Cresols
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... CONTENTS -- ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA FOR CRESOLS -- 1. ... ... -- 5.1.3 Soil 46 -- 5.1.4 Food and beverages 46 -- 5.2 General population exposure 46 -- EHC 168: Cresols ... ... Distribution 48 -- 6.3 Metabolic transformation 49 -- 6.4 Elimination and excretion 50 -- 6.5 Endogenous cresols ...
Environmental health criteria ; 168
[1st ed.] 144 s. : tab., grafy ; 20 cm
Health and Safety Guide ; 100
24 stran
- Klíčová slova
- krezol,
- NLK Obory
- environmentální vědy
- chemie, klinická chemie
- biologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- publikace WHO
- MeSH
- chemický průmysl MeSH
- chlorfenoly moč MeSH
- chromatografie plynová metody MeSH
- fluorbenzeny MeSH
- kresoly moč MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pracovní expozice MeSH
- toluen MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
... 3.2 Anthropogenic sources 15 -- 3.2.1 Uses 15 -- 3.2.2 Worldwide sales 16 -- EHC 220: Dinitro-orXho-cresol ... ... 9.3 Terrestrial organisms 55 -- 9.3.1 Earthworms 55 -- 9.3.2 Honeybees 55 -- EHC 220: Dinitro-orXho-cresol ...
Environmental health criteria, ISSN 0250-863X 220
xviii, 87 s. : tab. ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- dinitrofenoly toxicita chemie MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- kresoly toxicita chemie MeSH
- pracovní expozice MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí MeSH
- Konspekt
- Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
- NLK Obory
- hygiena
- toxikologie
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- environmentální vědy
- NLK Publikační typ
- publikace WHO
Popsán případ sebevražedné otravy požitím saponátového roztoku krezolu. 41letý muž byl časně ráno nalezen v parku v bezvědomí, vedle něho byla nalezena prázdná láhev saponátového roztoku krezolu. Přes pokusy o resuscitaci a intenzivní péči u něho nastala smrt asi za dvě hodiny. Pitva odhalila četná morfologická poškození horní části zažívacího traktu a překrvení plic. Při histologickém vyšetření byl pozorován těžký edém plic a těžké eroze jícnu a žaludku. Toxikologickou analýzou byla též zjištěna vysoká koncentrace izomeru krezolu v krvi a žaludečním obsahu. Příčina smrti byla stanovena jako otrava krezolem, na základě výsledků pitvy a toxikologického vyšetření.
We describe here a case of suicidal poisoning by saponated cresol ingestion. A 41 year-old male was found unconsciousness in a park in the early morning, and an empty bottle of saponated cresol was found beside him. His death was confirmed approximately 2 hours later, despite attempts at resuscitation and intensive care. The autopsy revealed severe morphological damage of the upper gastrointestinal tract and congestion of the lung. We also observed by histopathological examination severe lung edema and severe erosion of the esophagus and stomach. Toxicological analysis also identified a high concentration of cresol isomer in the blood and gastric contents. The cause of death was given as cresol poisoning, based on the results of the autopsy and toxicological examination.
- MeSH
- kresoly otrava škodlivé účinky toxicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- otrava diagnóza patologie MeSH
- sebevražda MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Naturally- and anthropogenically-produced cresols could pose serious risks to fish health. In this study, three piscine CYP isoforms were investigated for their abilities to interact with p-cresol. Therefore, the activity of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), 7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin O-debenzylase (BFCOD), and p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (PNPH) were evaluated in the hepatic microsomes of juvenile rainbow trout. Results showed that EROD activity was inhibited in a competitive manner, BFCOD activity was inhibited in presence the highest tested p-cresol concentration and PNPH activity was not affected. These results indicate that p-cresol might affect the ability of fish to metabolize numerous aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxin compounds, which are present in the aquatic environment.
p-Cresol and indole are volatile biologically active products of the bacterial degradation of tyrosine and tryptophan respectively. They are typically produced by bacteria in animal intestines, soil and various sediments. Here, we demonstrate that the free-living eukaryote Mastigamoeba balamuthi and its pathogenic relative Entamoeba histolytica produce significant amounts of indole via tryptophanase activity. Unexpectedly, M. balamuthi also produces p-cresol in concentrations that are bacteriostatic to non-p-cresol-producing bacteria. The ability of M. balamuthi to produce p-cresol, which has not previously been observed in any eukaryotic microbe, was gained due to the lateral acquisition of a bacterial gene for 4-hydroxyphenylacetate decarboxylase (HPAD). In bacteria, the genes for HPAD and the S-adenosylmethionine-dependent activating enzyme (AE) are present in a common operon. In M. balamuthi, HPAD displays a unique fusion with the AE that suggests the operon-mediated transfer of genes from a bacterial donor. We also clarified that the tyrosine-to-4-hydroxyphenylacetate conversion proceeds via the Ehrlich pathway. The acquisition of the bacterial HPAD gene may provide M. balamuthi a competitive advantage over other microflora in its native habitat.
- MeSH
- Archamoebae genetika MeSH
- Bacteria genetika MeSH
- bakteriální geny * MeSH
- indoly metabolismus MeSH
- karboxylyasy MeSH
- kresoly metabolismus MeSH
- operon MeSH
- přenos genů horizontální * MeSH
- S-adenosylmethionin metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
A reference material for the biological monitoring of occupational exposure to toluene, benzene and phenol was prepared. O-cresol and hippuric acid (metabolites of toluene) are used for the biological monitoring of occupational exposure to toluene. Phenol, a metabolite of benzene, is used for the biological monitoring of exposure to benzene, but phenol can of course also be used as an indicator of exposure to phenol as well. The reference material (RM) used for the determination of these metabolites was prepared by freeze-drying pooled urine samples obtained from healthy persons occupationally exposed to toluene and those taking part in an inhalation experiment. Tests for homogeneity and stability were performed by determining urine concentrations of o-cresol, hippuric acid, creatinine and phenol. To investigate the stability of the RM, the urinary concentrations of o-cresol and phenol were monitored for eighteen months using GC and HPLC, while those of hippuric acid and creatinine were followed for five and six years, respectively, using HPLC. Analysis of variance showed that the concentrations did not change. The certified concentration values (and their uncertainties) of the substances in this reference material (phenol concentration c=6.46+/-0.58 mg l(-1); o-cresol concentration c=1.17+/-0.15 mg l(-1); hippuric acid concentration c=1328+/-30 mg l(-1); creatinine concentration c=0.82+/-0.10 g l(-1)) were evaluated via the interactive statistical programme IPECA.
- MeSH
- analýza moči metody normy MeSH
- benzen analýza MeSH
- chemické techniky analytické metody normy MeSH
- fenoly analýza MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hippuráty analýza MeSH
- kalibrace MeSH
- kreatin moč MeSH
- kresoly analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- moč chemie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- toluen moč MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody MeSH
- zmrazování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- multicentrická studie MeSH