Trematodes of the genus Aphalloides Dollfus, Chabaud & Golvan, 1957 reach maturity in their second intermediate host, small fishes of the family Gobionellidae, genera Pomatoschistus and Knipowitschia. Two morphologically similar species have been described from European waters: Aphalloides coelomicola Dollfus et al., 1957 in the Mediterranean Sea (including the brackish Black Sea region) and Aphalloides timmi Reimer, 1970 in the Baltic Sea. There was no difference in morphology and morphometry for specimens corresponding to A. coelomicola and A. timmi and examination of the 28S rDNA sequence confirmed the similarity. Based on these results, these two species are synonymized and A. coelomicola redescribed.
- MeSH
- Fish Diseases parasitology MeSH
- Perciformes parasitology MeSH
- Saline Waters MeSH
- Trematoda classification MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Black Sea MeSH
- Mediterranean Sea MeSH
Three species of parasitic nematodes are redescribed based on light and scanning electron microscopical (SEM) examinations of newly collected specimens in fishes of South Carolina, USA: Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) bullocki Stromberg & Crites, 1972 from Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus) (Fundulidae); Dichelyne (Dichelyne) diplocaecum Chandler, 1935 from Ictalurus furcatus (Valenciennes) (Ictaluridae); and Hysterothylacium pelagicum Deardorff & Overstreet, 1982 from Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus (Coryphaenidae). For the first time, intraspecific variations in the number of intestinal caeca were observed in D. bullocki, as well as previously unknown males and gravid females of D. diplocaecum are described; this enabled to synonymise D. mexicanus Caspeta-Mandujano, Moravec & Salgado-Maldonado, 1999 with D. diplocaecum. Unlike most congeneric species, H. pelagicum has no double postanal papillae, as confirmed by SEM. A key to the species of Dichelyne Jägerskiöld, 1902 parasitic in freshwater and brackish-water fishes in North America is provided.
- MeSH
- Ascaridida anatomy & histology classification ultrastructure MeSH
- Species Specificity MeSH
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning MeSH
- Fishes parasitology MeSH
- Fresh Water * MeSH
- Saline Waters * MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- South Carolina MeSH
- North America MeSH
Most bacteria are found either in marine or fresh waters and transitions between the two habitats are rare, even though freshwater and marine bacteria co-occur in brackish habitats. Estuaries in brackish, tideless seas could be habitats where the transition of freshwater phylotypes to marine conditions occurs. We tested this hypothesis in the Gulf of Gdańsk (Baltic Sea) by comparing bacterial communities from different zones of the estuary, via pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. We predicted the existence of a core microbiome (CM, a set of abundant OTUs present in all samples) comprising OTUs consisting of populations specific for particular zones of the estuary. The CMs for the entire studied period consisted of only eight OTUs, and this number was even lower for specific seasons: five in spring, two in summer, and one in autumn and winter. Six of the CM OTUs, and another 21 of the 50 most abundant OTUs consisted of zone-specific populations, plausibly representing micro-evolutionary forces. The presence of up to 15% of freshwater phylotypes from the Vistula River in the brackish Gulf of Gdańsk supported our hypothesis, but high dissimilarity between the bacterial communities suggested that freshwater-marine transitions are rare even in tideless estuaries in brackish seas.
- MeSH
- Bacteria classification genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- RNA, Bacterial genetics MeSH
- Estuaries * MeSH
- Seawater microbiology MeSH
- DNA, Ribosomal chemistry genetics MeSH
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics MeSH
- Sequence Analysis, DNA MeSH
- Fresh Water microbiology MeSH
- Biota * MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
This is the first exhaustive report on the fungal community biodiversity in hypersaline water in România. A total of 27 fungal strains (19 molds and eight yeast) have been isolated from Lopătari hypersaline water, Buzau County. Based on classical investigation, these strains have been identified as belonging to the genera Aureobasidium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium. The molecular characterization of fungal isolates at species level was performed using PCR-RFLP analysis of the 5.8S-ITS region. PCR products were digested with different combinations of endonucleases. The most frequently isolated species were Aspergillus niger (14.81% of all isolates), A. versicolor, (14.81%) and Penicillium crustosum (14.81%). In addition, ribosomal restriction patterns which exhibited profiles specific to Aureobasidium pullulans were derived, and to discriminate between Aureobasidium isolates, the elongase-encoding gene (ELO) was chosen as a genetic marker followed by digestion with endonuclease HhaI. Five yeast isolates displayed restriction patterns corresponding to Aureobasidium melanogenum (18.52%) and three isolates to Aureobasidium pullulans (11.11%). In addition, the RFLP types of Aureobasidium pullulans varieties with HhaI are clearly distinguished and could be applied to assess the intraspecific variability.
- MeSH
- Ascomycota genetics isolation & purification metabolism MeSH
- Aspergillus genetics isolation & purification metabolism MeSH
- Biodiversity MeSH
- DNA, Fungal genetics MeSH
- Phylogeny MeSH
- Fungi classification genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- Yeasts genetics isolation & purification metabolism MeSH
- Water Microbiology * MeSH
- Polymerase Chain Reaction MeSH
- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length * MeSH
- Rivers chemistry microbiology MeSH
- DNA, Ribosomal genetics MeSH
- Sequence Analysis, DNA MeSH
- Saline Waters * MeSH
- Salt Tolerance * MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Romania MeSH
Caligus brevicaudatus Scott, 1901, a common but poorly known species of parasitic copepod, is redescribed from newly collected specimens of both sexes. The new material was collected from the body surface of tub gurnards, Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus), caught in eastern Mediterranean waters off the Turkish coast. Inadequately described female structures from earlier descriptions are redescribed and illustrated in detail and the male of C. brevicaudatus is described for the first time. The new material of C. brevicaudatus is compared with material collected by A. Scott and stored in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London. In addition, a voucher specimen of Caligus uranoscopi Vaissière, 1955, stored in the collections of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris is re-examined. Caligus uranoscopi is recognised as a junior subjective synonym of C. brevicaudatus since it does not differ in any substantive characters.
