INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Nomophobia (NMP) is a present-age phobia of loss of use of information and communication technologies (ICT), particularly smartphones. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study adopted a two-phase, exploratory consequential mixed methods design. The first phase was a quantitative exploration of the degree of NMP. The second mapped the potential area of risks in using modern ICT. Three working hypotheses were established to compare the opinions of secondary school students, their behaviour and degree of NMP. A 20-item anonymous questionnaire was administered to 373 boys and girls aged 14-15 in 11 randomly-selected secondary schools in the Czech Republic. RESULTS: The results prove that 0.5% of the subjects did not exhibit symptoms of NMP, a very mild form of NMP was detected in 71% of respondents, a mild form of NMP was detected in 18.7% of the respondents, a moderate form of NMP was detected in 7.8% of respondents, and a severe form of NMP was detected in 2% of respondents. Almost three-quarters of the students were not directly at risk of dependence on a mobile phone, but a 10th of the sample exhibited a set of symptoms of behavioural addiction. On average, respondents used 4 applications, communication programmes, social networks, and music players. Girls reported a higher dependence on mobile phones in comparison to boys. CONCLUSIONS: Further investigations should directly ascertain which integrands predict NMP, identifying risk groups, and developing preventive strategies (social and environmental factors) to better understand the underlying cause of NMP.
OBJECTIVES: Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases represent a significant and ever-increasing problem, accounting for nearly one-third of all deaths and leading to significant morbidity. Lifestyle changes, which introduce new risk factors for cardiovascular disease, are leading to an increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease worldwide. The burden of cardiovascular disease can be reduced by careful risk reduction, and as such, primary prevention is an important priority for all. There is strong consensus among international guidelines regarding the necessity of smoking cessation, weight optimization, and the importance of exercise, while guidelines differ slightly in their approach to hypertension and vary greatly in their approach to the optimal lipid profile, which remains a controversial issue. METHODS: The work is focused on the analysis of biochemical (glucose, cholesterol and triacylglycerols) and anthropometric (body mass index) parameters in selected probands (n = 140), including men (n = 70) and women (n = 70) in the Bardejov district. Probands were divided into groups depending on age (18-38, 39-50, 51-60, and over 61 years). For statistical evaluation, the program Statistica ver. 12 and ANOVA were used. RESULTS: The results of the study showed statistically significantly higher values of BMI, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerides (TG), and glucose (GLU) (p < 0.001) between men and women in the age groups (18-38 years, 39-50 years). In probands from the age group 51-60 years and over 61 years, we found a high level of cholesterol above the reference limit, but a significant difference between men and women was not confirmed. Correlation analysis confirmed the positive correlation between glucose and BMI. CONCLUSION: Differences in risk-factor (e.g., biochemical and anthropometrics) burden translate into marked differences in the lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease. These differences are consistent across age groups.
- MeSH
- antropometrie MeSH
- cholesterol MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- glukosa MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- triglyceridy MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The main aim of the study was to show the effect of diabetes in relation to the gender of the patients, duration of the disease, and on the incidence of diabetic retinopathy. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of these two diseases, pathological ocular changes and progression of disease occurrence in relation to the duration of the disease with respect to their impact on the quality of vision of the patient. METHODS: The prospective observational cross-sectional study included 3,951 patients (1,838 males, 2,113 females) with diabetes mellitus from 7 districts of eastern Slovakia. Patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy were identified by special screening in the number of 2,093 (1,094 females and 999 males). Subjects were divided by sex and by duration of diabetes into 5 groups: patients with diabetes under 5, 10, 15, 20, and over 20 years. We differentiated between proliferative and non-proliferative forms of diabetic retinopathy and monitored changes in visual quality. Manifestations of pathological changes were recorded using special examination methods in the eye clinic. We observed a decrease in vision by two lines, pathological changes on the retina and the occurrence of practical blindness. RESULTS: Of the total number of diabetic patients examined, diabetic retinopathy was also present in more than half of the patients. The major form represented in the patients was the non-proliferative form of retinopathy. The obtained results confirmed that the representation of patients with diabetic retinopathy increases with increasing duration of diabetes. Similarly, pathological changes characteristic of this type of late complication of diabetes were also more frequent, such as deterioration of visual acuity, the appearance of aneurysms, hard exudates macular edema, and gradual loss of vision, which can result in practical blindness. CONCLUSION: The percentage of people with diabetic retinopathy increases with the duration of diabetes, as well as the increased frequency of pathological late complication of diabetes, including deterioration of visual acuity, the development of aneurysms, hard exudates, macular oedema, and gradual loss of vision, which can result in practical blindness. Early diagnosis of the disease and introduction of appropriate treatment would alleviate the symptoms of the disease in more than half of the patients, so more frequent preventive check-ups with an ophthalmologist should be performed in diabetic patients to avoid detection of the disease in its late stages.
- MeSH
- aneurysma * komplikace MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * komplikace MeSH
- diabetická retinopatie * epidemiologie komplikace MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- slepota epidemiologie etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Contamination of soil by mercury poses several risks to human health through consumption of fruits and vegetables. In Slovakia, a high concentration of mercury is found in the soil of the Central Spiš region. The objective of the study is to measure the mercury concentrations in the parts of selected plant species and trees growing within 100 meters of a former ore processing facility. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 24 samples of plants, 20 samples of parts of needle-leaved trees and 9 samples of parts of broad-leaved trees were collected from soils with a high concentration of mercury. The concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry in different parts of the plants: leaves - 18 species, roots - 15 species, stems - 11 species, flowers - 7 species), and different parts of trees (crust - 8 species, branches - 8 species, needles - 5 species, cones - 5 species, leaves - 3 species). RESULTS: The concentrations of mercury in the soils taken at a depth of 0.25 m exceeded the maximum allowed levels more than 50-times. Potatoes, parsley and carrots from these soils exceeded the maximum allowed mercury levels 6-times, 5-times and twice, respectively. The average concentrations of mercury in the roots of 2-year onions exceeded the limit more than 50-times. The flowers of cornflower contain 18.20 mg*kg -1 , leaves of dandelion 10.61 mg*kg -1 and roots of plantain 6.80 mg*kg -1 of mercury. Regarding trees, the highest concentrations were found in the branches of juniper and leaves of aspen - more than 1 mg*kg -1. CONCLUSIONS: The systematic monitoring of mercury is still very important, since it was found that the end of ore processing does not solve the issue of contamination in the Central Spiš region. Therefore, the consumption of fruits and vegetables from the areas of former ore processing facilities is not recommended.
- MeSH
- hutnictví MeSH
- kontaminace potravin analýza MeSH
- kořeny rostlin chemie MeSH
- látky znečišťující půdu analýza MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
- nadzemní části rostlin chemie MeSH
- rtuť analýza MeSH
- stromy chemie MeSH
- zelenina chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Addressing the problem of obesity requires a complex - holistic approach, respecting its biological, psycho-social and health-related elements. Only 2 - 5% of all cases of overweight or obesity arise from objective medical reasons. The others are clearly a result of inappropriate lifestyle. The transition from secondary school to university represents one of the milestones for lifestyle changes in adolescents. In our research, which is part of the VEGA grant "Selected obesity risk factors and their physical prevention", No. 1/1343/12, we focused on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in male and female undergraduates, with respect on their study programme, lifestyle satisfaction and physical activity. We investigated overweight and obesity using the Body Mass Index (BMI) method. The results obtained, via the questionnaire method, from a sample of 939 female and 691 male students of two universities showed negative correlation between increased BMI values and undergraduate lifestyle satisfaction. The negative relation with physical activity, particularly with doing exercise and sports, was not significant. Diet, physical activity and sleep regime are reported to be the most frequent items that undergraduates would like to change to live a healthier lifestyle.
- MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nadváha MeSH
- pohybová aktivita MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- studium vysokoškolské MeSH
- životní styl * MeSH
- změny tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- biomedicínský výzkum MeSH
- cvičení fyziologie psychologie MeSH
- experimenty na lidech MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nadváha * MeSH
- pohybová aktivita * MeSH
- průřezové studie metody využití MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- spánek * MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- studenti MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- tuková tkáň fyziologie patofyziologie MeSH
- univerzity MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
