Spontánní intracerebrální hemoragie (SICH) jsou spojeny s řadou rizikových faktorů, které můžeme rozdělit na faktory ovlivnitelné a neovlivnitelné. Jejich nejvýznamnějším rizikovým faktorem je arteriální hypertenze. Péče o pacienty se SICH musí být komplexní a multidisciplinární. V akutní fázi se stává imperativem snaha o co nejrychlejší korekci arteriální hypertenze a zvrácení účinku antikoagulační terapie. Do budoucna lze recentně očekávat dosažení lepšího výsledného klinického stavu u vybraných pacientů se supratentoriální (především lobární) SICH operovaných do 24 h s využitím minimálně invazivní parafascikulární chirurgie.

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages (SICH) are associated with a number of risk factors, which can be divided into controllable and uncontrollable factors. Their most important risk factor is arterial hypertension. The care for patients with SICH must be complex and multidisciplinary. In the acute phase, it becomes imperative to try to correct arterial hypertension and reverse the effect of anticoagulant therapy as quickly as possible. In the future, a better clinical outcome can recently be expected in selected patients with supratentorial (mainly lobar) SICH operated on within 24 h using minimally invasive parafascicular surgery.

• Klíčová slova
• spontánní intracerebrální hemoragie,
• MeSH
• antikoagulancia škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda diagnóza   etiologie   farmakoterapie   klasifikace   MeSH
• hypertenze diagnóza   klasifikace   komplikace   MeSH
• intrakraniální krvácení * diagnóza   farmakoterapie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• management nemoci MeSH
• miniinvazivní chirurgické výkony klasifikace   metody   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Various analgesics are used to control intense headaches in patients following subarachnoid hemorrhage. In addition to pain control, it has been shown that some analgesics can affect various pathophysiological cascades. Therefore, we devised a study to assess whether the use of metamizole has a significant impact on the development of ischemic complications, hydrocephalus, and the overall outcome in patients following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the context of the other non-opioids and opioids effects. METHODS: In our retrospective, single-center cohort study, we enrolled 192 patients diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage. We recorded their initial clinical status, comorbidities, and the daily dosage of analgesics over 14 days of hospitalization after the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Using univariate and subsequent multivariate logistic regression analysis, we assessed the influence of various factors, including analgesics, on the development of delayed cerebral ischemia and hydrocephalus, as well as on 2-week and 6-month outcomes. RESULTS: Although the administration of non-opioids, in general, had no effect on the development of delayed cerebral ischemia or hydrocephalus, the use of metamizole as the main analgesic was associated with a significantly lower chance of poor outcome at both 2-weeks and 6-months, as well as the development of delayed cerebral ischemia. As opioids were indicated primarily for analgosedation in mechanically ventilated patients with poor clinical status, their usage was associated with a significantly higher chance of poor outcome, delayed cerebral ischemia, and hydrocephalus. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the prescription of metamizole may be associated with better outcomes and a lower chance of delayed cerebral ischemia development in patients after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Considering the retrospective nature of our study and the limited worldwide availability of metamizole due to its prohibition in some countries, our results do not demonstrate a clear benefit but rather justify the need for subsequent prospective studies.

• MeSH
• analgetika terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• antiflogistika nesteroidní * terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hydrocefalus etiologie   MeSH
• ischemie mozku farmakoterapie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metamizol * terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• subarachnoidální krvácení * farmakoterapie   komplikace   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• dabigatran aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• heparin nízkomolekulární aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• intrakraniální krvácení * etiologie   MeSH
• intrakraniální trombóza * diagnostické zobrazování   farmakoterapie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• sinus durae matris diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the association of reperfusion quality and different patterns of achieved reperfusion with clinical and radiological outcomes in the ESCAPE NA1 trial. METHODS: Data are from the ESCAPE-NA1 trial. Good clinical outcome [90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-2], excellent outcome (90-day mRS0-1), isolated subarachnoid hemorrhage, symptomatic hemorrhage (sICH) on follow-up imaging, and death were compared across different levels of reperfusion defined by expanded Treatment in Cerebral Infarction (eTICI) Scale. Comparisons were also made between patients with (a) first-pass eTICI 2c3 reperfusion vs multiple-pass eTICI 2c3; (b) final eTICI 2b reperfusion vs eTICI 2b converted-to-eTICI 2c3; (c) sudden reperfusion vs gradual reperfusion if >1 pass was required. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test associations of reperfusion grade and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Of 1037 included patients, final eTICI 0-1 was achieved in 46 (4.4%), eTICI 2a in 76 (7.3%), eTICI 2b in 424 (40.9%), eTICI 2c in 284 (27.4%), and eTICI 3 in 207 (20%) patients. The odds for good and excellent clinical outcome gradually increased with improved reperfusion grades (adjOR ranging from 5.7-29.3 and 4.3-17.6) and decreased for sICH and death. No differences in outcomes between first-pass versus multiple-pass eTICI 2c3, eTICI 2b converted-to-eTICI 2c3 versus unchanged eTICI 2b and between sudden versus gradual eTICI 2c3 reperfusion were observed. CONCLUSION: Better reperfusion degrees significantly improved clinical outcomes and reduced mortality, independent of the number of passes and whether eTICI 2c3 was achieved suddenly or gradually.

• MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reperfuze * metody   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• subarachnoidální krvácení terapie   diagnostické zobrazování   mortalita   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intraarterial thrombolysis as an adjunct to mechanical thrombectomy is increasingly being considered to enhance reperfusion in acute ischemic stroke patients. Intraarterial thrombolysis may increase the risk of post-thrombectomy intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in certain patient subgroups. METHODS: We analyzed acute ischemic stroke patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy in a multicenter registry. The occurrence of any (asymptomatic and symptomatic) post-thrombectomy ICH was ascertained using standard definition requiring serial neurological examinations and computed tomographic scans acquired within 48 hours of the thrombectomy. We determined the risk of ICH in subgroups defined by clinical characteristics and the use of intravenous (IV) thrombolysis. RESULTS: A total of 146 (7.5%) patients received intraarterial thrombolysis among 1953 acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy. The proportion of patients who developed any ICH was 26 (17.8%) and 510 (28.2%) among patients who were and were not treated with intraarterial thrombolysis, respectively (p = .006). The proportion of patients who developed symptomatic ICH was 4 (2.7%) and 30 (1.7%) among patients who were and were not treated with intraarterial thrombolysis, respectively (p = .34). Among patients who received IV thrombolysis (n = 1042), the proportion of patients who developed any ICH was 9 (16.7%) and 294 (30.7%) among patients who were and were not treated with intraarterial thrombolysis, respectively (p = .028). The risk was not different in strata defined by age, gender, location of occlusion, preprocedure National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, time interval between symptom onset and thrombectomy, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, systolic blood pressure, and serum glucose concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy, the risk of any ICH and symptomatic ICH was not increased with intraarterial thrombolysis, including in those who had already received IV thrombolytics.

• MeSH
• cerebrální krvácení * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• fibrinolytika * aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• ischemická cévní mozková příhoda * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• trombektomie * metody   MeSH
• trombolytická terapie * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a serious medical condition with high mortality. However, factors leading to long-term mortality after ICH are largely unclear. The aim of this community-based study is to assess predictors of long-term mortality after spontaneous ICH. METHODS: We identified all patients admitted with spontaneous ICH to hospitals with a certified stroke unit in Brno, the second largest city in the Czech Republic (CR), in 2011, the year of the Czech Population and Housing Census. We reviewed their medical records for risk factors, radiographic parameters, and measures of post-stroke neurological deficit [National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)]. Using the dates of death from the Czech National Mortality Register, we calculated mortality at 30 days, six months, one year, and three years after the ICH. Multivariate analysis with forward stepwise logistic regression was performed to determine independent predictors of mortality (p < 0.05). RESULTS: In 2011, 1086 patients with stroke were admitted to the four stroke-certified hospitals in Brno, CR. Of these, 134 had spontaneous ICH, with complete data available in 93 of them entering the final analysis. The mortality at 30 days, 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years post-ICH was 34%, 47%, 51%, and 63%, respectively. The mortality was highest in the first few days post-event, with 50% of patients dying in 255 days and average survival being 884 ± 90 days. Both NIHSS and modified ICH (MICH) score showed to be strong and reliable predictors of short- as well as long-term mortality; the risk of death post-ICH increased with older age and size of ICH. Other risk factors contributing to higher, primarily shorter-term mortality included history of cardiac failure, myocardial infarction, or atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS: In our community-based study, we found that severity of neurological deficit at admission (NIHSS), combined with age and size of ICH, well predicted short- as well as long-term mortality after spontaneous ICH. A history of cardiac failure, myocardial infarction, or atrial fibrillation at presentation were also predictors of mortality, underscoring the need for optimal cardiac management in patients with ICH.

• MeSH
• cerebrální krvácení * mortalita   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• hematom etiologie   klasifikace   komplikace   vrozené   MeSH
• kraniocerebrální traumata * diagnostické zobrazování   klasifikace   patologie   vrozené   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• porodní poranění novorozence * diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   klasifikace   patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• subdurální hematom epidemiologie   etiologie   patologie   vrozené   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• břicho abnormality   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• intraventrikulární krvácení do mozku diagnostické zobrazování   klasifikace   patologie   vrozené   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci novorozenců * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ultrasonografie * klasifikace   metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The ANNEXA-4 trial measured hemostatic efficacy of andexanet alfa in patients with major bleeding taking factor Xa inhibitors. A proportion of this was traumatic and nontraumatic intracranial bleeding. Different measurements were applied in the trial including volumetrics to assess for intracranial bleeding depending on the compartment involved. We aimed to determine the most reliable way to measure intracranial hemorrhage (ICrH) volume by comparing individual brain compartment and total ICrH volume. METHODS: Thirty patients were randomly selected from the ANNEXA-4 database to assess measurement of ICrH volume by compartment and in total. Total and compartmental hemorrhage volumes were measured by five readers using Quantomo software. Each reader measured baseline hemorrhage volumes twice separated by 1 week. Twenty-eight different ANNEXA-4 subjects were also randomly selected to assess intra-rater reliability of total ICrH volume measurement change at baseline and 12-h follow up, performed by three readers twice to assess hemostatic efficacy categories used in ANNEXA-4. RESULTS: Compartmental minimal detectable change percentages (MDC%) ranged between 9.72 and 224.13, with the greatest measurement error occurring in patients with a subdural hemorrhage. Total ICrH volume measurements had the lowest MDC%, which ranged between 6.57 and 33.52 depending on the reader. CONCLUSION: Measurement of total ICrH volumes is more accurate than volume by compartment with less measurement error. Determination of hemostatic efficacy was consistent across readers, and within the same reader, as well as when compared to consensus read. Volumetric analysis of intracranial hemostatic efficacy is feasible and reliable when using total ICrH volumes.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• faktor Xa * MeSH
• inhibitory faktoru Xa aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• intrakraniální krvácení * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• rekombinantní proteiny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: Endovascular treatment (EVT) of tandem lesion (TL) in the anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (IS) usually requires periprocedural antithrombotic treatment and early initiation of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after carotid stenting. However, it may contribute to an occurrence of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) in some cases. We investigated factors influencing the SICH occurrence and assessed the possible predictors of SICH after EVT. METHODS: IS patients with TL in the anterior circulation treated with EVT were enrolled in the multicenter retrospective ASCENT study. A good three-month clinical outcome was scored as 0-2 points in modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and recanalization using the TICI scale. SICH was assessed using the SITS-MOST criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used for the assessment of possible predictors of SICH with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: In total, 300 (68.7 % males, mean age 67.3 ± 10.2 years) patients with median of admission NIHSS 17 were analyzed. Recanalization (TICI 2b-3) was achieved in 290 (96.7 %) patients and 176 (58.7 %) had mRS 0-2. SICH occurred in 25 (8.3 %) patients. Patients with SICH did not differ from those without SICH in the rate of periprocedural antithrombotic treatment (64 vs. 57.5 %, p = 0.526) and in the rate of DAPT started within the first 12 h after EVT (20 vs. 42.2 %, p = 0.087). After adjustment, admission NIHSS and admission glycemia were found as the only predictors of SICH after EVT. CONCLUSION: Admission NIHSS and glycemia were found as the only predictors of SICH after EVT for TL. No associations between periprocedural antithrombotic treatment, early start of DAPT after EVT and SICH occurrence were found.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cerebrální krvácení * diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• duální protidestičková léčba škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• endovaskulární výkony * škodlivé účinky   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• fibrinolytika * aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• inhibitory agregace trombocytů * škodlivé účinky   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• ischemická cévní mozková příhoda * etiologie   terapie   diagnóza   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• posuzování pracovní neschopnosti * MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stenty MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Japonsko MeSH