This prospective study sought to evaluate the healing quality of implanted ultraporous β-tricalcium phosphate sown with expanded autologous mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) into femoral defects during revision hip arthroplasty. A total of 37 osseous defects in 37 patients were treated and evaluated concerning bone regeneration. Nineteen subjects received β-tricalcium phosphate graft material serving as a carrier of expanded autologous MSCs (the trial group A), nine subjects received β-tricalcium phosphate graft material only (the study group B) and nine subjects received cancellous allografts only (the control group C). Clinical and radiographic evaluations were scheduled at 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively, and performed at the most recent visit as well. All observed complications were recorded during follow-up to assess the use of an ultraporous β-tricalcium phosphate synthetic graft material combined with expanded MSCs in bone defect repair. The resulting data from participants with accomplished follow-up were processed and statistically evaluated with a Freeman-Halton modification of the Fischer's exact test, a P < 0.05 value was considered to be significant. Whereas no significant difference was observed between the trial group A with β-tricalcium phosphate synthetic graft material serving as a carrier of expanded autologous MSCs and control group C with cancellous impaction allografting in terms of the bone defect healing, significant differences were documented between the study group B with β-tricalcium phosphate graft material only and control group C. Regarding adverse effects, six serious events were recorded during the clinical trial with no causal relationship to the cell product. β-tricalcium phosphate synthetic graft material serving as a carrier of expanded autologous MSCs appears safe and promotes the healing of bone defects in a jeopardized and/or impaired microenvironment. This clinical trial was registered at the EU Clinical Trials Register before patient recruitment (Registration number: EudraCT number 2012-005599-33; Date of registration: 2013-02-04).

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• femur cytologie   zranění   fyziologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• fosforečnany vápenaté chemie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kostní náhrady chemie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezenchymální kmenové buňky cytologie   MeSH
• regenerace kostí * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tkáňové podpůrné struktury chemie   MeSH
• transplantace mezenchymálních kmenových buněk metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky, fáze II MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To give a description of the patient group, risk factors, classification, therapeutic procedures and treatment outcomes in periprosthetic femoral fractures after total hip arthroplasty treated in the Trauma Hospital in Brno. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study comprised of 51 patients treated for a periprosthetic femoral fracture between 2003 and 2013. This included 19 (37%) intra-operative and 32 (63%) post-operative fractures. According to the Vancouver classification, the types of fractures were as follows: 9 patients A; 21 B1; 9 B2; 6 B3 and 6 with type C. RESULTS Type A fractures were treated conservatively. Although pseudoarthrosis of the greater trochanter occurred, the patients had no clinical problems. The intra-operative type B1 fractures were managed by cerclage tapes in nine patients and the post-operative B1 fractures were treated by plate osteosynthesis in 10 patients and femoral stem reimplantation in two patients. All post-operative type B2 and type B3 fractures were managed by reimplantation of the femoral stem and type C fractures were treated by plate osteosynthesis. Serious complications requiring revision surgery were recorded in five patients; they included plate failure in two B1 fractures, dislocation of a B2 fracture, a dislocation with femoral component rotation in a B3 fracture and failure of the plate in a type C fracture. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of a periprosthetic fracture can affect the patient's life. In view of the fracture type, implant type, general health of the patient and all risk factors, the authors prefer one-stage surgical treatment. The Vancouver classification is a guidleine for the therapeutic plan. Osteosynthesis as a single procedure is indicated only if the femoral component is stable and well fixed. When the stem in B2 and B3 fractures is loose, revision surgery with stem replacement is necessary. Key words: periprosthetic fracture, total hip atrhroplasty, Vancouver classification.

• MeSH
• femur cytologie   MeSH
• fraktury femuru klasifikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• náhrada kyčelního kloubu škodlivé účinky   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• periprotetické fraktury klasifikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• reoperace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• transplantace kmenových buněk MeSH
• vnitřní fixace fraktury MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Iron oxide nanoparticles obtained by the coprecipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts and oxidation were coated with a novel poly(vinyl acetate-co-5-tert-(butylperoxy)-5-methylhex-1-en-3-yne-co-butyl acrylate-co-maleic anhydride) (PVBM) oligomer to ensure colloidal stability. The magnetic nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized by a range of physico-chemical methods, which proved the presence of the coating on the particles. Experiments with rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) confirmed that PVBM-coated gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were not cytotoxic and that the average efficiency of stem cell labeling was good and comparable to that obtained with commercial agents. The cells labeled with PVBM-coated gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles displayed excellent contrast on magnetic resonance (MR) images. Such particles are thus promising for in vivo MR imaging of transplanted cells. Moreover, PVBM offers the possibility of additional modification by grafting compounds that reduce non-specific protein adsorption.

• MeSH
• barvení a značení metody   MeSH
• femur cytologie   MeSH
• kovové nanočástice chemie   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• magnetismus MeSH
• mezenchymální kmenové buňky chemie   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
• viabilita buněk MeSH
• železité sloučeniny chemie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Survival and capability of cancer cells to form metastases fundamentally depend on interactions with their microenvironment. Secondary tumors originating from prostate carcinomas affect remodeling of bone tissue and can induce both osteolytic and osteocondensing lesions. However, particular molecular mechanisms responsible for selective homing and activity of cancer cells in bone microenvironment have not been clarified yet. Growth/differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a distant member of the TGF-beta protein family, has recently been associated with many human cancers, including prostate. We show that both pure GDF-15 and the GDF-15-containing growth medium of 1,25(OH)(2)-vitamin D(3)-treated prostate adenocarcinoma LNCaP cells suppress formation of mature osteoclasts differentiated from RAW264.7 macrophages and bone-marrow precursors by M-CSF/RANKL in a dose-dependent manner. GDF-15 inhibits expression of c-Fos and activity of NFkappaB by delayed degradation of IkappaB. Moreover, GDF-15 inhibits expression of carbonic anhydrase II and cathepsin K, key osteoclast enzymes, and induces changes in SMAD and p38 signaling. The lack of functional osteoclasts can contribute to accumulation of bone matrix by reduction of bone resorption. These results unveil new role of GDF-15 in modulation of osteoclast differentiation and possibly in therapy of bone metastases.

