Telomeres are repetitive DNA located at the ends of chromosomes that preserve genomic stability. Excessive leukocyte telomere shortening is associated with cardio-metabolic disease and increased mortality risk. Although most studies indicate exercise training could attenuate leukocyte telomere attrition, data is somewhat equivocal. The inconsistencies could be partly explained by the different populations of leukocytes isolated for telomere length assessment. Accordingly, average peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and whole blood leukocyte telomere length were assessed in 44 endurance athletes and 40 healthy controls using quantitative PCR. While whole blood leukocyte telomeres were, on average, 6.1% longer in endurance athletes compared to controls, PBMC telomere length was similar between the two cohorts in age and sex-adjusted analyses (athletes vs controls, mean T/S ratio ± SE: 3.25 ± 0.05 vs 3.23 ± 0.05, p = 0.72). Other than a weak inverse correlation with sitting (r = −0.25, p = 0.03), no statistically significant correlations were found between PBMC telomere length and exercise parameters. Unlike whole blood leukocytes, PBMC telomere length is not associated with endurance exercise and exercise parameters. These findings suggest the need for future work to quantify short and long telomeres of sorted immune cell populations and to measure them in context with cell counts and exercise traits.
- MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární cytologie fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pohybová aktivita MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
- srdeční frekvence MeSH
- stárnutí buněk MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost MeSH
- zkracování telomer genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Physical activity has been correlated with transient immune impairment. However, such activities lead to improvement in immunity rather than dysfunction. The major benefit of regular exercise is the reduction of low-grade inflammation which consequently prevents or attenuates metabolic diseases, such as atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer or even depression. As a major factor responsible for general improvements in the immune system, scientists have examined epigenetics. Epigenetic mechanisms include cytosine methylation, micro-RNA expression and post-transcriptional modifications of histones, which regulate tissue-specific gene expression in response to environmental stimulation. This review will summarize the recent data regarding the impact of exercise and the role of epigenetic mechanisms on gene expression changes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs).
- MeSH
- buňky NK imunologie MeSH
- epigenomika * MeSH
- genetická transkripce MeSH
- genetické markery MeSH
- histony genetika MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metylace DNA MeSH
- pohybová aktivita fyziologie genetika imunologie MeSH
- zánět genetika patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
The relative length of telomeres measured in peripheral blood leukocytes is a commonly used system marker for biological aging and can also be used as a biomarker of cardiovascular aging. However, to what extent the telomere length in peripheral leukocytes reflects telomere length in different organ tissues is still unclear. Therefore, we have measured relative telomere length (rTL) in twelve different human tissues (peripheral blood leukocytes, liver, kidney, heart, spleen, brain, skin, triceps, tongue mucosa, intercostal skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat, and abdominal fat) from twelve cadavers (age range of 29 week of gestation to 88 years old). The highest rTL variability was observed in peripheral leukocytes, and the lowest variability was found in brain. We found a significant linear correlation between leukocyte rTL and both intercostal muscle (R=0.68, P<0.02) and liver rTL (R=0.60, P<0.05) only. High rTL variability was observed between different organs from one individual. Furthermore, we have shown that even slight DNA degradation (modeled by sonication of genomic DNA) leads to false rTL shortening. We conclude that the rTL in peripheral leukocytes is not strongly correlated with the rTL in different organs.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární patologie fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mozek patologie fyziologie MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- plod patologie fyziologie MeSH
- poškození DNA fyziologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stárnutí patologie fyziologie MeSH
- telomery patologie fyziologie MeSH
- zkracování telomer fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Diagnostika etiológie kontaktného ekzému sa v súčasnosti opiera takmer výlučné o výsledky epikutánnych kožných testov, ktoré však majú viaceré nedostatky a požiadavka alternatívnej diagnostickej metody reálné jestvuje. Cielbm nasej práce bolo zhodnotenie dvoch laboratórnych metod z hradiska ich možného využitia na in vitro diagnostiku kontaktnej precitlivenosti na nikel. Pomocou vyšetrenia mononukleárnych buniek periférnej krvi súborov pacientov s kontaktným ekzémom a zdravých osob bez kontaktnej precitlivenosti sme zisťovali charakteristiky lymfocytotransformačného testu a ELISA testu na stanovenie interleukínu 5 (IL-5) ako potenciálnych diagnostických testov. Naše výsledky naznačujú možnost využitia oboch testov na in vitro diagnostiku niklom vyvolaného kontaktného ekzému. Rozšírenie vyšetřených súborov je však nevyhnutné na potvrdenie tohto závěru.