- MeSH
- Copepoda * anatomy & histology classification MeSH
- Oceans and Seas MeSH
- Fishes parasitology MeSH
- Saline Waters MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Oceans and Seas MeSH
- Turkey MeSH
The acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus salmonis Müller, 1784 is a common parasite of salmonid fish, but it has rarely been reported from an intermediate host. Samples of benthic amphipods, Monoporeia affinis (Lindström), were taken from multiple, deep sites (usually below 70 m) in the Gulf of Bothnia over the course of more than a decade and examined for acanthocephalans. Overall, only 0.44% of 23 296 amphipods were infected, all with just a single worm. This prevalence is consistent with several previous reports of acanthocephalans in deep-water, benthic amphipods, but it appears low compared to that often reported for acanthocephalan species infecting littoral amphipods. Parasite occurrence did not exhibit a clear regional pattern (i.e. northern vs southern sites) nor did it have any relationship with site depth. At sites sampled over multiple years, parasite abundance was consistently low (mostly < 0.01), though two spikes in abundance (over 0.06) were also observed, indicating that infection can be substantially higher at particular times or in particular places. The median density of E. salmonis in samples containing the parasite was estimated as 8.4 cystacanths per m(2).
- MeSH
- Acanthocephala * MeSH
- Amphipoda * parasitology MeSH
- Host Specificity MeSH
- Oceans and Seas MeSH
- Saline Waters MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Oceans and Seas MeSH
- Europe, Eastern MeSH
8 stran ; 21 cm
- MeSH
- Hyperthermia, Induced MeSH
- Baths MeSH
- Health Resorts MeSH
- Rheumatic Heart Disease MeSH
- Saline Waters MeSH
- Sulfur Compounds therapeutic use MeSH
- Conspectus
- Fyzioterapie. Psychoterapie. Alternativní lékařství
- NML Fields
- revmatologie
- balneologie
- NML Publication type
- brožury
- separáty
Euryhaliotrema russellum sp. n. and Euryhaliotrema tenuiaccessorium sp. n. are described from the gills of Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker) and L. argentimaculatus (Forsskål), respectively, in the South China Sea. Euryhaliotrema russellum sp. n. differs from all other members of Euryhaliotrema Kritsky et Boeger, 2002 by its unique male copulatory organ, a straight tube with a bulbous base and without an accessory piece. Euryhaliotrema tenuiaccessorium sp. n. differs from its congeners by having a copulatory organ with a bulbous base, a meandering copulatory tube with clockwise coil having less than one complete ring, and a slender accessory piece along the middle length of the copulatory tube. All species of Euryhaliotrema are listed and divided to three groups based on morpholgy of the male copulatory organ.
- MeSH
- Oceans and Seas MeSH
- Genitalia anatomy & histology MeSH
- Fishes * parasitology MeSH
- Saline Waters MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Trematoda * anatomy & histology classification MeSH
- Gills parasitology MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- China MeSH
- Oceans and Seas MeSH
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes found in a range of environments. They are infamous for the production of toxins, as well as bioactive compounds, which exhibit anticancer, antimicrobial and protease inhibition activities. Cyanobacteria produce a broad range of antifungals belonging to structural classes, such as peptides, polyketides and alkaloids. Here, we tested cyanobacteria from a wide variety of environments for antifungal activity. The potent antifungal macrolide scytophycin was detected in Anabaena sp. HAN21/1, Anabaena cf. cylindrica PH133, Nostoc sp. HAN11/1 and Scytonema sp. HAN3/2. To our knowledge, this is the first description of Anabaena strains that produce scytophycins. We detected antifungal glycolipopeptide hassallidin production in Anabaena spp. BIR JV1 and HAN7/1 and in Nostoc spp. 6sf Calc and CENA 219. These strains were isolated from brackish and freshwater samples collected in Brazil, the Czech Republic and Finland. In addition, three cyanobacterial strains, Fischerella sp. CENA 298, Scytonema hofmanni PCC 7110 and Nostoc sp. N107.3, produced unidentified antifungal compounds that warrant further characterization. Interestingly, all of the strains shown to produce antifungal compounds in this study belong to Nostocales or Stigonematales cyanobacterial orders.
- MeSH
- Anabaena chemistry classification growth & development isolation & purification MeSH
- Antifungal Agents chemistry isolation & purification pharmacology MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus drug effects growth & development MeSH
- Candida albicans drug effects growth & development MeSH
- Peptides, Cyclic chemistry isolation & purification pharmacology MeSH
- Species Specificity MeSH
- Phylogeny MeSH
- Glycolipids chemistry isolation & purification pharmacology MeSH
- Lipopeptides chemistry isolation & purification pharmacology MeSH
- Molecular Structure MeSH
- Molecular Typing MeSH
- Nostoc chemistry classification growth & development isolation & purification MeSH
- Drug Discovery * MeSH
- Pyrans chemistry isolation & purification pharmacology MeSH
- Cyanobacteria chemistry classification growth & development isolation & purification MeSH
- Fresh Water microbiology MeSH
- Saline Waters MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Brazil MeSH
- Czech Republic MeSH
- Finland MeSH
