• MeSH
• hrudní chirurgie MeSH
• kardiochirurgické výkony MeSH
• krevní banky MeSH
• krevní transfuze MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• kardiologie
• hematologie a transfuzní lékařství

• MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci * etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prolaktinom * epidemiologie   komplikace   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• souhrny MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

• MeSH
• bolest komplikace   rehabilitace   MeSH
• chronická obstrukční plicní nemoc rehabilitace   MeSH
• elektrická stimulace metody   přístrojové vybavení   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• elektrostimulační terapie metody   přístrojové vybavení   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kosterní svaly fyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• management bolesti MeSH
• navrhování softwaru MeSH
• svalová slabost diagnóza   etiologie   rehabilitace   MeSH
• terapie s pomocí počítače metody   přístrojové vybavení   trendy   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• amplifikace genu MeSH
• epidemiologické metody MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• Hantavirus MeSH
• sérotypizace MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

The Tympanic Membrane (TM) transforms acoustic energy to ossicular vibration. The shape and the displacement of the TM play an important role in this process. We developed a High-speed Digital Holography (HDH) system to measure the shape and transient displacements of the TM induced by acoustic clicks. The displacements were further normalized by the measured shape to derive surface normal displacements at over 100,000 points on the TM surface. Frequency and impulse response analyses were performed at each TM point, which enable us to describe 2D surface maps of four new TM mechanical parameters. From frequency domain analyses, we describe the (i) dominant frequencies of the displacement per sound pressure based on Frequency Response Function (FRF) at each surface point. From time domain analyses, we describe the (ii) rising time, (iii) exponential decay time, and the (iv) root-mean-square (rms) displacement of the TM based on Impulse Response Function (IRF) at each surface point. The resultant 2D maps show that a majority of the TM surface has a dominant frequency of around 1.5 kHz. The rising times suggest that much of the TM surface is set into motion within 50 μs of an impulsive stimulus. The maps of the exponential decay time of the IRF illustrate spatial variations in damping, the least known TM mechanical property. The damping ratios at locations with varied dominant frequencies are quantified and compared.

• MeSH
• akustická stimulace MeSH
• holografie * MeSH
• membrana tympani * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• střední ucho MeSH
• vibrace MeSH
• zvuk MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

BACKGROUND: Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL, Aptiom®) is a once-daily (QD) anticonvulsant, approved as adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures (POS). It is extensively converted after oral administration to eslicarbazepine, and is believed to exert its effect through inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels. The possible role of ESL as monotherapy to treat POS has not yet been established. METHODS: This study was an 18-week, multicenter, randomized double-blind trial of gradual conversion to ESL monotherapy in adults with POS not well controlled by 1-2 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), using historical data as the control. The study comprised an 8-week baseline period, a 2-week titration period, a 6-week AED conversion period, a 10-week monotherapy period, and either a 1-week taper period or optional entry to an open-label extension study. The primary endpoint compared the Kaplan-Meier (KM)-estimated 112-day exit rate with a threshold value calculated from the historical controls. RESULTS: There were 172 randomized patients; 154 (90%) entered the AED conversion period and 121 (70%) completed the study. The KM-estimated exit rates [confidence interval (CI)] were 15.6% [8.1-28.7%] for ESL 1200 mg, and 12.8% [7.5-21.5%] for ESL 1600 mg. The upper limits of the 95% CI KM-estimates were below the pre-specified threshold for historical control of 65.3%, indicating that ESL was efficacious in reducing seizure-related exits, compared with historical control. During the 18-week double-blind treatment period, median reductions in standardized seizure frequency occurred with ESL 1200 mg (36.1%) and ESL 1600 mg (47.5%). The responder rates (a 50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency from baseline) during the 18-week double-blind period and the monotherapy period, respectively, were 35.2% and 38.9% for ESL 1200 mg, and 46.0% and 46.0% for ESL 1600 mg. The overall adverse event profile was consistent with the known safety profile of ESL. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that ESL monotherapy (1200 and 1600 mg QD) was efficacious and well tolerated in this study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01091662 ; EudraCT No. 2010-018684-42.