The diagnostics of the etiology of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is currently almost solely based on the results of patch tests, which, however, háve several disadvantages. Therefore there is a reál need for an alternativě diagnostic method. The aim of our study was to characterize the potential utility of two different laboratory methods for in vitro diagnosis of contact nickel hypersensitivity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with nickel allergic contact dermatitis and a control group of healthy persons without contact allergy were examined and the characteristics of lymphocyte transformation test and interleukin 5 (IL-5) ELISA test were studied as potential diagnostic methods. Our results suggest that both tests might be suitable for in vitro diagnostics of ACD caused by nickel. However, it is necessary to increase the number of patients enrolled into study to confirm this conclusion.
- MeSH
- aktivace lymfocytů genetika MeSH
- alergická kontaktní dermatitida diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ELISA metody využití MeSH
- interleukin-1 analýza diagnostické užití MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- kožní testy metody využití MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nikl škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- techniky in vitro MeSH
GVHD is a major complication after allogeneic SCT. Etiology of GVHD is multifactorial. Known role of hSPS in antigen presentation could suggest their potential role in the alloreactive process that leads to aGVHD. HSPS represent major immunodominant antigens in a wide spectrum of microbial pathogens. Bacterial and fungal colonization, infection and sepsis are frequent in immunocompromised patients with various malignant and non-malignant diseases. We studied PBMC responses to recombinant human hsp60 (rh-hsp60), rh-hsp70 and Mycobacterium bovis hsp65 (M. bovis hsp65) in relation to aGVHD and infection in 34 pediatric patients with various lympho-hemopoietic malignancies as well as non-malignant disorders subjected to SCT. PBMC of patients before initiation of preparative regimen as well as after engraftment were stimulated with hSPS (1 microg/mL/well, 7-day cultivation). PHA was used as a control of the stimulation ability. Cell responses were measured after the incorporation of 3H-thymidin (pulsing with 1 microCi/well) and were expressed as stimulation indexes (SI). We demonstrated significantly high proliferative response to rh-hsp60 as well as M. bovis hsp65 in a cohort of pretransplant patients with anamnestic and/or actual infection when compared with a cohort of patients without infection and healthy individuals. Strong PBMC cell responses to hSPS were found in patients who were at present colonized with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae or had previously K. pneumoniae infection with subsequent sepsis. Our findings support various studies dealing with immunodominant hSPS in connection with several pathogens and infectious diseases. Although no statistical difference for proliferative response to PHA was observed, PBMC responses against all tested hSPS comparing a cohort of patients with aGVHD and that with no sign of GVHD resulted in significantly lower SI for all tested hSPS in patients with aGVHD. Lower stimulation with hSPS during aGVHD might be explained by the stress-induced upregulation of self-hSPS synthesis that might lead to the inhibition of self-hSPS reactive T-cell response. Vice versa, we hypothesize that increased hsp-specific stimulation may reflect the presence of protecting regulatory T cells preventing the development of Th1-mediated diseases involving aGVHD.
- MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny fyziologie MeSH
- chaperon hsp60 fyziologie MeSH
- chaperoniny fyziologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nemoc štěpu proti hostiteli imunologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- příprava pacienta k transplantaci MeSH
- proteiny tepelného šoku HSP70 fyziologie MeSH
- proteiny tepelného šoku fyziologie MeSH
- rekombinantní proteiny MeSH
- test smíšené lymfocytární kultury MeSH
- transplantace kmenových buněk MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- cytokiny analýza krev MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- horečka patofyziologie MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Borrelia patofyziologie MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipopolysacharidy aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- MeSH
- katecholaminy fyziologie MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- termogeneze fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- MeSH
- bakteriální toxiny imunologie MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Borrelia imunologie MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pyrogeny imunologie toxicita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
