To reveal the variation of gut microbiota and its association with immune function in cured patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease, gut microbiota of patients discharged from hospital for 20 ~ 23 months and healthy volunteers was analyzed by high throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. The diversity and abundance were compared, and the correlation with immunity factors was investigated, and changes in the content of 6 genera microorganisms with proportion higher than 0.1% were revealed in patients with COVID-19 disease: reduced content of Subdoligranulum, Haemophilus, Coprococcus, Eubacterium vertriosum group, and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group and increased content of Hungatella. NK cells were negatively correlated to Subdoligranulum, while CD8 cells were positively correlated to Subdoligranulum but negative to Hungatella. IL-8 concentration was negatively correlated to Subdoligranulum, Haemophilus, Coprococcus, Eubacterium vertriosum group, and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group but positively to Hungatella, while IL-1β concentration was negatively correlated to Haemophilus and Eubacterium ventriosum group but positively to Hungatella. The variation of probiotics and potential pathogenic bacteria implies a higher risk in diseases and inflammation, and the modulation of the gut microbiota may help the healing of COVID-19 patients.
- MeSH
- Bacteria klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- buňky NK imunologie MeSH
- COVID-19 * imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie virologie MeSH
- interleukin-1beta MeSH
- interleukin-8 MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S * genetika MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 * imunologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Global Polio Laboratory Network (GPLN) potvrdila ve své zprávě z 22. června 2022 izolaci polioviru odvozeného z vakcíny typu 2 (VDPV2) ze vzorků životního prostředí v Londýně, Spojené království (UK), které byly vyšetřeny v rámci probíhající surveillance onemocnění. Je důležité poznamenat, že virus byl izolován pouze ze vzorků životního prostředí – nebyly zjištěny žádné související případy akutní chabé parézy. Proočkovanost kombinovanou vakcínou DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB, která chrání před několika nemocemi včetně obrny, v Londýně naznačuje, že v poslední době došlo k poklesu proočkovanosti na hodnotu 86,6 %.
The Global Polio Laboratory Network (GPLN) has confirmed in its report of 22 June 2022 the isolation of vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) from environmental samples in London, United Kingdom (UK), that were tested as part of disease surveillance. It is important to note that the virus was isolated from environmental samples only – no associated cases of acute flaccid paresis were reported. In London, the uptake of the combined DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB vaccine, which protects against several diseases including polio, indicates that there has been a recent decline in vaccine coverage to 86.6%.
OBJECTIVES: Studies of the fecal virome in type 1 diabetes (T1D) have been limited to populations of Europe and the United States. We therefore sought to characterize the stool virome in children after onset of T1D and in matched control subjects from four geographically distant African and Asian countries. METHODS: Samples of stool were collected from 73 children and adolescents shortly after T1D onset (Azerbaijan 19, Jordan 20, Nigeria 14, Sudan 20) and 105 matched control subjects of similar age and locale. Metagenomic sequencing of the DNA and RNA virome was performed, and virus positivity was defined as more than 0.001% of reads of the sample. Selected viruses were also quantified using real-time PCR. Conditional logistic regression was used to model associations with eukaryotic virus positivity. RESULTS: Signals of 387 different viral species were detected; at least one eukaryotic virus was detected in 71% case and 65% control samples. Neither of observed eukaryotic virus species or genera differed in frequency between children with T1D and controls. There was a suggestive association of the total count of different viral genera per sample between cases (1.45 genera) and controls (1.10 genera, OR 1.24, 95%CI 0.98-1.57), and an unplanned subanalysis suggested marginally more frequent endogenous retrovirus signal in cases (in 28.8% vs. in 8.6% controls, OR = 4.55, 95%CI 1.72-12). CONCLUSIONS: No clear and consistent association with T1D was observed in the fecal viromes from four distant non-European populations. The finding of borderline associations of human endogenous retroviruses merits further exploration.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu diagnóza virologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- feces virologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- virom MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Ázerbájdžán MeSH
- Jordánsko MeSH
- Nigérie MeSH
- Súdán MeSH
In 2019, a novel virus emerged in Wuhan, China that caused a febrile respiratory illness, sometimes rapidly fatal and thought to be transmitted by droplet contact. It likely originated from another species (possibly the bat), but later, spread occurred from human-to-human. Over a period of months, this disease disseminated to more than 100 nations as a highly infectious pandemic, reminiscent of disease associated with other coronavirus agents in 2002 (SARS) and 2012 (MERS). This COVID-19 virus also caused other forms of clinical illness, albeit in the minority, and most infected patients (over 50%) had few symptoms or remained completely asymptomatic. Prominent in some patients was watery diarrhea, often lasting less than a week, but sometimes without any respiratory features, such as fever, cough or shortness of breath. It is believed that fecal-oral transmission may result. The virus attaches to the surface of human respiratory and intestinal cells, gains entry into these cells, ultimately leading to production of new virions intraluminally. Fecal shedding may occur for extended periods, even after respiratory secretions become negative. Apart from preventive measures, vaccine development remains the most important strategy.