• MeSH
• antikonvulziva terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dibenzazepiny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
• epilepsie parciální farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• záchvaty farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

Hantavirus carried by the European common vole Microtus arvalis from Moravia (Czech Republic) was analyzed by RT-PCR-sequencing and by reactivity with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Sequencing of the full-length S segment and the proximal part of the M segment showed that the virus belonged to genotype Tula (TUL) we discovered earlier in Microtus arvalis from Central Russia. This finding supported the concept of host dependence of hantaviruses. Phylogenetic analyses suggested a similar evolutionary history for S and M genes of TUL strains; thus far there is no evidence for reassortment in TUL. Geographic clustering of TUL genetic variants was observed and different levels of the genetic variability were revealed resembling those estimated for another hantavirus, Puumala (PUU). Comparison of the deduced N protein sequence from Russia and from Moravia showed that genetic drift in TUL occurred not only by accumulation of point mutations but also by the deletion of a nucleotide triplet. It encoded Ser252 which was located within a highly variable hydrophilic part of the N protein carrying B-cell epitopes and presumably forming a loop. Analysis of naturally expressed TUL N-antigen derived from lung tissue of infected voles with MAbs indicated antigenic heterogeneity among TUL strains.

• MeSH
• antigeny virové imunologie   MeSH
• Arvicolinae virologie   MeSH
• DNA virů MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• genetická variace MeSH
• Hantavirus klasifikace   genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky imunologie   MeSH
• nukleokapsida imunologie   MeSH
• protilátky virové imunologie   MeSH
• RNA virová * MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• sekvenční analýza MeSH
• virové proteiny MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

(Pro)renin receptor (PRR) contributes to regulating many physiological and pathological processes; however, the role of PRR-mediated signaling pathways in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) remains unclear. In this study, we used an in vitro model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to mimic IRI and carried out PRR knockdown by siRNA and PRR overexpression using cDNA in H9c2 cells. Cell proliferation activity was examined by MTT and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. Apoptosis-related factors, autophagy markers and beta-catenin pathway activity were assessed by real-time PCR and western blotting. After 24 h of hypoxia followed by 2 h of reoxygenation, the expression levels of PRR, LC3B-I/II, Beclin1, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and Bax were upregulated, suggesting that apoptosis and autophagy were increased in H9c2 cells. Contrary to the effects of PRR downregulation, the overexpression of PRR inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, increased the expression of pro-apoptotic factors and autophagy markers, and promoted activation of the beta-catenin pathway. Furthermore, all these effects were reversed by treatment with the beta-catenin antagonist DKK-1. Thus, we concluded that PRR activation can trigger H/R-induced apoptosis and autophagy in H9c2 cells through the beta-catenin signaling pathway, which may provide new therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of myocardial IRI.

• MeSH
• apoptóza fyziologie   MeSH
• autofagie fyziologie   MeSH
• beta-katenin metabolismus   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• hypoxie buňky fyziologie   MeSH
• kardiomyocyty metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• kyslík metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory buněčného povrchu metabolismus   MeSH
• reperfuzní poškození myokardu metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PPARδ-dependent maintenance of inotropic function is mentioned as crucial for cardiomyocytes. However, change of PPARδ in endotoxins-induced cardiac dysfunction is still unclear. The present study is then designed to investigate the changes of PPARδ in rats showing LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction. In the in vivo experiments, adult Wistar rats were treated with intravenous injection of 10 mg/kg LPS for 6 h. The isolated heart determined in Langendorff apparatus and the hemodynamic analysis of rats used to measure the changes of cardiac function extra vivo and in vivo. We found that LPS decreased the cardiac contractility in isolated heart and lowered the hemodynamic dP/dtmax in rats. Also, this action of LPS was reversed by PPARδ agonist. In cultured neonatal rat cardiac cells incubated with LPS, the intracellular calcium concentration and troponin I phosphorylation were both reduced after the detection of intracellular calcium level and Western blotting analysis. PPARδ agonist also reversed both actions of LPS in cardiomyocyte. The obtained results suggest that LPS induced decreases in PPARδ expression and troponin I phosphorylation to result in acute heart failure similar to cardiac dysfunction in endotoxemia.

• Klíčová slova
• GW0742,
• MeSH
• endotoxemie * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• hemodynamika účinky léků   MeSH
• intracelulární "calcium-sensing" proteiny MeSH
• kardiomyocyty metabolismus   patologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• kontrakce myokardu účinky léků   MeSH
• krevní tlak účinky léků   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• kultivační techniky MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• receptory aktivované proliferátory peroxizomů * účinky léků   MeSH
• srdeční selhání * patologie   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• thiazoly aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• troponin I metabolismus   MeSH
• western blotting MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH