Despite the rising global burden of stroke and its socio-economic implications, the neuroimaging predictors of subsequent cognitive impairment are still poorly understood. We address this issue by studying the relationship of white matter integrity assessed within ten days after stroke and patients' cognitive status one year after the attack. Using diffusion-weighted imaging, we apply the Tract-Based Spatial Statistics analysis and construct individual structural connectivity matrices by employing deterministic tractography. We further quantify the graph-theoretical properties of individual networks. The Tract-Based Spatial Statistic did identify lower fractional anisotropy as a predictor of cognitive status, although this effect was mostly attributable to the age-related white matter integrity decline. We further observed the effect of age propagating into other levels of analysis. Specifically, in the structural connectivity approach we identified pairs of regions significantly correlated with clinical scales, namely memory, attention, and visuospatial functions. However, none of them persisted after the age correction. Finally, the graph-theoretical measures appeared to be more robust towards the effect of age, but still were not sensitive enough to capture a relationship with clinical scales. In conclusion, the effect of age is a dominant confounder especially in older cohorts, and unless appropriately addressed, may falsely drive the results of the predictive modelling.

• MeSH
• bílá hmota * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda * komplikace   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stárnutí MeSH
• zobrazování difuzních tenzorů metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Přímé antikoagulans dabigatran je vzhledem ke své prokázané bezpečnosti a účinnosti častou první volbou v sekundární prevenci kardioembolické CMP při fibrilaci síní. Vzhledem k používání pouze dvou fixních dávek (110 a 150 mg) dvakrát denně existuje v léčené populaci rozptyl plazmatických hladin v terapeutickém rozmezí. Právě tato interindividuální variabilita hladin může být zapříčiněna polymorfizmy genů účastnících se transportu a metabolizmu léčiva. Přestože je v současné době farmakogenetické vyšetření některých genových polymorfizmů při výběru léčiv implementováno do rutinní klinické praxe, využití genetického profilu pacientů léčených dabigatranem za účelem zvýšení bezpečnosti antikoagulační terapie zatím není součástí doporučených postupů. Vyhledali jsme dosud publikované studie zkoumající polymorfizmy genů CES1 a ABCB1, které se podílí na absorpci a metabolizmu dabigatranu. Pro současnou klinickou praxi je nejperspektivnější polymorfizmus rs2244613 v genu CES1, který je asociován s poklesem koncentrace dabigatranu a snížením rizika krvácení, bez současného zvýšení rizika recidivy ischemie. Nosiči varianty rs2244613 mohou výrazněji profitovat z léčby dabigatranem. Farmakogenetika dabigatranu může být klinicky přínosnou pro bezpečnější a efektivnější sekundární prevenci kardioembolické CMP, ale vyžaduje další klinické studie.

Due to its proven safety and efficacy, the direct anticoagulant dabigatran is often the first choice in the secondary prevention of cardioembolic stroke in atrial fibrillation. The recommended dosage of 110 and 150 mg twice daily creates a variation in plasma levels within the therapeutic range in the treatment population. The inter-individual variability of these levels may be caused by polymorphisms of genes involved in drug transport and metabolism. Although the pharmacogenetic examination of some gene polymorphisms in the selection of drugs is currently implemented in routine clinical practice, the use of the genetic profile of patients treated with dabigatran in order to increase the safety of anticoagulant therapy is not yet part of the recommended procedures. We searched for published studies investigating polymorphisms of the CES1 and ABCB1 genes, which are involved in the absorption and metabolism of dabigatran. The most promising for clinical relevance is the rs2244613 polymorphism in the CES1 gene, which is associated with a decrease in dabigatran concentration and a lower risk of bleeding without a simultaneous increased risk of recurrence of ischemia. Carriers of the rs2244613 variant may significantly benefit from dabigatran treatment. The pharmacogenetics of dabigatran may be clinically beneficial for safer and more effective secondary prevention of cardioembolic stroke, but further clinical studies are required.

• MeSH
• dabigatran * farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• embolie a trombóza prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• farmakogenetika MeSH
• ischemická cévní mozková příhoda prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a key feature of various brain disorders. To assess its integrity a parametrization of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (DCE MRI) with a contrast agent (CA) is broadly used. Parametrization can be done quantitatively or semi-quantitatively. Quantitative methods directly describe BBB permeability but exhibit several drawbacks such as high computation demands, reproducibility issues, or low robustness. Semi-quantitative methods are fast to compute, simply mathematically described, and robust, however, they do not describe the status of BBB directly but only as a variation of CA concentration in measured tissue. Our goal was to elucidate differences between five semi-quantitative parameters: maximal intensity (Imax), normalized permeability index (NPI), and difference in DCE values between three timepoints: baseline, 5 min, and 15 min (delta5-0, delta15-0, delta15-5) and two quantitative parameters: transfer constant (Ktrans) and an extravascular fraction (Ve). For the purpose of comparison, we analyzed DCE data of four patients 12-15 days after the stroke with visible CA enhancement. Calculated parameters showed abnormalities spatially corresponding with the ischemic lesion, however, findings in individual parameters morphometrically differed. Ktrans and Ve were highly correlated. Delta5-0 and delta15-0 were prominent in regions with rapid CA enhancement and highly correlated with Ktrans. Abnormalities in delta15-5 and NPI were more homogenous with less variable values, smoother borders, and less detail than Ktrans. Moreover, only delta15-5 and NPI were able to distinguish vessels from extravascular space. Our comparison provides important knowledge for understanding and interpreting parameters derived from DCE MRI by both quantitative and semi-quantitative methods.