- Klíčová slova
- Covid 19,
- MeSH
- angiotensin konvertující enzym 2 škodlivé účinky MeSH
- COVID-19 * patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- feces virologie MeSH
- internalizace viru MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průjem * etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- receptory koronavirů MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 enzymologie patogenita MeSH
- střevní sliznice patologie virologie MeSH
- vylučování virů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
The severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dwells in the respiratory airways, however, its digestive tract presence, infectivity, mucosal attachment and penetrating mechanisms, enteric proliferation, stool shading, flashed bio-aerosol spreading and fecal-oral transmission is far from being understood. The present review opens some skylights to lighten the long, tortuous, dark and challenging tunnel of the gastrointestinal tract and his uninvited covid-19 viral new inhabitant.
- Klíčová slova
- Covid 19,
- MeSH
- angiotensin konvertující enzym 2 škodlivé účinky MeSH
- COVID-19 * etiologie mortalita patofyziologie patologie přenos MeSH
- endoskopie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- feces virologie MeSH
- gastrointestinální trakt patofyziologie patologie virologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průjem etiologie MeSH
- receptory koronavirů MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 patogenita MeSH
- střeva * virologie MeSH
- virom MeSH
- vylučování virů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
The virus SARS-CoV-2, which has caused the recent COVID-19 pandemic, may be present in the stools of COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we aimed to detect SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater for surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in the population. Samples of untreated wastewater were collected from 33 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) of different sizes within the Czech Republic. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was concentrated from wastewater and viral RNA was determined using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 11.6% of samples and more than 27.3% of WWTPs; in some of them, SARS-CoV-2 was detected repeatedly. Our preliminary results indicate that an epidemiology approach that focuses on the determination of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater could be suitable for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in the population.
- MeSH
- Betacoronavirus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- feces virologie MeSH
- koronavirové infekce epidemiologie virologie MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- odpadní voda virologie MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- RNA virová MeSH
- virová pneumonie epidemiologie virologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Group A Rotaviruses (RVA) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children and a major cause of childhood mortality in low-income countries. RVAs are mostly host-specific, but interspecies transmission and reassortment between human and animal RVAs significantly contribute to their genetic diversity. We investigated the VP7 and VP4 genotypes of RVA isolated from 225 stool specimens collected from Czech patients with gastroenteritis during 2016-2019. The most abundant genotypes were G1P[8] (42.7%), G3P[8] (11.1%), G9P[8] (9.8%), G2P[4] (4.4%), G4P[8] (1.3%), G12P[8] (1.3%), and, surprisingly, G8P[8] (9.3%). Sequence analysis of G8P[8] strains revealed the highest nucleotide similarity of all Czech G8 sequences to the G8P[8] rotavirus strains that were isolated in Vietnam in 2014/2015. The whole-genome backbone of the Czech G8 strains was determined with the use of next-generation sequencing as DS-1-like. Phylogenetic analysis of all segments clustered the Czech isolates with RVA strains that were formerly described in Southeast Asia, which had emerged following genetic reassortment between bovine and human RVAs. This is the first time that bovine-human DS1-like G8P[8] strains were detected at a high rate in human patients in Central Europe. Whether the emergence of this unusual genotype reflects the establishment of a new RVA strain in the population requires the continuous monitoring of rotavirus epidemiology.
- MeSH
- antigeny virové genetika MeSH
- feces virologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- gastroenteritida epidemiologie virologie MeSH
- genom virový genetika MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- reassortantní viry genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- RNA virová genetika MeSH
- rotavirové infekce epidemiologie virologie MeSH
- Rotavirus genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- skot MeSH
- virové plášťové proteiny genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Human parvovirus 4 (PARV4, family Parvoviridae, genus Tetraparvovirus) displays puzzling features, such as uncertain clinical importance/significance, unclear routes of transmission, and discontinuous geographical distribution. The origin, or the general reservoir, of human PARV4 infection is unknown. We aimed to detect and characterize PARV4 virus in faecal samples collected from two wild chimpanzee populations and 19 species of captive non-human primates. We aimed to investigate these species as a potential reservoir and alternate route of transmission on the African continent. From almost 500 samples screened, a single wild Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii sample tested positive. Full genome analysis, as well as single ORF phylogenies, confirmed species-specific PARV4 infection.
- MeSH
- divoká zvířata virologie MeSH
- feces virologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genom virový MeSH
- infekce viry z čeledi Parvoviridae přenos veterinární virologie MeSH
- nemoci primátů přenos virologie MeSH
- otevřené čtecí rámce MeSH
- Pan troglodytes MeSH
- Parvovirinae klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
