AIM: The metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics. METHOD: Forty-nine patients with newly diagnosed pre/diabetes (DM), 66 metabolically healthy overweight/obese (OB), and 32 healthy lean (LH) volunteers were compared in a cross-sectional case-control study integrating clinical variables, dietary intake, gut microbiome, and fecal/serum metabolomes (16 S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling). Subsequently, 27 DM were recruited for a predictive study: 3 months of dietary inulin (10 g/day) intervention. RESULTS: MIME composition was different between groups. While the DM and LH groups represented opposite poles of the abundance spectrum, OB was closer to DM. Inulin supplementation was associated with an overall improvement in glycemic indices, though the response was very variable, with a shift in microbiome composition toward a more favorable profile and increased serum butyric and propionic acid concentrations. The improved glycemic outcomes of inulin treatment were dependent on better baseline glycemic status and variables related to the gut microbiota, including the abundance of certain bacterial taxa (i.e., Blautia, Eubacterium halii group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium, Dialister, or Phascolarctobacterium), serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acid derivatives and asparagine, and fecal concentrations of indole and several other volatile organic compounds. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that obesity is a stronger determinant of different MIME patterns than impaired glucose metabolism. The large inter-individual variability in the metabolic effects of dietary inulin was explained by differences in baseline glycemic status and MIME signatures. These could be further validated to personalize nutritional interventions in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * MeSH
- inulin * metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- multiomika MeSH
- nadváha metabolismus MeSH
- obezita metabolismus MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Long-term survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma during childhood or adolescence (HL survivors) are at high risk of developing treatment-related late cardiovascular sequelae. In our study we evaluated the presence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipoproteinemia, hyperinsulinemia, obesity), endothelial and inflammatory markers (E-selectin, PAI-1, hs-CRP) and atherosclerotic changes in the common carotid arteries. Assessment was performed in 80 young adult Hodgkin lymphoma long-term survivors at more than 10 years after the potentially cardiovascular toxic anticancer treatment (median age at evaluation 34.7 years; range 24.1-40.9 years). The HL survivors were compared with 83 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. The HL survivors showed unfavorable lipid profiles compared to those of healthy controls: triglycerides (p=0.01), total cholesterol (p=0.0004), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.005). In HL survivors, we found a higher prevalence of hypertension (p=0.004) and insulin resistance - HOMA-IR (p=0.0002). Ultrasonographic examination of both common carotid arteries revealed a higher prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques (p=0.0009) and higher carotid intima-media thickness (p<0.0001) in HL survivors. Markers of oxidative stress (advanced oxidation protein products, oxidized low-density lipoprotein), inflammation (hs-CRP) and endothelial dysfunction (E-selectin, PAI-1) were also higher in HL survivors (p<0.0001, p=0.0002, p=0.0031, p=0.0087, p=0.004, respectively). Adult survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma during childhood and adolescence need closer follow-up with screening of metabolic syndrome components, unfavorable lifestyle factors and early management of these risk factors.
- MeSH
- ateroskleróza * etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- Hodgkinova nemoc * komplikace MeSH
- hyperlipoproteinemie * etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- intimomediální šíře tepenné stěny MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- přežívající MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
AIM: In this study, we tested the impact of short-term intake of increased amounts of C18:1 trans fatty acids (TFAs) on parameters of cellular and humoral immunity in healthy young men.
- MeSH
- buněčná imunita účinky léků MeSH
- fagocytóza účinky léků MeSH
- klinické křížové studie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfocyty metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- neutrofily metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- respirační vzplanutí účinky léků MeSH
- trans nenasycené mastné kyseliny aplikace a dávkování imunologie krev MeSH
- tvorba protilátek účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakty MeSH
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- infarkt myokardu diagnóza patologie MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- apolipoproteiny E analýza genetika MeSH
- detekce genetických nosičů MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci diagnóza genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