• MeSH
• hematoencefalická bariéra * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• kontrastní látky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• nemoci mozku * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by disease-associated variants in the alpha-galactosidase A gene (GLA). FD is a known cause of stroke in younger patients. There are limited data on prevalence of FD and stroke risk in unselected stroke patients. METHODS: A prospective nationwide study including 35 (78%) of all 45 stroke centers and all consecutive stroke patients admitted during three months. Clinical data were collected in the RES-Q database. FD was diagnosed using dried blood spots in a stepwise manner: in males-enzymatic activity, globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3) quantification, if positive followed by GLA gene sequencing; and in females GLA sequencing followed by lyso-Gb3. RESULTS: 986 consecutive patients (54% men, mean age 70 years) were included. Observed stroke type was ischemic 79%, transient ischemic attack (TIA) 14%, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) 7%, subarachnoid hemorrhage 1% and cerebral venous thrombosis 0.1%. Two (0.2%, 95% CI 0.02-0.7) patients had a pathogenic variant associated with the classical FD phenotype (c.1235_1236delCT and p.G325S). Another fourteen (1.4%, 95% CI 0.08-2.4) patients had a variant of GLA gene considered benign (9 with p.D313Y, one p.A143T, one p.R118C, one p.V199A, one p.R30K and one p.R38G). The index stroke in two carriers of disease-associated variant was ischemic lacunar. In 14 carriers of GLA gene variants 11 strokes were ischemic, two TIA, and one ICH. Patients with positive as compared to negative GLA gene screening were younger (mean 60±SD, min, max, vs 70±SD, min, max, P = 0.02), otherwise there were no differences in other baseline variables. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of FD in unselected adult patients with acute stroke is 0.2%. Both patients who had a pathogenic GLA gene variant were younger than 50 years. Our results support FD screening in patients that had a stroke event before 50 years of age.

• MeSH
• alfa-galaktosidasa krev   genetika   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda krev   komplikace   epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• exprese genu MeSH
• Fabryho nemoc krev   komplikace   epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• genetické testování MeSH
• glykolipidy krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sfingolipidy krev   MeSH
• test suché kapky krve MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Cíl: Popsat výskyt neprovokovaných epileptických záchvatů u pacientů po ischemické CMP (iCMP) a porovnat jejich asociaci s rizikovými faktory skóre SeLECT (tíže iCMP, onemocnění velkých tepen, výskyt akutních symptomatických epileptických záchvatů v souvislosti s iniciální iCMP, kortikální lokalizace léze, postižení povodí střední mozkové tepny). Soubor a metodika: Retrospektivní analýza konsekutivních pacientů se supratentoriální iCMP s negativní anamnézou epilepsie přijatých během roku 2015 do dvou komplexních cerebrovaskulárních center v ČR a Rakousku. Informace o výskytu záchvatů během sledovaného období byly získány z dostupné lékařské dokumentace, prostřednictvím strukturovaného telefonního dotazníku a osobních návštěv pacientů. Výsledky: Zařazeno bylo 315 pacientů (59 % muži, medián věku 69 let, medián vstupního National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 4, intravenózní trombolýza 29,2 %, mechanická trombektomie 6,3 %). Neprovokované epileptické záchvaty byly při mediánu sledování 3,3 roku zaznamenány u 24 (7,6 %) pacientů. Pacienti s neprovokovanými záchvaty měli oproti ostatním signifikantně častěji kortikální lokalizaci ischemické léze (70,8 vs. 38,5 %; p = 0,002), ve výskytu ostatních rizikových parametrů skóre SeLECT se tyto dvě skupiny nelišily. Závěr: Kumulativní incidence neprovokovaných epileptických záchvatů byla 7,6 % při mediánu sledování 3,3 roku od iCMP. Jediným parametrem skóre SeLECT, kterým se pacienti s neprovokovanými záchvaty od zbytku kohorty odlišovali, byla kortikální lokalizace ischemické léze.

Aim: The aim of our study was to determine the occurrence of unprovoked epileptic seizures in ischaemic stroke (IS) patients and compare their association with SeLECT score risk factors (IS severity, large-artery atherosclerosis, acute symptomatic epileptic seizures in association with the initial IS, cortical localization of the lesion, the involvement of the middle cerebral artery territory). Patients and methods: Retrospective analysis of consecutive supratentorial IS survivors with a negative history of epilepsy, admitted to two major comprehensive stroke centers in the Czech Republic and Austria in one year period (2015). The follow-up information was collected from available medical documentation, using a structured telephone questionnaire and patients visits. Results: 315 patients were included (59% men, median age 69 years, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 4, intravenous thrombolysis 29.2%, mechanical thrombectomy 6.3%). Unprovoked epileptic seizures occurred in 24 patients (7.6%), the median follow-up period was 3.3 years. The seizure and seizure-free groups differed significantly in cortical involvement of the ischaemic lesion (70.8 vs. 38.5%; P = 0.002), a significant difference in the rest of SeLECT score risk factors was not found. Conclusions: Unprovoked epileptic seizures occurred in 7.6% of IS survivors during the median follow-up period of 3.3 years. Cortical involvement of the ischaemic lesion was the only SeLECT score parameter with a significant difference between seizure and seizure-free groups.

• Klíčová slova
• neprovokovaný záchvat, vaskulární epilepsie,
• MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda komplikace   MeSH
• epilepsie * etiologie   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH