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MeSH: permeabilita buněčné membrány-imunologie

7 záznamů v Medvik Filtry

Článek

Pokroky v klinické imunologii

Nouza, Martin, 1961-
Autor Autorita Centrum klinické imunologie, Praha

Medicína & umění. 2020 ; 2020 (1(59)) : 15-20.

ISSN 1803-3679
Medvik
Zdroj

Článek

Membrane-active peptides as anti-infectious agents

Journal of Applied Biomedicine. 2010 ; 8 (3) : 159-167.

Medvik
Zdroj

The lipid components of pathogen cell membranes have been considered as a poor pharmacological target, due to their universal distribution and apparent homogeneity throughout living organisms. Among the rare exceptions to this view one could mention polyene antibiotics such as amphotericin, or peptide antibiotics such as the polymyxins and the gramicidins. In the last two decades, however, the above notion has been challenged by two main lines of discovery; first, natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that kill pathogens by interaction with phospholipids and membrane permeabilization, and secondly, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), capable of introducing into cells a variety of cargoes in the absence of specific receptors, again by interaction at some point with membrane phospholipids. For both AMPs and CPPs, the pharmacological proof-of-concept has been successfully demonstrated, and promising applications as nanobiotechnological tools have been envisaged though not hitherto materialized in clinical settings. In this review we briefly examine the pros and cons of these two classes of therapeutic agents, as well as strategies aimed at rationalizing and expanding their potentiality.

MeSH
antibiotická rezistence genetika imunologie MeSH
financování organizované MeSH
infekční nemoci farmakoterapie MeSH
kationické antimikrobiální peptidy genetika účinky léků MeSH
lidé MeSH
lipopolysacharidy biosyntéza MeSH
mikrochemie metody trendy MeSH
peptidy genetika metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
permeabilita buněčné membrány genetika imunologie účinky léků MeSH
rostliny MeSH
zvířata MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
zvířata MeSH
Publikační typ
přehledy MeSH

Článek

Temperature-perception, molecules and mechanisms

Journal of Applied Biomedicine. 2010 ; 8 (4) : 189-198.

Medvik
Zdroj

The strategies used by living organisms to survive under low and freezing temperatures reveal the extraordinary adaptability of life on Earth. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cold adaptation and freezing survival will provide new insights into the existing relationships between living organisms and their environment, and the possibility of developing multiple biotechnological applications. In the case of plants, the use of classical genetic and new "omics" approaches is allowing to the identification of new elements involved in regulating the cold acclimation response. The challenge ahead is to determine temperature-perception molecules and mechanisms, to uncover new internodes of multiple responses, and to integrate the regulation not only at the transcriptome but also at proteome and metabolome levels. Attaining these goals will significantly contribute global understanding the adaptive strategies plants have evolved to cope with hostile environmental conditions, and to the development biotechnological strategies to improve crop tolerance to freezing and other important abiotic stresses.

Článek

Pore-forming and enzymatic activities of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin synergize in promoting lysis of monocytes

Infection and immunity. 2006 ; 74 (4) : 2207-2214.

ISSN 0019-9567
Medvik
Zdroj

Bordetella adenylate cyclase (AC) toxin-hemolysin (CyaA) targets myeloid phagocytes expressing the alphaMbeta2 integrin (CD11b/CD18) and delivers into their cytosol an AC enzyme that converts ATP into cyclic AMP (cAMP). In parallel, CyaA acts as a hemolysin, forming small membrane pores. Using specific mutations, we dissected the contributions of the two activities to cytolytic potency of CyaA on J774A.1 murine monocytes. The capacity of AC to penetrate cells and deplete cytosolic ATP was essential for promoting lysis and the enzymatically inactive but fully hemolytic CyaA-AC- toxoid exhibited a 15-fold-lower cytolytic capacity on J774A.1 cells than intact CyaA. Moreover, a two- or fourfold drop of specific hemolytic activity of the CyaA-E570Q and CyaA-E581P mutants was overpowered by an intact capacity to dissipate cytosolic ATP into cAMP, allowing the less hemolytic proteins to promote lysis of J774A.1 cells as efficiently as intact CyaA. However, an increased hemolytic activity, due to lysine substitutions of glutamates 509, 516, and 581 in the pore-forming domain, conferred on AC- toxoids a correspondingly enhanced cytolytic potency. Moreover, a threefold increase in hemolytic activity could override a fourfold drop in capacity to convert cellular ATP to cAMP, conferring on the CyaA-E581K construct an overall twofold increased cytolytic potency. Hence, although appearing auxiliary in cytolytic action of the toxin on nucleated cells, the pore-forming activity can synergize with ATP-depleting activity of the cell-invasive AC enzyme and complement its action toward maximal cytotoxicity.