• MeSH
• buněčná diferenciace účinky léků   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• faktor stimulující kolonie makrofágů farmakologie   MeSH
• femur cytologie   MeSH
• inbrední kmeny myší MeSH
• izoenzymy metabolismus   MeSH
• kalcitriol farmakologie   MeSH
• karboanhydrasa II antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• kathepsin K antagonisté a inhibitory   genetika   MeSH
• kultivační média speciální farmakologie   MeSH
• kyselá fosfatasa metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ligand RANK farmakologie   MeSH
• makrofágy cytologie   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádory prostaty metabolismus   MeSH
• NF-kappa B antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• osteoklasty metabolismus   účinky léků   MeSH
• protoonkogenní proteiny c-fos antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• růstový diferenciační faktor 15 farmakologie   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Differences in microscopic structure of the femur between 1-month-old transgenic rabbits carrying the hFVIII gene and non-transgenic rabbits were investigated. Bone microstructure was evaluated from the point of view of qualitative and quantitative histological characteristics. We identified fibrolamellar bone tissue only in the transgenic animals. Measured values for area, perimeter of the Haversian canals and minimum diameter of the primary osteons' vascular canals were higher in 1-month-old transgenic individuals (P < 0.05; P < 0.001). We also observed lower concentrations of Ca, P, K, solids, and total mineral content in femora of transgenic rabbits. A statistically significant difference was observed for the concentration of Ca (P < 0.05). Our results indicate evident changes in both qualitative and quantitative histological characteristics of the femur, which result especially in better blood supply and slightly reduced mineralization process in 1-month-old transgenic rabbits.

• MeSH
• faktor VIII genetika   MeSH
• femur cytologie   MeSH
• fyziologická kalcifikace MeSH
• geneticky modifikovaná zvířata MeSH
• kostní denzita MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mléčné bílkoviny genetika   MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

Summary: Human adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are rare elements living in various organs (e.g. bone marrow, skeletal muscle), with capability to differentiate in various cell types (e.g. chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteoblasts). In the year 2000, Gronthos and co-workers isolated stem cells from the human dental pulp (DPSCs). Later on, stem cells from exfoliated tooth were also obtained. The aims of our study were to establish protocol of DPSCs isolation and to cultivate DPSCs either from adult or exfoliated tooth, and to compare these cells with mesenchymal progenitor cell (MPCs) cultures. MPCs were isolated from the human bone marrow of proximal femur. DPSCs were isolated from deciduous and permanent teeth. Both cell types were cultivated under the same conditions in the media with 2 % of FCS supplemented with PDGF and EGF growth factors. We have cultivated undifferentiated DPSCs for long time, over 60 population doublings in cultivation media designed for bone marrow MPCs. After reaching Hayflick’s limit, they still have normal karyotype. Initial doubling time of our cultures was from 12 to 50 hours for first 40 population doublings, after reaching 50 population doublings, doubling time had increased to 60–90 hours. Regression analysis of uncumulated population doublings proved tight dependence of population doublings on passage number and slow decrease of proliferation potential. In comparison with bone marrow MPCs, DPSCs share similar biological characteristics and stem cell properties. The results of our experiments proved that the DPSCs and MPCs are highly proliferative, clonogenic cells that can be expanded beyond Hayflick’s limit and remain cytogenetically stable. Moreover we have probably isolated two different populations of DPSCs. These DPSCs lines differed one from another in morphology. Because of their high proliferative and differentiation potential, DPSCs can become more attractive, easily accessible source of adult stem cells for therapeutic purposes.

• MeSH
• buňky kostní dřeně cytologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• femur cytologie   fyziologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• kultivované buňky cytologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezenchymální kmenové buňky cytologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie metody   využití   MeSH
• výběr dárců metody   využití   MeSH
• zubní dřeň cytologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• zuby cytologie   fyziologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• femur analýza   anatomie a histologie   cytologie   MeSH
• končetiny MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• tibie analýza   anatomie a histologie   cytologie   MeSH
• určení kostního věku MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• femur cytologie   fyziologie   krevní zásobení   MeSH
• histologické techniky * metody   využití   MeSH
• hodnotící studie jako téma MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň * cytologie   fyziologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikroradiografie metody   využití   MeSH
• osteocyty * cytologie   fyziologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• osteologie metody   MeSH
• pitva využití   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• experimentální radiační poranění terapie   MeSH
• femur cytologie   MeSH
• hematopoéza účinky záření   MeSH
• homologní transplantace MeSH
• injekce intraperitoneální MeSH
• injekce intravenózní MeSH
• metody MeSH
• myši MeSH
• počet erytrocytů MeSH
• retikulocyty MeSH
• slezina cytologie   MeSH
• transfuze lymfocytů MeSH
• transplantace kostní dřeně MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH